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Jewish Communist Party (Poalei Zion)
 
 
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Jewish Communist Party (Poalei Zion) (Evreiskaia kommunisticheskaia partiia (Poalei-Tsion), abbreviated EKP) was a political party
Political party

A political party is a political organization that seeks to attain and maintain politics power within government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns....
 in Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
 1919-1922. The party was formed at a conference of communist dissident fractions of the Jewish Social Democratic Labour Party (Poalei Zion), held in Gomel August 10-15, 1919. It was affiliated to the Jewish Communist Union (Poalei Zion)
Jewish Communist Union (Poalei Zion)

Jewish Communist Union , Komverband was the name taken by the Left Poalei Zion in 1921. Komverband had members in Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, Austria, Italy, Poland and other countries....
.

In Baku The EKP occupied a strong position in Baku
Baku

Baku , sometimes known as Baqy, Baky, Baki or Bak?, is the capital, the largest city, and the largest port of Azerbaijan....
 after the arrival of the 11th Soviet Red Army
11th Soviet Red Army

The 11th Army of the Worker's and Peasant's Red Army was a unit of the then newly created Soviet Union armed forces. It was deployed by the Bolsheviks in October 1918 as the Southern Front ....
.






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Jewish Communist Party (Poalei Zion) (Evreiskaia kommunisticheskaia partiia (Poalei-Tsion), abbreviated EKP) was a political party
Political party

A political party is a political organization that seeks to attain and maintain politics power within government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns....
 in Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
 1919-1922. The party was formed at a conference of communist dissident fractions of the Jewish Social Democratic Labour Party (Poalei Zion), held in Gomel August 10-15, 1919. It was affiliated to the Jewish Communist Union (Poalei Zion)
Jewish Communist Union (Poalei Zion)

Jewish Communist Union , Komverband was the name taken by the Left Poalei Zion in 1921. Komverband had members in Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, Austria, Italy, Poland and other countries....
.

History


The II All-Russian conference of the EKP was held in July 1920 in Kharkov. The IV Congress of was held in August 1921 and the III All-Russian conference was held 1-2 December 1922 in Moscow.

The party was represented in the Council for Propaganda and Action of the Peoples of the East of the Communist International through Zajma Ostrovsky, who particapted in the 1920 Baku Congress of the Peoples of the East.

In its later phase the party passed through severe internal disputes.

In 1922 the party merged into the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks) and many of its members became involved in the Yevsektsiya
Yevsektsiya

Yevsektsiya , Russian language: ????????, the syllabic abbreviation of the phrase "????????? ??????" was the Jewish section of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union....
 or Jewish Section of the party.

In Baku

The EKP occupied a strong position in Baku
Baku

Baku , sometimes known as Baqy, Baky, Baki or Bak?, is the capital, the largest city, and the largest port of Azerbaijan....
 after the arrival of the 11th Soviet Red Army
11th Soviet Red Army

The 11th Army of the Worker's and Peasant's Red Army was a unit of the then newly created Soviet Union armed forces. It was deployed by the Bolsheviks in October 1918 as the Southern Front ....
. The Jewish population of the city grew considerably in those years because of the pogrom
Pogrom

A pogrom is a form of riot directed against a particular group, whether ethnic, religious, or other, and characterized by the killing and destruction of their homes, businesses, and religious centers....
s committed by the White Army in Ukraine
Ukraine

Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south....
 Belarus
Belarus

Belarus is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the north and east, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the north....
 and Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
 that led many Jews to find shelter in Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan , is the largest and most populous country in the South Caucasus, located partially in Eastern Europe and partially in Western Asia....
, a country without an antisemitic tradition. The fact that the Jewish population had grown up to 13,700 persons helped the EKP (as well as the Communist Bund, the Yevsektsiya
Yevsektsiya

Yevsektsiya , Russian language: ????????, the syllabic abbreviation of the phrase "????????? ??????" was the Jewish section of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union....
 and the Zionist parties) to enlarge its membership in the area. The EKP promoted many cultural activities and struggled for the eliminination of illiteracy, in particular among the Mountain Jews
Mountain Jews

Mountain Jews, Juvuro, Juhuro, are Jews of the eastern Caucasus, mainly of Azerbaijan and Dagestan. They are also known as Caucasus Jews, Caucasian Jews, or more uncommonly East Caucasian Jews, because the majority of these Jews settled the eastern part of Caucasus, though there were also historical settlements...
. In 1921 the betsalel circles were opened in Baku. In those places it was possible to organize literature
Literature

Literature is the art of written works. Literally translated, the word means "acquaintance with letters" . In Western culture the most basic written literary types include fiction and non-fiction....
 and Jewish drama
Drama

Drama is the specific Mode of fiction Mimesis in performance. The term comes from a Ancient Greek word meaning "Action " , which is derived from "to do" ....
 courses.

Organization

The party was led by a Central Committee
Central Committee

Central Committee most commonly refers to the central executive unit of a Leninist or Communist party, whether ruling or non-ruling. In a Communist party, the Central Committee is made up of delegates elected at a Party Congress....
 and a Politburo
Politburo

Politburo, short for Political Bureau, Russian language Politicheskoye Buro, is the executive organization for a number of political parties, most notably those of Communist Party....
. The organ of the Central Committee of EKP was Nakanune ('????????'). In Ukraine
Ukraine

Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south....
, the party Central Committee had a Right-bank
Right-bank Ukraine

Right-bank Ukraine , a historical name of a part of Ukraine on the right river bank of the Dnieper River, corresponding with modern-day oblasts of Volyn Oblast, Rivne Oblast, Vinnytsia Oblast, Zhytomyr Oblast, Kirovohrad Oblast and Kiev Oblast, as well as part of Cherkasy Oblast and Ternopil....
 Bureau (Pravbirou) and a Left-bank
Left-bank Ukraine

Left-bank Ukraine is a historic name of the part of Ukraine on the left river bank of the Dnieper River, comprising the modern-day oblasts of Chernihiv Oblast, Poltava Oblast and Sumy Oblast as well as the eastern parts of the Kiev oblast and Cherkasy Oblast....
 Bureau. The Belorussian
Belarus

Belarus is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the north and east, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the north....
 EKP was headed by a Chief Committee. Moreover, the party had a Caucasus
Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucas is a geopolitical region located between Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. It is home to Europe's highest mountain ....
 Regional Committee. The youth wing of the party was called Jewish Communist Youth Union
Jewish Communist Youth Union

Jewish Communist Youth Union was the youth wing of the Jewish Communist Party in Russia. The first All-Russian convention of the organisation took plavce 23-27 January 1920 in Moscow....
.

EKP maintained a party school in Kharkov, named after Ber Borochov
Ber Borochov

Dov Ber Borochov was a Marxist Zionism and one of the founders of the Labor Zionism movement as well as a pioneer in the study of Yiddish as a language....
.

Local organs of the party

  • Minsk
    Minsk

    Minsk is the Capital and largest city in Belarus, situated on the Svislach River and Nemiga rivers. Minsk is also a headquarters of the Commonwealth of Independent States ....
    : Budil'nik (in Yiddish)
  • Poltava
    Poltava

    File:Poltava 1850 Main Square.PNGFile:October Parc Poltava 1550.JPGPoltava is a city in central Ukraine. It is the Capital city of the Poltava Oblast , as well as the administrative center of the surrounding Poltavskyi Raion within the oblast....
    : Ekapistskaia khronika (in Yiddish)
  • Kiev
    Kiev

    Kiev, also known as Kyiv , is the Capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River....
    : Kommunisticheskaia mysl? (in Yiddish)
  • Moscow
    Moscow

    Moscow is the capital and the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia of the Russian Federation. It is also the largest European cities and metropolitan areas, with the Moscow metropolitan area ranking among the largest urban areas in the world....
    : Kommunisticheskaia mysl? (in Yiddish)
  • Nezhin: Kommunisticheskoe slovo (organ of the Pravbiuro)
  • Yaroslav
    Yaroslav

    Yaroslav may refer to:*Yaroslav I the Wise , Grand Prince of Kiev. Son of Vladimir the Great*Yaroslav II of Kiev , son of Iziaslav II of Kiev...
    : Na strazhe
  • Avangard (organ of the Chief Committee of the Belorussian EKP)
  • Molot (organ of the Chief Committee of the Belorussian EKP)


See also

  • Jewish Communist Labour Party (Poalei Zion)
    Jewish Communist Labour Party (Poalei Zion)

    The Jewish Social Democratic Labour Party was a Zionist socialist political party in the Russian Empire. The party was founded in 1906. It was part of the international Poalei Zion movement....
  • Jewish Communist Union (Poalei Zion)
    Jewish Communist Union (Poalei Zion)

    Jewish Communist Union , Komverband was the name taken by the Left Poalei Zion in 1921. Komverband had members in Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, Austria, Italy, Poland and other countries....
  • Mifleget Poale Zion VeHaHugim HaMarksistim beEretz Yisrael
    Mifleget Poale Zion VeHaHugim HaMarksistim beEretz Yisrael

    Mifleget Poale Zion VeHaHugim HaMarksistim beEretz Yisrael was the youth group of a faction of Poale Zion, the Labor Zionism movement, in British Mandate of Palestine in the 1930s, which later merged into the Revolutionary Communist League ....
  • Poale Zion
    Poale Zion

    Poale Zion was a Movement of Marxism Zionism Jewish workers circles founded in various cities of the Russian Empire about the turn of the century after the General Jewish Labor Union rejected Zionism in 1901....