Job production, sometimes called jobbing, involves producing a one-off product for a specific customer. Job production is most often associated with small firms (making railings for a specific house, building/repairing a computer for a specific customer, making flower arrangements for a specific wedding etc.) but large firms use job production too. Examples include:

• Designing and implementing an advertising campaign
• Auditing the accounts of a large public limited company
  Public limited company
  A public limited company is a limited liability company that sells shares to the public in United Kingdom company law, in the Republic of Ireland and Commonwealth jurisdictions....
  
  
• Building a new factory
• Installing machinery in a factory
• Machining a batch of parts per a CAD drawing
  Computer-aided design
  Computer-aided design , also known as computer-aided design and drafting , is the use of computer technology for the process of design and design-documentation. Computer Aided Drafting describes the process of drafting with a computer...
  
   supplied by a customer

Fabrication shops

Fabrication (metal)

Fabrication as an industrial term refers to building metal structures by cutting, bending, and assembling. The cutting part of fabrication is via sawing, shearing, or chiseling ; torching with handheld torches ; and via CNC cutters...

 and machine shops

Machining

Conventional machining is a form of subtractive manufacturing, in which a collection of material-working processes utilizing power-driven machine tools, such as saws, lathes, milling machines, and drill presses, are used with a sharp cutting tool to physical remove material to achieve a desired...

 whose work is primarily of the job production type are often called job shops. The associated people or corporations are sometimes called jobbers.

Benefits and disadvantages

Key benefits of job production include:

• work is generally of a high quality
• a high level of customisation is possible to meet the customer's exact requirements
• significant flexibility is possible, especially when compared to mass production
  Mass production
  Mass production is the production of large amounts of standardized products, including and especially on assembly lines...
  
  
• workers can be easily motivated due to the skilled nature of the work they are performing

Disadvantages include:

• higher cost of production
• requires the use of specialist labour (compare with the repetitive, low-skilled jobs in mass production
  Mass production
  Mass production is the production of large amounts of standardized products, including and especially on assembly lines...
  
  )
• slow compared to other methods (batch production
  Batch production
  Batch production is a technique used in manufacturing, in which the object in question is created stage by stage over a series of workstations. Batch production is common in bakeries and in the manufacture of sports shoes, pharmaceutical ingredients , inks, paints and adhesives. In the manufacture...
  
   and mass production
  Mass production
  Mass production is the production of large amounts of standardized products, including and especially on assembly lines...
  
  )

Essential features

There are a number of features that should be implemented in a job production environment, they include:

• Clear definitions of objectives should be set.
• Clearly outlined decision making process.

See also

• Batch production
  Batch production
  Batch production is a technique used in manufacturing, in which the object in question is created stage by stage over a series of workstations. Batch production is common in bakeries and in the manufacture of sports shoes, pharmaceutical ingredients , inks, paints and adhesives. In the manufacture...
  
  
• Craft production
  Craft production
  Craft production is the process of manufacturing by hand with or without the aid of tools. The term Craft production refers to a manufacturing technique applied in the hobbies of Handicraft but was also the common method of manufacture in the pre-industrialized world...
  
  
• Instant manufacturing
• Just In Time
• Lean manufacturing
  Lean manufacturing
  Lean manufacturing, lean enterprise, or lean production, often simply, "Lean," is a production practice that considers the expenditure of resources for any goal other than the creation of value for the end customer to be wasteful, and thus a target for elimination...
  
  
• Manufacturing
  Manufacturing
  Manufacturing is the use of machines, tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale...
  
  
• Mass production
  Mass production
  Mass production is the production of large amounts of standardized products, including and especially on assembly lines...
  
  
• Odd job
  Odd job
  Odd job may refer to:*"Odd job", work that is not regular or skilled *Odd Job Stores, Inc. , which was bought out by Amazing Savings Holding LLC in 2003, and which subsequently closed in 2005*Odd Jobs, a 1986 comedy film*The Odd Job, a 1978 comedy film*Oddjob, a James Bond villain*Oddjob...
  
  
• Piece work
  Piece work
  Piece work is any type of employment in which a worker is paid a fixed "piece rate" for each unit produced or action performed regardless of time...
  
  
• Production, costs, and pricing
  Production, costs, and pricing
  The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to industrial organization:Industrial organization – describes the behavior of firms in the marketplace with regard to production, pricing, employment and other decisions...