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Jezebel (1938 film)

 

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Jezebel (1938 film)



 
 
Jezebel is an American
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 drama film
Drama film

A drama film is a film genre that depends mostly on in-depth characterization of realistic characters dealing with emotional themes. Dramatic themes such as alcoholism, drug addiction, racial prejudice, religious intolerance, poverty, crime and corruption put the characters in conflict with themselves, others, society and even natural phenome...
 released in 1938
1938 in film

The year 1938 in film involved some significant events....
 and directed by William Wyler
William Wyler

William Wyler was a three-time Academy Award-winning film film director....
. It stars Bette Davis
Bette Davis

Ruth Elizabeth "Bette" Davis was an American actress of film, television and theatre. Noted for her willingness to play unsympathetic characters, she was highly regarded for her performances in a range of film genres; from contemporary crime films to historical film and period piece and occasional comedy, though her greatest successes were h...
 and Henry Fonda
Henry Fonda

Henry Jaynes Fonda was an United States Academy Awards-winning film and Stage actor, best known for his roles as plain-speaking idealists. Fonda's subtle, Naturalism acting style preceded by many years the popularization of method acting....
, supported by George Brent
George Brent

George Brent was an Ireland film and television actor in Cinema of the United States....
, Margaret Lindsay
Margaret Lindsay

See Margaret Lindsay for the wife of Allan Ramsay , and Marion Margaret Violet Lindsay for the 19th and 20th century artist also of this name....
, Donald Crisp
Donald Crisp

Donald George Crisp was an Academy Award winning England film actor. He was also an early motion picture scriptwriter, film producer and film director....
, Richard Cromwell
Richard Cromwell (actor)

Richard Cromwell, born LeRoy Melvin Radabaugh , was an United States actor. His family and friends called him Roy, though he was also professionally known and signed autographs as Dick Cromwell....
, and Fay Bainter
Fay Bainter

Fay Okell Bainter was an Academy Award-winning United States actor. She is the aunt of actress Dorothy Burgess and sister-in-law to actress Grace Burgess....
. The film was adapted by Clements Ripley, Abem Finkel, John Huston
John Huston

John Marcellus Huston was an United States film director and actor. He was known for directing the films, The Maltese Falcon , The Asphalt Jungle , The Treasure of the Sierra Madre , Key Largo , The African Queen , The Misfits , and The Man Who Would Be King ....
 and Robert Buckner
Robert Buckner

Robert Buckner was a film screenwriter, producer and short story writer. He wrote the screenplays for films including Knute Rockne All American ....
, from the play by Owen Davis
Owen Davis

Owen Gould Davis, Sr. was an American dramatist. He received the 1923 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for his 1923 play Icebound, and penned hundreds of plays and scripts for radio and film....
, Sr.

The picture tells the story of a headstrong young Southern woman during the Antebellum
Antebellum

"Antebellum" is an expression derived from Latin that means "before war" .In United States history and historiography, "antebellum" is commonly used, in lieu of "pre-Civil War," in reference to the period of increasing sectionalism that led up to the American Civil War....
 period whose actions cost her the man she loves.

led, strong-willed New Orleans belle Julie Marsden (Bette Davis
Bette Davis

Ruth Elizabeth "Bette" Davis was an American actress of film, television and theatre. Noted for her willingness to play unsympathetic characters, she was highly regarded for her performances in a range of film genres; from contemporary crime films to historical film and period piece and occasional comedy, though her greatest successes were h...
) is engaged to banker Preston 'Pres' Dillard (Henry Fonda
Henry Fonda

Henry Jaynes Fonda was an United States Academy Awards-winning film and Stage actor, best known for his roles as plain-speaking idealists. Fonda's subtle, Naturalism acting style preceded by many years the popularization of method acting....
).






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Encyclopedia


Jezebel is an American
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
 drama film
Drama film

A drama film is a film genre that depends mostly on in-depth characterization of realistic characters dealing with emotional themes. Dramatic themes such as alcoholism, drug addiction, racial prejudice, religious intolerance, poverty, crime and corruption put the characters in conflict with themselves, others, society and even natural phenome...
 released in 1938
1938 in film

The year 1938 in film involved some significant events....
 and directed by William Wyler
William Wyler

William Wyler was a three-time Academy Award-winning film film director....
. It stars Bette Davis
Bette Davis

Ruth Elizabeth "Bette" Davis was an American actress of film, television and theatre. Noted for her willingness to play unsympathetic characters, she was highly regarded for her performances in a range of film genres; from contemporary crime films to historical film and period piece and occasional comedy, though her greatest successes were h...
 and Henry Fonda
Henry Fonda

Henry Jaynes Fonda was an United States Academy Awards-winning film and Stage actor, best known for his roles as plain-speaking idealists. Fonda's subtle, Naturalism acting style preceded by many years the popularization of method acting....
, supported by George Brent
George Brent

George Brent was an Ireland film and television actor in Cinema of the United States....
, Margaret Lindsay
Margaret Lindsay

See Margaret Lindsay for the wife of Allan Ramsay , and Marion Margaret Violet Lindsay for the 19th and 20th century artist also of this name....
, Donald Crisp
Donald Crisp

Donald George Crisp was an Academy Award winning England film actor. He was also an early motion picture scriptwriter, film producer and film director....
, Richard Cromwell
Richard Cromwell (actor)

Richard Cromwell, born LeRoy Melvin Radabaugh , was an United States actor. His family and friends called him Roy, though he was also professionally known and signed autographs as Dick Cromwell....
, and Fay Bainter
Fay Bainter

Fay Okell Bainter was an Academy Award-winning United States actor. She is the aunt of actress Dorothy Burgess and sister-in-law to actress Grace Burgess....
. The film was adapted by Clements Ripley, Abem Finkel, John Huston
John Huston

John Marcellus Huston was an United States film director and actor. He was known for directing the films, The Maltese Falcon , The Asphalt Jungle , The Treasure of the Sierra Madre , Key Largo , The African Queen , The Misfits , and The Man Who Would Be King ....
 and Robert Buckner
Robert Buckner

Robert Buckner was a film screenwriter, producer and short story writer. He wrote the screenplays for films including Knute Rockne All American ....
, from the play by Owen Davis
Owen Davis

Owen Gould Davis, Sr. was an American dramatist. He received the 1923 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for his 1923 play Icebound, and penned hundreds of plays and scripts for radio and film....
, Sr.

The picture tells the story of a headstrong young Southern woman during the Antebellum
Antebellum

"Antebellum" is an expression derived from Latin that means "before war" .In United States history and historiography, "antebellum" is commonly used, in lieu of "pre-Civil War," in reference to the period of increasing sectionalism that led up to the American Civil War....
 period whose actions cost her the man she loves.

Plot

Spoiled, strong-willed New Orleans belle Julie Marsden (Bette Davis
Bette Davis

Ruth Elizabeth "Bette" Davis was an American actress of film, television and theatre. Noted for her willingness to play unsympathetic characters, she was highly regarded for her performances in a range of film genres; from contemporary crime films to historical film and period piece and occasional comedy, though her greatest successes were h...
) is engaged to banker Preston 'Pres' Dillard (Henry Fonda
Henry Fonda

Henry Jaynes Fonda was an United States Academy Awards-winning film and Stage actor, best known for his roles as plain-speaking idealists. Fonda's subtle, Naturalism acting style preceded by many years the popularization of method acting....
). In retaliation for Pres refusing to drop his work and accompany her while she shops for a dress, she orders a brazen red one for the most important ball of the year, one where white dresses for unmarried women are expected. Everyone is shocked, but no one can convince her to give up her whim. Pres escorts Julie to the Olympus Ball, where their entrance is met by the disdainful stares of all present. She finally realizes the magnitude of her social blunder and begs Pres to take her away, but by this time, he is implacable. He makes her dance with him. All the other couples gradually leave the floor, finally leaving them alone and isolated. When the orchestra conductor stops playing, Pres orders him to continue and they finish the dance.

Afterwards, Pres takes his leave of Julie, implicitly breaking their engagement. In a final bit of spite, Julie slaps him in the face by way of farewell. Aunt Belle Massey (Fay Bainter
Fay Bainter

Fay Okell Bainter was an Academy Award-winning United States actor. She is the aunt of actress Dorothy Burgess and sister-in-law to actress Grace Burgess....
) urges her to go after Pres and beg his forgiveness, but she refuses, arrogantly confident that he will return to her. Instead, he goes north on business. Julie shuts herself up in her house and refuses to see visitors.

A year later, Pres finally returns, to help Dr. Livingstone (Donald Crisp
Donald Crisp

Donald George Crisp was an Academy Award winning England film actor. He was also an early motion picture scriptwriter, film producer and film director....
) try to convince the city authorities to take measures against an outbreak of yellow fever
Yellow fever

Yellow fever is an acute Virus disease. It is an important cause of hemorrhage illness in many African and South American countries despite existence of an effective vaccine....
. Before Pres can stop her, Julie humbles herself and begs for his forgiveness and a return of his love. Then Pres introduces her to his Northern wife Amy (Margaret Lindsay
Margaret Lindsay

See Margaret Lindsay for the wife of Allan Ramsay , and Marion Margaret Violet Lindsay for the 19th and 20th century artist also of this name....
).

Julie then eggs on her admirer, skilled duel
Duel

As practiced from the 11th to 20th centuries in Western societies, a duel is an engagement in combat between two individuals, with matched weapons in accordance with their combat doctrines....
list Buck Cantrell (George Brent
George Brent

George Brent was an Ireland film and television actor in Cinema of the United States....
), to quarrel with Pres, but the scheme goes awry. Pres's inexperienced brother Ted (Richard Cromwell
Richard Cromwell (actor)

Richard Cromwell, born LeRoy Melvin Radabaugh , was an United States actor. His family and friends called him Roy, though he was also professionally known and signed autographs as Dick Cromwell....
) is the one who is goaded into challenging Buck. In an unexpected twist, Ted emerges victorious; Buck is fatally shot.

Then something happens that overshadows everything else. As Pres and Dr. Livingstone had feared, a deadly epidemic of yellow fever sweeps the city, as it had numerous times before. Pres comes down with it and, like all other victims, is to be quarantined on an island. Amy prepares to go along to care for him, risking her own life, but Julie stops her. She tells the Northerner that she doesn't know how to deal with the slaves and Southerners on the island. She begs to go in her place, as an act of redemption. Amy agrees.

Background

Some claim this film was developed as a vehicle for Bette Davis after she failed to win the part of Scarlett O'Hara
Scarlett O'Hara

Scarlett O'Hara is the protagonist in Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel Gone with the Wind and in the later Gone with the Wind . She also is the main character in the 1970 musical Scarlett and the 1991 book Scarlett , a sequel to Gone with the Wind that was written by Alexandra Ripley and adapted for a television mini-series in...
 in Gone with the Wind
Gone with the Wind (film)

Gone with the Wind is a 1939 in film Cinema of the United States drama film-romance film-film adapted from Margaret Mitchell's 1936 in literature Gone with the Wind and directed by Victor Fleming ....
.
However, the movie was filmed and released in 1938, before the part of Scarlett was even cast for the latter film - which was released in 1939. That said, it would have been a classic bit of stiff competition between rival studios for Warner Brothers to produce a film with some minor but marked similarities a year in advance of the Selznick. Additionally, Warner offered Davis's services to Selznick, along with Errol Flynn
Errol Flynn

Errol Leslie Flynn was an Australian-born film actor, known for his romantic swashbuckler roles in Hollywood films and his flamboyant lifestyle....
 and Olivia DeHavilland (who did appear in the picture). But despite a radio poll showing Bette Davis the audience favourite for the role, Selnick did not consider her suitable for it.

Main cast and characters

Bette Davis
Bette Davis

Ruth Elizabeth "Bette" Davis was an American actress of film, television and theatre. Noted for her willingness to play unsympathetic characters, she was highly regarded for her performances in a range of film genres; from contemporary crime films to historical film and period piece and occasional comedy, though her greatest successes were h...
 as Julie Marsden
Henry Fonda
Henry Fonda

Henry Jaynes Fonda was an United States Academy Awards-winning film and Stage actor, best known for his roles as plain-speaking idealists. Fonda's subtle, Naturalism acting style preceded by many years the popularization of method acting....
 as Preston Dillard
George Brent
George Brent

George Brent was an Ireland film and television actor in Cinema of the United States....
 as Buck Cantrell
Donald Crisp
Donald Crisp

Donald George Crisp was an Academy Award winning England film actor. He was also an early motion picture scriptwriter, film producer and film director....
 as Dr. Livingstone
Fay Bainter
Fay Bainter

Fay Okell Bainter was an Academy Award-winning United States actor. She is the aunt of actress Dorothy Burgess and sister-in-law to actress Grace Burgess....
 as Aunt Belle Massey


  • Margaret Lindsay
    Margaret Lindsay

    See Margaret Lindsay for the wife of Allan Ramsay , and Marion Margaret Violet Lindsay for the 19th and 20th century artist also of this name....
     as Amy Bradford Dillard
  • Richard Cromwell
    Richard Cromwell (actor)

    Richard Cromwell, born LeRoy Melvin Radabaugh , was an United States actor. His family and friends called him Roy, though he was also professionally known and signed autographs as Dick Cromwell....
     as Ted Dillard
  • Henry O'Neill
    Henry O'Neill

    Henry O'Neill was a film actor known for playing gray-haired fathers, lawyers, and similarly dignified roles during the 1930s and 1940s.O'Neill began his acting career on the stage, after dropping out of college to join a traveling theatre company....
     as General Theopholus Bogardus
  • Spring Byington
    Spring Byington

    Spring Byington was an Academy Awards-nominated United States actress, best remembered for working as a key MGM contract player....
     as Mrs. Kendrick
  • John Litel
    John Litel

    John Litel was a film actor.He was born John Beach Litel in Albany, Wisconsin, and died in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California.During World War I, Litel enlisted in the French Army and was twice decorated for bravery....
     as Jean La Cour
  • Gordon Oliver as Dick Allen
  • Janet Shaw as Molly Allen
  • Theresa Harris as Zette
  • Margaret Early as Stephanie Kendrick
  • Irving Pichel
    Irving Pichel

    Irving Pichel , was an American actor, and film director. He married Violette Wilson, daughter of Jackson Stitt Wilson, a Methodist minister and Socialist mayor of Berkeley, California....
     as Huger


Awards


Wins

  • Academy Award for Best Actress
    Academy Award for Best Actress

    Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to recognize an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance while working within the film industry....
     - Bette Davis
  • Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
    Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress

    Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role is one of the Academy Award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to recognize an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance while working within the film industry....
     - Fay Bainter
  • Venice Film Festival
    Venice Film Festival

    The Venice Film Festival is the oldest film festival in the world. Founded by Count Giuseppe Volpi di Misurata in 1932 as the "Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte Cinematografica", the festival has since taken place every year in late August or early September on the island of the Lido di Venezia, Venice, Italy....
    : Special Recommendation for its overall artistic contribution - William Wyler


Nominations

  • Academy Award for Best Picture
    Academy Award for Best Picture

    The Academy Award for Best Motion Picture is one of the Academy Award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to artists working in the film industry....
     - Hal B. Wallis and Henry Blanke
  • Academy Award for Best Cinematography
    Academy Award for Best Cinematography

    The Academy Award for Best Cinematography is an Academy Award awarded each year to a cinematographer for work in one particular motion picture....
     - Ernest Haller
  • Academy Award for Original Music Score
    Academy Award for Original Music Score

    The Academy Award for Original Music Score is presented to the best substantial body of music in the form of Film score written specifically for the film by the submitting composer....
     - Max Steiner
  • Venice Film Festival: Mussolini Cup for Best Film - William Wyler


Adaptations

The movie was adapted into an episode of the 60 minute radio program Academy Award, with Bette Davis in the title role.

DVD commentary

In 2006, film historian Jeanine Basinger
Jeanine Basinger

Jeanine Basinger is Corwin-Fuller Professor of Film Studies and Founder and Curator of the Cinema Archives at Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, Connecticut....
 recorded a comprehensive scene-by-scene commentary as part of the re-issued DVD
DVD

DVD, also known as "Digital Versatile Disc" or "Digital Video Disc,"is a popular optical disc data storage device media format. Its main uses are video and data storage....
 of the film. In her commentary about Davis, Basinger relates that this film is distinctive in the realm of women's pictures because of Orry-Kelly
Orry-Kelly

File:Dolores Del Rio-I Live For Life-2.JPGOrry-Kelly was the professional name of George Orry Kelly , a prolific Hollywood costume designer....
's brilliant costume designs for the actress. Basinger states that the viewer is compelled to watch Davis in four stylings in particular: the riding crop/outfit in the beginning of the film, the scandalous scarlet red dress at the Olympus Ball, the virginal white dress she wears when she attempts to woo back Henry Fonda, and finally the cape at the end of the film she dons when she must go to help care for Fonda. In Basinger's opinion, this was the performance at the height of Davis's career and that Jezebel is the quintessential American "woman's" film.

Footnotes


External links