{Expand language
|langcode=no
|google=yes
|otherarticle=
{{Expand language
|langcode=no
|google=yes
|otherarticle=
{{Expand language
|langcode=no
|google=yes
|otherarticle=
{{Expand language
|langcode=no
|google=yes
|otherarticle=
{{Expand language
|langcode=no
|google=yes
|otherarticle={{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}
|date={{{date|July 2011}}}
|fa={{{fa|}}}
|topic={{{topic|}}}
}}
Johan Bernhard Hjort (25 February 1895 – 24 February 1969) was a
NorwegianNorway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
supreme courtA supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of many legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, instance court, judgment court, high court, or apex court...
lawyerA lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person who is practicing law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political...
, and was the son of marine biologist, oceanographer and director of fisheries
Johan HjortJohan Hjort FRS was a Norwegian fisheries scientist, marine zoologist, and oceanographer. He was among the most prominent and influential marine zoologists of his time.- The early years :...
. With
Vidkun QuislingVidkun Abraham Lauritz Jonssøn Quisling was a Norwegian politician. On 9 April 1940, with the German invasion of Norway in progress, he seized power in a Nazi-backed coup d'etat that garnered him international infamy. From 1942 to 1945 he served as Minister-President, working with the occupying...
he founded the
NorwegianNorway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
political party
Nasjonal Samling on 17 May 1933. In 1937 Hjort broke with Quisling and left Nasjonal Samling. He was arrested by
GestapoThe Gestapo was the official secret police of Nazi Germany. Beginning on 20 April 1934, it was under the administration of the SS leader Heinrich Himmler in his position as Chief of German Police...
in 1941 by the direct intervention of
Josef TerbovenJosef Antonius Heinrich Terboven was a Nazi leader, best known as the Reichskommissar during the German occupation of Norway.-Early life:...
, after Hjort published a scholarly article in a journal of Norwegian law that openly criticised the German occupation. He spent prison time in Oslo and then Berlin. After being released from prison, Hjort along with his family carried out important resistance work in Germany, playing a crucial role in the first stages of the
White Buses"White Buses" refers to a program undertaken by the Swedish Red Cross and the Danish government in the spring of 1945 to rescue concentration camp inmates in areas under Nazi control and transport them to Sweden, a neutral country...
operation. It is estimated that this operation saved 15,345 prisoners from mortal peril in concentration and prisoner camps; of these 7,795 were Scandinavian and 7,550 were non-Scandinavian.
After the war he fought as a supreme court lawyer for the artistic freedom of controversial artists and for the natural legal rights of homosexuals. In 1957, in one of the most famous and widely debated court cases in Norwegian post-war history, Hjort was the defense lawyer for novelist
Agnar MykleAgnar Mykle was a Norwegian author. He became one of the most controversial figures in Norwegian literature in the 20th century.-Early life:...
, who was accused of immoral and obscene writing in his books. Hjort was a long-term chairman of
RiksmålsforbundetRiksmålsforbundet is the main organisation for Riksmål, one of the written standard of the Norwegian language ....
, an association that fought for Riksmål being the only allowed form of
Norwegian languageNorwegian is a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Norway, where it is the official language. Together with Swedish and Danish, Norwegian forms a continuum of more or less mutually intelligible local and regional variants .These Scandinavian languages together with the Faroese language...
. He was a prolific writer and lecturer and a frequent contributor to public debate. Among his books are
Justismord (1952),
Dømt med rette? (1958), and
Demokrati og statsmakt (1963). He also translated
Kipling'sJoseph Rudyard Kipling was an English poet, short-story writer, and novelist chiefly remembered for his celebration of British imperialism, tales and poems of British soldiers in India, and his tales for children. Kipling received the 1907 Nobel Prize for Literature...
Just So StoriesThe Just So Stories for Little Children were written by British author Rudyard Kipling. They are highly fantasised origin stories and are among Kipling's best known works.-Description:...
into Norwegian.
External links
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2011}}
{{Persondata
| NAME = Hjort, Johan Bernhard
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = 25 February 1895
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 24 February 1969
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hjort, Johan Bernhard}}