Jind Kaur
Encyclopedia
Maharani Jind Kaur, also popularly known as Rani Jindan. She was the youngest wife of Maharaja Ranjit Singh
Ranjit Singh
Maharaja Ranjit Singh Ji was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire.-Early life:...

 and the mother of the last Sikh
Sikh
A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism. It primarily originated in the 15th century in the Punjab region of South Asia. The term "Sikh" has its origin in Sanskrit term शिष्य , meaning "disciple, student" or शिक्ष , meaning "instruction"...

 Emperor, Maharajah Duleep Singh
Duleep Singh
This article is about Maharaja Dalip Singh. For other uses, see Dalip SinghMaharaja Dalip Singh, GCSI , commonly called Duleep Singh and later in life nicknamed the Black Prince of Perthshire, was the last Maharaja of the Sikh Empire...

. In 1845 she became Regent of Punjab for Duleep Singh
Duleep Singh
This article is about Maharaja Dalip Singh. For other uses, see Dalip SinghMaharaja Dalip Singh, GCSI , commonly called Duleep Singh and later in life nicknamed the Black Prince of Perthshire, was the last Maharaja of the Sikh Empire...

. The Queen Mother (or Mai) of the last Sikh sovereign of the Punjab. She was renowned for her great beauty and personal charm along with her 'characteristic strength of a man' qualities which the British came to dislike.

Rani Jind Kaur had a Brother Sardar Jawahar Singh and a elder Sister Who Married Sardar Jawala Singh Padhania Chief of Padhana Village in Lahore District.

Rani Jindan was the daughter of a Sikh named Sardar Manna Singh, a Aulakh Jatt of small village of Chachar, in the district of Gujranwala
Gujranwala
Gujranwala is a industrial city in the north-east of the Punjab province. It is the sixth largest city in Pakistan with a population of approximately 2,661,360 as on 24 June 2011...

, now in Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...

. It was reported that Maharaja Ranjit Singh
Ranjit Singh
Maharaja Ranjit Singh Ji was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire.-Early life:...

 was not interested in marrying a young bride, reportedly she would be his 17th wife. The tender years of Duleep Singh, is the reason why the Maharani did not become 'sati' on the funeral pyre of her husband along with some of the other wives. In order to get rid of Manna Singh's constant requests, the Maharaja sent 'his arrow and sword' to her village to which Jind Kaur was symbolically married in 1835 AD. Ranjit Singh had married nine of his wives with the usual rites and ceremonies of the institution of Anand Karaj
Anand Karaj
Anand Karaj is the Sikh marriage ceremony, meaning "Blissful Union" or "Joyful Union", that was introduced by Guru Amar Das. The four Lavan were composed by his successor, Guru Ram Das...

 (Sikh
Sikh
A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism. It primarily originated in the 15th century in the Punjab region of South Asia. The term "Sikh" has its origin in Sanskrit term शिष्य , meaning "disciple, student" or शिक्ष , meaning "instruction"...

 religious marriage ceremony) and the other seven with the less orthodox customs of 'Chaddar-Pauna', 'Karewa' or ' Tir-patka', a prevalent custom among the Jats of the Punjab. This custom was born from the Sikh religion's rejection of the ancient ritual of 'Sati
Sati (practice)
For other uses, see Sati .Satī was a religious funeral practice among some Indian communities in which a recently widowed woman either voluntarily or by use of force and coercion would have immolated herself on her husband’s funeral pyre...

' or self-immolation of the widow on her husband's funeral pyre, a custom which was still prevalent within most of the families of the nobility and royalty of the Sikh Kingdoms. The Sikh
Sikh
A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism. It primarily originated in the 15th century in the Punjab region of South Asia. The term "Sikh" has its origin in Sanskrit term शिष्य , meaning "disciple, student" or शिक्ष , meaning "instruction"...

 custom allowed the eldest (or younger brother) of the deceased to symbolically marry the widow by placing a 'nath' or nose-ring in the nose of the widow whilst both seated under a white sheet held aloft by members of the family.

In 1845 the First War Took place against the British in Bhai Phero City in Kasur District (Sikh Territory), Before Rani Jind kaur Found that These Hindu Dogra Brothers Were Allies of the British in which to Save the Empire from the Enemies She gave a Letter to Sardar Sham Singh Attariwala
Sham Singh Attariwala
Sham Singh Attariwala was a general for the Sikh Empire and is famous for his last stand at the Battle of Sobraon. He joined the Sikh military in 1817 and during the Afghan-Sikh Wars participated in the Battle of Attock, Battle of Multan, Battle of Peshewar, and the 1819 Kashmir expedition...

 to give it to Jathedar Akali Baba Hanuman Singh Shaheed (1755–1845) who was the Head of Sikh Nihang Army and the Head Priest of Amritsar Of Akal Takhat Sahib in the Letter it said that the Sikh Empire Should Be Saved and Protect it against the Dogra and the British, The Jathedar got ready with his Sikh Army to die for the Sikh Kingdom of Motherland Punjab, A Big Battle was fought in which Hundreds of Sikhs Attained Martyrdom on the Battlefield Jathedar with his Few Surviving Sikh Army Injured Traveled in to the Malva Region of Punjab at that time the British Informed Maharaja Karam Singh Of Patiala Sikh Kingdom who was a Allie of the British During the Wars along with other Traitors Such as Maharaja Pahar Singh of Faridkot Sikh Kingdom The British Told them to Attack the Jathedar and his Army These Two Maharaja Traitors Attacked their own Sikh Brothers and Killed the Surviving Sikhs from the Battlefield.

Shortly after the First Anglo-Sikh War
First Anglo-Sikh War
The First Anglo-Sikh War was fought between the Sikh Empire and the British East India Company between 1845 and 1846. It resulted in partial subjugation of the Sikh kingdom.-Background and causes of the war:...

 saw the British gain hold of Punjab
Punjab (British India)
Punjab was a province of British India, it was one of the last areas of the Indian subcontinent to fall under British rule. With the end of British rule in 1947 the province was split between West Punjab, which went to Pakistan, and East Punjab, which went to India...

, and in 1846 she was deposed as Regent, forcibly separated from her only son and banished to Sheikhupura
Sheikhupura
Sheikhupura or Shekhupur , formerly Kot Dayal Das or Singhpuria or Virkgarh , is an industrial city in the province of Punjab slightly northwest to Lahore in Pakistan. It is known for its historical places, and is commonly known locally as Qila Shaikhupura, because of the fort in the city,...

 near Lahore
Lahore
Lahore is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the second largest city in the country. With a rich and fabulous history dating back to over a thousand years ago, Lahore is no doubt Pakistan's cultural capital. One of the most densely populated cities in the world, Lahore remains a...

.

After moving around several gaols, Rani Jindan eventually escaped from Chunar fort, Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...

 on 19 April 1849 and left a note for the British "You put me in the cage and locked me up. For all your locks and your sentries, I got out by my magic ... I had told you plainly not to push me too hard – but don’t think I ran away, understand well, that I escape by myself unaided ... When I quit the Fort of Chunar I threw down two papers on my gaddi and one I threw on the European charpoy, now don’t imagine, I got out like a thief". The British confiscated her jewelry and rescinded her pension. Rani Jindan arrived in Kathmandu, Nepal on 29 April 1849 and was given political asylum
Right of asylum
Right of asylum is an ancient juridical notion, under which a person persecuted for political opinions or religious beliefs in his or her own country may be protected by another sovereign authority, a foreign country, or church sanctuaries...

 by Prime Minister Jung Bahadur. She was assigned a residence at Thapathall and given an allowance by the Nepalese government
Politics of Nepal
The politics of Nepal function within a framework of a republic with a multi-party system.Currently, the position of President is occupied by Ram Baran Yadav. The position of Prime Minister is held by Dr. Baburam Bhattarai...

.

On 30 March 1849, Duleep Singh (1838–1893) held his last court at Lahore, at which he signed away all claims to the rule of the Punjab. A proclamation by Dalhousie, annexing the Punjab, was then read out. For his services the Earl of Dalhousie received the thanks of the British parliament and a step in the peerage, as Marquess. Gough also received rewards for his services, although his tactics at Chillianwala Near the Jhelum River were to be questioned for the remainder of his life. Many of the junior British Political Agents who had organised local resistance to the Khalsa were to have distinguished later careers.

The End of the Sikh Empire in 1849 was a great Shock for the Punjabi people and the Sikhs and a Great Imperial Power Came to an end, But sikhs made lots of sacrifices to save the Empire but in the end all hopes were lost.

It became a memory of the Golden Age of when the Empire had Reached its Zenith. For Sikhs they shall always remember the Last Sikh Raj.

In 1860 she was eventually permitted to see her son, Maharaja Duleep Singh
Duleep Singh
This article is about Maharaja Dalip Singh. For other uses, see Dalip SinghMaharaja Dalip Singh, GCSI , commonly called Duleep Singh and later in life nicknamed the Black Prince of Perthshire, was the last Maharaja of the Sikh Empire...

 in Calcutta, who brought her to the shores of England, She had lost her eye sight But as she Touched Duleep singh on the Head he had cut his hair she Started to Cry Pushed him and said The Maharaja Has Died, Our Empire Had Gone from out hands but i never thought that My son Would Forget His Sikh Background. he then after Grew His hair and became a True Sikh Again the British did not allow him to visit his Beloved Motherland Punjab. He died in Paris France never to step on British Soil.

From 1849-1947 For 98 Years the British ruled the Punjab Made it part of British India until the partition Took Place and Independence.
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