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Jayapura City (. West Papuan: Port Numbai) is the capital of Papua province, Indonesia
Indonesia

The Republic of Indonesia , is a transcontinental country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Comprising Islands of Indonesia, it is the world's largest Archipelago state....
, on the island of New Guinea
New Guinea

New Guinea, located just north of Australia, is the List of islands by area, having become separated from the Australian mainland when the area now known as the Torres Strait flooded after the last glacial period....
. It is situated on Yos Sudarso Bay (formerly known as Humboldt Bay). Its approximate population in 2002 was 200,000.

From 1910 to 1962 the city was known as Hollandia and was the capital of a district of the same name in the northeast of West New Guinea.






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Jayapura Workers Mural
Jayapura City (. West Papuan: Port Numbai) is the capital of Papua province, Indonesia
Indonesia

The Republic of Indonesia , is a transcontinental country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Comprising Islands of Indonesia, it is the world's largest Archipelago state....
, on the island of New Guinea
New Guinea

New Guinea, located just north of Australia, is the List of islands by area, having become separated from the Australian mainland when the area now known as the Torres Strait flooded after the last glacial period....
. It is situated on Yos Sudarso Bay (formerly known as Humboldt Bay). Its approximate population in 2002 was 200,000.

From 1910 to 1962 the city was known as Hollandia and was the capital of a district of the same name in the northeast of West New Guinea. It was briefly called Kota Baru and Sukarnopura before assuming its present name in 1968. The literal meaning of Jayapura, as of Jaipur
Jaipur

Jaipur , also popularly known as the Pink City, is the capital of Rajasthan States and territories of India, India. Historically rendered as Jeypore, Jaipur is the former capital of the princely state of Jaipur State....
 in Rajasthan, is 'City of Victory' (Sanskrit
Sanskrit

Sanskrit is a historical Indo-Aryan language, one of the liturgical languages of Hinduism and Buddhism, and one of the 22 official languages of India....
 jaya: "military victory"; pura: "city").

History

The northern part of Dutch New Guinea was occupied by Japanese
Empire of Japan

The Empire of Japan was a Japanese political entity that existed during the period from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 until its defeat in World War II in 1945....
 forces in 1942. Allied
Allies of World War II

The Allies of World War II were the countries officially opposed to the Axis powers of World War II during the World War II. Within the ranks of the Allies powers, the British Empire, the Soviet Union, and the United States of America were known as "The Big Three"....
 forces drove out the Japanese after amphibious landings near Hollandia
Operations Reckless and Persecution

Operation Reckless and Operation Persecution, April 21?27, 1944, also known as the invasion of Hollandia, the Hollandia landings and the Battle of Hollandia, were Allies of World War II amphibious landings which commenced the Western New Guinea campaign....
, from April 21, 1944. The area served as General Douglas MacArthur's
Douglas MacArthur

General of the Army Douglas MacArthur, Order of the Bath was an United States General officer, United Nations general and Field Marshal of the Philippine Army....
 headquarters until the conquest of the Philippines
Philippines

The Philippines, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines, is a country in Southeast Asia with Manila as its capital city. It comprises 7,107 islands in the western Pacific Ocean....
 in March 1945. Over twenty U.S. bases were established and half a million US personnel moved through the area.

In 1945, the Dutch
Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
 made Hollandia the capital of Netherlands New Guinea
Netherlands New Guinea

Netherlands New Guinea was the official name of Western New Guinea while it was a colonial possession of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It was commonly known as Dutch New Guinea....
. After the territory was handed over to the United Nations
United Nations

The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, Social change, human rights and achieving world peace....
, on October 1, 1962, the city became known by the Indonesian
Indonesian language

Indonesian is the official national language of Indonesia. It is based on a version of Malay language from the Riau islands in western Indonesia, today called Riau Indonesian....
 name Kota Baru, and retained the name when Indonesia took control, on May 1, 1963. The city was briefly renamed Sukarnopura, after President Sukarno
Sukarno

Sukarno, born Kusno Sosrodihardjo was the first President of Indonesia. He helped the country win its independence from Netherlands and was President from 1945 to 1967, presiding with mixed success over the country's turbulent transition to independence....
, until the end of 1968, when it acquired its present name.

Religious History

On May 12, 1949, the Apostolic Prefecture of Hollandia was established in the city. In 1963, it was renamed as the Apostolic Vicariate of Kota Baru. In 1964, it was again renamed as the Apostolic Vicariate of Sukarnapura. It was promoted in 1966 as the Diocese of Sukarnapura, renamed in 1969 as the Diocese of Djajapura, and finally renamed in 1973 as the Diocese of Jayapura.

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