Jean Dubuisson
Encyclopedia
Jean Dubuisson was a French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 architect
Architect
An architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...

 who is regarded as one of the leading practitioners of the French post-World War II years.

Biography

Jean René Julien Dubuisson was born in Lille
Lille
Lille is a city in northern France . It is the principal city of the Lille Métropole, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in the country behind those of Paris, Lyon and Marseille. Lille is situated on the Deûle River, near France's border with Belgium...

, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

. He was the son of the architect Émile Dubuisson (1873-1947).

He began his architecture studies in the École des Beaux Arts in Lille, before continuing at the École des Beaux Arts in Paris. He received his diploma in 1939, in the studio of Emmanuel Pontremoli. He was Second Grand Prix de Rome in 1943 and First Grand Prix de Rome in 1945, following which he lived in Rome, in the Villa Medici, and in Athens from 1946 to 1949. Upon returning to France, he joined in the rebuilding of France after the massive destruction during World War II.

His submission in the Strasbourg competition of 1951, won by Eugène Beaudouin, secured him a place as one of the limited number of architects commissioned by the national government to build housing projects.

Beyond a classical culture gained at the École des Beaux Arts and on his travels in Italy and Greece, Dubuisson was strongly influenced by Mies van der Rohe, Arne Jacobsen
Arne Jacobsen
Arne Emil Jacobsen, usually known as Arne Jacobsen, was a Danish architect and designer. He is remembered for contributing so much to architectural Functionalism as well as for the worldwide success he enjoyed with simple but effective chair designs.-Early life and education:Arne Jacobsen was born...

, and Walter Gropius
Walter Gropius
Walter Adolph Georg Gropius was a German architect and founder of the Bauhaus School who, along with Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier, is widely regarded as one of the pioneering masters of modern architecture....

. His numerous projects are characterized by the search for a personal language to resolve the drastic constraints of the immense programs of the time. He alone designed approximately 20,000 units of social housing.

Dubuisson is remembered as one of the major figures of the post-World War II period in France, especially as related to housing: the Shape Village in Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Saint-Germain-en-Laye is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France. It is located in the western suburbs of Paris from the centre.Inhabitants are called Saint-Germanois...

 (1951-1952), La Caravelle in Villeneuve-la-Garenne
Villeneuve-la-Garenne
Villeneuve-la-Garenne is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris in the Hauts-de-Seine department in the Île-de-France region.-History:...

 (1959-1967) and the apartment blocks of Maine-Montparnasse in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

 (1959-1964). He is also known for the National Museum of Folk Arts and Traditions in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

 He won the Grand Prix National de l'Architecture in 1996.

His son is designer Sylvain Dubuisson (born in 1946).

Selected buildings

  • 1948: Botanical Garden in Lille
    Lille
    Lille is a city in northern France . It is the principal city of the Lille Métropole, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in the country behind those of Paris, Lyon and Marseille. Lille is situated on the Deûle River, near France's border with Belgium...

  • 1951: SHAPE Village in Saint-Germain-en-Laye
    Saint-Germain-en-Laye
    Saint-Germain-en-Laye is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France. It is located in the western suburbs of Paris from the centre.Inhabitants are called Saint-Germanois...

     (Yvelines
    Yvelines
    Yvelines is a French department in the region of Île-de-France.-History:Yvelines was created from the western part of the defunct department of Seine-et-Oise on 1 January 1968 in accordance with a law passed on 10 January 1964 and a décret d'application from 26 February 1965.It gained the...

    ) (263 units)
  • 1952-1956: "Résidence du parc" housing project in rue Lacépède in Croix (Nord)
  • 1953: Housing project in the railway station neighborhood and rue de la Marne in Saint-Lô
    Saint-Lô
    Saint-Lô is a commune in north-western France, the capital of the Manche department in Normandy.-History:Originally called Briovère , the town is built on and around ramparts. Originally it was a Gaul fortified settlement...

  • 1954-1962: "Les Hauts-Champs" and "Terrains Cavrois" housing projects in Roubaix
    Roubaix
    Roubaix is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. It is located between the cities of Lille and Tourcoing.The Gare de Roubaix railway station offers connections to Lille, Tourcoing, Antwerp, Ostend and Paris.-Culture:...

  • 1955-1964: Housing project in les Basses-Terres in Pierrefitte
    Pierrefitte
    Pierrefitte is the name of several communes in France:*Pierrefitte, Corrèze*Pierrefitte, Creuse*Pierrefitte, Deux-Sèvres*Pierrefitte, VosgesIt is also part of the name of several communes:*Pierrefitte-en-Auge, in the Calvados département...

    -Stains
    Stains
    Stains is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.-Heraldry:-Transport:Stains is served by Pierrefitte – Stains station on Paris RER line D...

     (Seine-Saint-Denis
    Seine-Saint-Denis
    - Culture :A number of hip hop artists come from the Seine-Saint-Denis, including one of the first major hip-hop groups in France, NTM, as well as Lord Kossity, or more recent acts such as Tandem or Sefyu.- Miscellaneous topics :...

    )
  • 1957-1973: Crédit Lyonnais Tower, in la Défense
    La Défense
    La Défense is a major business district of the Paris aire urbaine. With a population of 20,000, it is centered in an orbital motorway straddling the Hauts-de-Seine département municipalities of Nanterre, Courbevoie and Puteaux...

    , Puteaux
    Puteaux
    Puteaux is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. It is located in the heart of the Hauts-de-Seine department from the center of Paris....

     (demolished)
  • 1958-1966: Mouchotte building in rue du Commandant-René-Mouchotte in Paris
    Paris
    Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

  • 1959-1967: Housing project in La Caravelle in Villeneuve-la-Garenne
    Villeneuve-la-Garenne
    Villeneuve-la-Garenne is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris in the Hauts-de-Seine department in the Île-de-France region.-History:...

  • 1961-1964: Cormontaigne residence in Thionville
    Thionville
    Thionville , is a commune in the Moselle department in Lorraine in north-eastern France. The city is located on the left bank of the river Moselle, opposite its suburb Yutz.-Demographics:...

  • 1961-1967: Parc Saint-Maur residence in rue Réaumur in Lille
    Lille
    Lille is a city in northern France . It is the principal city of the Lille Métropole, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in the country behind those of Paris, Lyon and Marseille. Lille is situated on the Deûle River, near France's border with Belgium...

     (726 units)
  • 1962 : Building at 63 avenue de la Bourdonnais in Paris
    Paris
    Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

     with Michel Jausserand et Olivier Vaudou
  • 1962-1980: "Les Hauts de Chambéry
    Chambéry
    Chambéry is a city in the department of Savoie, located in the Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France.It is the capital of the department and has been the historical capital of the Savoy region since the 13th century, when Amadeus V of Savoy made the city his seat of power.-Geography:Chambéry...

    " urban development
  • 1964-1973: Borny urban development in Metz
    Metz
    Metz is a city in the northeast of France located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers.Metz is the capital of the Lorraine region and prefecture of the Moselle department. Located near the tripoint along the junction of France, Germany, and Luxembourg, Metz forms a central place...

  • 1964: Saint-Louis Church in Belfort
    Belfort
    Belfort is a commune in the Territoire de Belfort department in Franche-Comté in northeastern France and is the prefecture of the department. It is located on the Savoureuse, on the strategically important natural route between the Rhine and the Rhône – the Belfort Gap or Burgundian Gate .-...

  • 1964-1967: "Les Érables" housing in la Duchère, Lyon
    Lyon
    Lyon , is a city in east-central France in the Rhône-Alpes region, situated between Paris and Marseille. Lyon is located at from Paris, from Marseille, from Geneva, from Turin, and from Barcelona. The residents of the city are called Lyonnais....

  • 1965-1977: CFS headquarters in Rocquencourt
    Rocquencourt
    Rocquencourt is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France.It is mostly known for:* hosting a research unit of INRIA ;...

    , Yvelines
    Yvelines
    Yvelines is a French department in the region of Île-de-France.-History:Yvelines was created from the western part of the defunct department of Seine-et-Oise on 1 January 1968 in accordance with a law passed on 10 January 1964 and a décret d'application from 26 February 1965.It gained the...

  • 1966-1970: André-Weill residential building in Pontpoint
    Pontpoint
    Pontpoint is a town in northern France. It is designated municipally as a commune within the département of Oise.-External links:* * *...

    , Oise
    Oise
    Oise is a department in the north of France. It is named after the river Oise.-History:Oise is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790...

  • 1967: High school (currently Madame de Staël High School) in Montluçon
    Montluçon
    Montluçon is a commune in central France. It is the largest commune in the Allier department, although the department's préfecture is located in the smaller town of Moulins. Its inhabitants are known as Montluçonnais...

  • 1969: National Museum of Folk Arts and Traditions in the Bois de Boulogne
    Bois de Boulogne
    The Bois de Boulogne is a park located along the western edge of the 16th arrondissement of Paris, near the suburb of Boulogne-Billancourt and Neuilly-sur-Seine...

    , Paris
    Paris
    Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

  • 1969: Exhibition pavillion at the Parc des Expositions de Lac, Bordeaux
    Bordeaux
    Bordeaux is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.The Bordeaux-Arcachon-Libourne metropolitan area, has a population of 1,010,000 and constitutes the sixth-largest urban area in France. It is the capital of the Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture...

     in collaboration with Francisque Perrier
  • 1969: Athéna Port Residence, 1390 boulevard des Graviers, Bandol
    Bandol
    Bandol is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.-References:*...

    , Var
    Var
    Var, VAR, VAr, VaR or var can mean:VAR* Varna Airport IATA airport code* Vacuum arc remelting, a process for production of steel and special alloys...

     
  • 1969-1971: Advisory architect for the building of the Saint-Laurent nuclear plant in Saint-Laurent-Nouan
    Saint-Laurent-Nouan
    Saint-Laurent-Nouan is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher department of central France.-History:Saint-Laurent-Nouan was formed in 1972 from the merger of the two former communes, Saint-Laurent-des-Eaux and Nouan-sur-Loire.-References:*...

    , Loir-et-Cher
    Loir-et-Cher
    Loir-et-Cher is a département in north-central France named after the rivers Loir and Cher.-History:Loir-et-Cher is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Orléanais and...

    , in collaboration with Jean de Mailly
    Jean de Mailly
    Jean Pierier of Mailly, called Jean de Mailly, was a Dominican chronicler working in Metz in the mid-13th century. In his Latin chronicle of the Diocese of Metz, Chronica universalis Mettensis, the fable of Pope Joan first appears in written form....

    .
  • 1972: Porte-Verte housing project, 13 avenue du Général-Pershing, in Versailles
    Versailles
    Versailles , a city renowned for its château, the Palace of Versailles, was the de facto capital of the kingdom of France for over a century, from 1682 to 1789. It is now a wealthy suburb of Paris and remains an important administrative and judicial centre...

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