Jean V de Bueil
Encyclopedia
Jean V de Bueil called le Fléau des Anglais "plague of the English", count of Sancerre
, vicount of Carentan
, lord of Montrésor
, Château-la-Vallière
, Saint-Calais
, Vaujours, Ussé
and Vailly
, son of Jean IV de Bueil
and Margarete Dauphine of Auvergne. He is the author of Le Jouvencel (c. 1466), a semi-autobiographical roman a clef based on his experiences during the latter part of the Hundred Years War.
. Later he served under mercenary captain Étienne de Vignolles, known as La Hire. He was made captain of Tours
in 1428, later captain general in Anjou
and Maine. Together with Joan of Arc
, he successfully completed the siege of Orleans
. In September 1432 he assaulted Les Ponts-de-Cé
but failed to take it from the routiers
of Rodrigo de Villandrando
. He participated with the Dauphin Louis in a campaign against the Swiss in 1444 and was present at the battle of St. Jakob an der Birs
. He was engaged in the reconquest of Normandy from the English and became admiral of France
and captain of Cherbourg in 1450. In 1453, he was present at the Battle of Castillon
. In 1461, the new king Louis XI
replaced de Bueil as Admiral with Jean de Montaubin, which began a rift which would lead to de Bueil joining the rebels during the War of the Public Weal in 1465. De Bueil was later reconciled to the king and was admitted to the Order of St. Michael in 1469
and Christine de Pizan
but also on his own military experience. In so doing, he gives a rounded image of how a professional soldier thought about and practiced war at the end of the Middle Ages.
Le Jouvencel has been widely quoted by modern scholars of chivalry and medieval warfare. Traditionally, this has focussed on his writings on the nature of military life. He viewed the life of arms to be enobling in itself and, indeed, in some way, a route to salvation. He is perhaps most quoted for his view on comradeship in arms
In recent times, greater attention has begun to be given to the practical examples given in the text, for example, how to conduct a raid or how to order an army on the march
Sancerre
Sancerre is a medieval hilltop town , commune and canton in the Cher department of central France overlooking the Loire River. It is noted for its wine.-History:...
, vicount of Carentan
Carentan
Carentan is a small rural town near the north-eastern base of the French Cotentin Peninsula in Normandy in north-western France near the port city of Cherbourg-Octeville. Carentan has a population somewhat over 6,000 and is now administratively organized as a commune in the Manche department...
, lord of Montrésor
Montrésor
Montrésor is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.-Geography:The village lies on the right bank of the Indrois, which flows northwestward through the middle of the commune.-See also:*Communes of the Indre-et-Loire department...
, Château-la-Vallière
Château-la-Vallière
Château-la-Vallière is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire département in central France.-Château de Vaujours:The Château de Vaujours, situated three trois kilometres south of Château-la-Vallière, is an ancient fortress from the 12th and 15th centuries. It belonged to the manor of Chasteaux-en-Anjou,...
, Saint-Calais
Saint-Calais
Saint-Calais is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays-de-la-Loire in north-western France.Prior to the French Revolution it was known for its Benedictine abbey named after the Anisola stream . Saint-Calais is a later name coming from one of the local saints of the Perche area....
, Vaujours, Ussé
Üsse
Üsse is a village in Ridala Parish, Lääne County, in western Estonia....
and Vailly
Vailly
Vailly may refer to the following places in France:*Vailly, Aube, a commune in the Aube department*Vailly, Haute-Savoie, a commune in the Haute-Savoie department...
, son of Jean IV de Bueil
Jean IV de Bueil
Jean IV de Bueil was lord of Bueil-en-Touraine, son of Jean III de Bueil.He was a friend and counsellor of Louis I of Anjou. He was made general lieutenant of Guyenne, and Maître des arbalétriers of the French army in 1395. He married Margarete Dauphine of Auvergne, youngest daughter of Berald...
and Margarete Dauphine of Auvergne. He is the author of Le Jouvencel (c. 1466), a semi-autobiographical roman a clef based on his experiences during the latter part of the Hundred Years War.
Career
Jean de Bueil began his military career as a page of the Count of Narbonne and was present at the Battle of VerneuilBattle of Verneuil
The Battle of Verneuil was a battle of the Hundred Years' War, fought on 17 August 1424 near Verneuil in Normandy and was a significant English victory.-The black time:...
. Later he served under mercenary captain Étienne de Vignolles, known as La Hire. He was made captain of Tours
Tours
Tours is a city in central France, the capital of the Indre-et-Loire department.It is located on the lower reaches of the river Loire, between Orléans and the Atlantic coast. Touraine, the region around Tours, is known for its wines, the alleged perfection of its local spoken French, and for the...
in 1428, later captain general in Anjou
Anjou
Anjou is a former county , duchy and province centred on the city of Angers in the lower Loire Valley of western France. It corresponds largely to the present-day département of Maine-et-Loire...
and Maine. Together with Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc
Saint Joan of Arc, nicknamed "The Maid of Orléans" , is a national heroine of France and a Roman Catholic saint. A peasant girl born in eastern France who claimed divine guidance, she led the French army to several important victories during the Hundred Years' War, which paved the way for the...
, he successfully completed the siege of Orleans
Siege of Orléans
The Siege of Orléans marked a turning point in the Hundred Years' War between France and England. This was Joan of Arc's first major military victory and the first major French success to follow the crushing defeat at Agincourt in 1415. The outset of this siege marked the pinnacle of English power...
. In September 1432 he assaulted Les Ponts-de-Cé
Les Ponts-de-Cé
Les Ponts-de-Cé is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.Les Ponts-de-Cé is in the suburbs of Angers.-History:In September 1432, during the Hundred Years' War, the routiers of Rodrigo de Villandrando, in the pay of Georges de la Trémoille, held Les Ponts-de-Cé against the...
but failed to take it from the routiers
Routiers
The routiers were mercenaries associated with free companies who terrorized the French countryside during the Hundred Years War. The word routier is French for "road-man", referring to their travelling nature. -Background:Routiers were a product of their time...
of Rodrigo de Villandrando
Rodrigo de Villandrando
Rodrigo de Villandrando was a Spanish routier from Castile and mercenary military leader in Gascony during the final phase of the Hundred Years' War...
. He participated with the Dauphin Louis in a campaign against the Swiss in 1444 and was present at the battle of St. Jakob an der Birs
Battle of St. Jakob an der Birs
The Battle of St. Jakob an der Birs was fought between the Old Swiss Confederacy and French mercenaries , on the banks of the river Birs...
. He was engaged in the reconquest of Normandy from the English and became admiral of France
Admiral of France
The title Admiral of France is one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France, the naval equivalent of Marshal of France.The title was created in 1270 by Louis IX of France, during the Eighth Crusade. At the time it was equivalent to the office of Constable of France. The Admiral was responsible...
and captain of Cherbourg in 1450. In 1453, he was present at the Battle of Castillon
Battle of Castillon
The Battle of Castillon of 1453 was the last battle fought between the French and the English during the Hundred Years' War. It resulted in a decisive French victory.-Context:...
. In 1461, the new king Louis XI
Louis XI of France
Louis XI , called the Prudent , was the King of France from 1461 to 1483. He was the son of Charles VII of France and Mary of Anjou, a member of the House of Valois....
replaced de Bueil as Admiral with Jean de Montaubin, which began a rift which would lead to de Bueil joining the rebels during the War of the Public Weal in 1465. De Bueil was later reconciled to the king and was admitted to the Order of St. Michael in 1469
Le Jouvencel
Jean de Bueil wrote Le Jouvencel about 1466. De Bueil intended that the work should have a didactic purpose for young noblemen.. He therefore uses an Aristotelian structure to his work, dealing with the hero's career in three parts, which reflect three elements of governance or discipline; the young soldier learns about ethics and self-discipline, the military commander learns leadership of men and the regent learns the governance of a country. Le Jouvencel joins several medieval military literature traditions; chivalric romance, treatises on chivalry and manuals on warfare. De Bueil draws upon earlier writers such as Honoré BonetHonoré Bonet
Honoré Bonet was an Provençal heraldist, the prior of Salon near Embrun.Bonet was a heraldist from Provence. He studied at the Avignon University where he received a doctorate and traveled around France and Aragon. In his work Arbre des Batailles Bonet dealt with heraldry. He was deeply...
and Christine de Pizan
Christine de Pizan
Christine de Pizan was a Venetian-born late medieval author who challenged misogyny and stereotypes prevalent in the male-dominated medieval culture. As a poet, she was well known and highly regarded in her own day; she completed 41 works during her 30 year career , and can be regarded as...
but also on his own military experience. In so doing, he gives a rounded image of how a professional soldier thought about and practiced war at the end of the Middle Ages.
Le Jouvencel has been widely quoted by modern scholars of chivalry and medieval warfare. Traditionally, this has focussed on his writings on the nature of military life. He viewed the life of arms to be enobling in itself and, indeed, in some way, a route to salvation. He is perhaps most quoted for his view on comradeship in arms
In recent times, greater attention has begun to be given to the practical examples given in the text, for example, how to conduct a raid or how to order an army on the march