James Atkinson (Persian scholar)
Encyclopedia
James Atkinson was a surgeon, artist and Persian scholar - "a Renaissance man among Anglo-Indians"
, County Durham
, England, the son of a woolcomber. He showed at an early age a remarkable gift for languages and portraiture and was enabled by the kindness of a friend to study medicine at Edinburgh
and London
. He first sailed to India in 1802 as Surgeon’s Mate
on board a ship of the Honourable East India Company (HEIC). On his second trip in 1805 he was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the Bengal service of the HEIC and placed in medical charge of the station of Backergunj
near Dacca in present day Bangaladesh.
It was whilst at Backergunj that he began his study of Persian and other oriental languages. He became a close friend of Sir Charles D’Oyly
who was the Collector
of Dacca (1808–1812) and a keen amateur artist. George Chinnery
stayed with D’Oyly during this period and both D’Oyly and Atkinson became his pupils becoming heavily influenced by his passion for painting Indian landscapes and village life.
, the Governor General of India, who invited Atkinson to Calcutta in 1812 where he was appointed Assistant to the Assay Master at the Calcutta Mint
(appointed Deputy Assay Master in 1818). The Assay Master was Horace Hayman Wilson
http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait.php?search=sp&sText=james+atkinson&page=1&rNo=1, the great orientalist and Secretary to the Asiatic Society of Bengal, who published the first Sanskrit
to English dictionary in 1819. For most of 1820 while Wilson was setting up the new Mint at Benares Atkinson worked alongside James Prinsep
, the antiquarian
and numismatist, at the Calcutta Mint.
The appointment at the Mint while not a sinecure as such afforded Atkinson a considerable amount of free time to pursue more academic pursuits. He published a ‘free’ translation of the poem Soohrab an extract from the Sha Nameh
by the Persian poet Firdausi in 1814; Hatim Ta’ee, an old romance in the Persian language in 1818 for the use of the students at Fort William College
where he held the Deputy Chair of Persian for that year; in 1819 The Aubid an eastern tale and in 1824 The City of Palaces, a collection of poems, the title of which became the epithet for Calcutta during the period of British rule.
Atkinson was a member of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, the Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta
and sat on the committee of the Chowringhee Theatre
.
Under Atkinson the Government Gazette continued to be a great success publishing two issues per week from 1823 and in 1827 it was the most widely circulated of all the English language newspapers in Bengal. The Government Gazette included local and national news including extracts from English newspapers and those of Bombay and Madras, letters from correspondents, information on the customs and manners of the people of India as well as occasionally translations of Sanskrit hymns and Persian poetry. For the years 1825-1828 Atkinson leased the Press and the Government Gazette from the Orphan Society for an annual fee of 40,000 rupees effectively becoming its proprietor to run as his own business.
http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait.php?search=sp&sText=james+atkinson&page=1&rNo=4 concerning Atkinson’s role at the Government Gazette and he spent the next five years in England. It was at this time he took the opportunity to translate an abridged version of the Sha Nameh
of the Persian poet Firdausi in prose and verse published in 1832 which won the gold medal of the Oriental Translation Fund
. This was the first translation in to English of the Persian ‘Epic of Kings’. In the same year he published Customs and Manners of the Women of Persia, and their domestic superstitions, translated from the original Persian manuscript (Kitábi Kulsúm Nanch).
In 1833 he returned to India resuming his former profession of Surgeon with the HEIC, during which time he had published a translation of Nizami Ganjavi’s Laili and Majnun and Makhzan ul Asrar, the Treasury of Secrets by the Oriental Translation Fund in 1836.
e on its ill-fated expedition in to Afghanistan
to replace the unpopular and weak, but pro-British, Shah Shoojah-ool-Moolk
on the throne and oust Dost Mohamed Khan
who had been making political overtures to the Russians. Atkinson was present at the storming of Ghuznee
in July 1839 and the eventual capture of Kabul
shortly after in the First Afghan War; for his part he was awarded the Order of the Dooranee Empire
(3rd class). Atkinson was recalled to India in December 1840 to take up his post as Superintending Surgeon of the Cawnpore Division and thus avoided the fate
of the remaining British garrison which was destroyed whilst attempting to withdraw to Jellalabad in the winter of 1841.
Atkinson published his journals of his involvement in the campaign in 1842 in The Expedition into Affghanistan, including a background to the conflict, his own journey across northern India to join the Army and his return, the hardship endured by the Army and its followers through the harsh terrain of Afghanistan beset by Beloochee tribesmen and also of the time he spent in Kabul. He writes of the history of the land, its buildings and people, having met and painted many of the protagonists in the campaign, including both Shah Shoojah-ool-Moolk and Dost Mohammad Khan. He realised the impossibility of controlling a country like Afghanistan in his line “Like Sisyphus
, we have rolled up the huge stone to the top of the mountain, and if we do not keep it there, our labour will be lost”. The same year Atkinson published Sketches in Afghaunistan, a folio of 25 tinted lithographed plates showing the topography and landscapes of Afghanistan and the Punjab creating an important record of “what was then an unexplored country”. Atkinson had planned a second volume but the 'worked up' paintings were lost at sea en route to his British publisher where they were to be engraved; the original sketches he had prepared on the spot however are in the British Library
. http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/other/019wdz000001347u00001000.html
, London.
printed by J Denovan for R Phillips & W Glendinning, Booksellers London. Edinburgh 1801
Soohrab, a poem, from the original Persian of Firdousee, being a portion of the Shahnama of that celebrated poet; published under the sanction of the College of Fort William. Printed for the author and sold by Smith, Elder & Co. London 1814
Antiquities of Dacca, with engravings by J Landseer from drawings by Sir C D'Oyly; published by John Landseer 1816. James Atkinson wrote the descriptive text.
Hatim Ta’ee, an old romance in the Persian language; edited, revised and published with the approbation of the College Council, for the use of the junior students in the College of Fort William, 1818
First Canto of Ricciardetto; Calcutta, 1818
The Aubid, an eastern tale; Printed for Black, Kingsbury, Parbury and Allen, Leadenhall Street, London, 1819
Ricciarda, a tragedy in five acts from the Italian of Ugo Foscolo; Calcutta, W M Thacker & Co, 1823
The City of Palaces, a fragment and other poems; printed at the Government Gazette Press, Calcutta, November 1824
Prospectus of The Calcutta Liberal – postscript; Calcutta August 1, 1824
La secchia rapita, or, The rape of the bucket an heroic-comical poem in twelve cantos. Translated from the Italian of Alessandro Tassoni, with notes; published by J M Richardson, Cornhill 1825. Printed by Botson and Palmer, Savoy Street, Strand.
Tom Raw, the Griffin: a Burlesque Poem in Twelve Cantos Illustrated by Twenty-Five Engravings Descriptive of the Adventures of a Cadet in the East India Company's Service, from the Period of His Quitting England to His Obtaining a Staff Situation; printed for R Ackermann, 1828, London. By a civilian and an officer on the Bengal establishment. The drawings were by Sir Charles D'Oyly and the verses by James Atkinson.
Description of The New Process of Perforating and Destroying The Stone in The Bladder; printed for S Highley, 32 Fleet Street and Webb Street, Maze Pond, Borough.
Printed by J L Cox, Great Queen Street, Lincoln’s-Inn Fields. London, June 1831
The Sha Nameh of the Persian Poet Firdausi, translated and abridged in prose and verse with notes and illustrations; printed for the Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. Sold by John Murray, Albemarle Street; and Parbury, Allen & Co Leadenhall Street, 1832
Customs and Manners of the Women of Persia, and their domestic superstitions, translated from the original Persian manuscript (Kitábi Kulsúm Nanch); Oriental Translation Fund. Printed by J L Cox and Son, Great Queen Street, Lincoln’s-Inn Fields. London October 1832
The Loves of Laili and Majnun, a poem, from the original Persian of Nazami; published under the superintendence of the Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by A J Valpy, MA publisher to the Oriental Translation Fund, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, London 1836
Makhzan ul Asrar, the Treasury of Secrets, a Poem; a translation from the poet Nazami, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland, London 1836
The Expedition into Affghanistan: notes and sketches descriptive of the country, contained in a personal narrative during the campaign of 1839 & 1840, etc.; published by W H Allen & Co, London, 1842.
Sketches in Afghaunistan; published by H Graves & Co, London, 1842
Early life
Atkinson was born in DarlingtonDarlington
Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, part of the ceremonial county of County Durham, England. It lies on the small River Skerne, a tributary of the River Tees, not far from the main river. It is the main population centre in the borough, with a population of 97,838 as of 2001...
, County Durham
County Durham
County Durham is a ceremonial county and unitary district in north east England. The county town is Durham. The largest settlement in the ceremonial county is the town of Darlington...
, England, the son of a woolcomber. He showed at an early age a remarkable gift for languages and portraiture and was enabled by the kindness of a friend to study medicine at Edinburgh
Edinburgh
Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland, the second largest city in Scotland, and the eighth most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council governs one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a rural area...
and London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
. He first sailed to India in 1802 as Surgeon’s Mate
Surgeon's mate
A surgeon's mate was a rank in the Royal Navy for a medically trained assistant to the ship's surgeon. The rank was renamed assistant surgeon in 1805, and was considered equivalent to the rank of master's mate/mate...
on board a ship of the Honourable East India Company (HEIC). On his second trip in 1805 he was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the Bengal service of the HEIC and placed in medical charge of the station of Backergunj
Backergunje
Backergunje, Backergunge, Bakarganj, or Bakerganj was a former district of British India in the Dacca division of Eastern Bengal and Assam, and is now mostly in Bangladesh...
near Dacca in present day Bangaladesh.
It was whilst at Backergunj that he began his study of Persian and other oriental languages. He became a close friend of Sir Charles D’Oyly
Sir Charles D'Oyly, 7th Baronet
Charles D'Oyly , was a public official and painter from Dhaka who produced numerous images on Indian subject matter.He was born in India on 17 September 1781. His father, Baron Sir John Hedley D'Oyly, was the resident of the Company at the Court of Nawab Babar Ali of Murshidabad. D'Oyly went to...
who was the Collector
District collector
The District Collector is the district head of administration of the bureaucracy in a state of India. Though he/she is appointed and is under general supervision of the state government, he/she has to be a member of the elite IAS recruited by the Central Government...
of Dacca (1808–1812) and a keen amateur artist. George Chinnery
George Chinnery
George Chinnery was an English painter who spent most of his life in Asia, especially India and southern China.- Early life :Chinnery was born in London, where he studied at the Royal Academy Schools...
stayed with D’Oyly during this period and both D’Oyly and Atkinson became his pupils becoming heavily influenced by his passion for painting Indian landscapes and village life.
Calcutta
It was Atkinson's proficiency with languages that brought him to the attention of The Lord MintoGilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto
Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto PC , known as Sir Gilbert Elliott between 1777 and 1797 and as The Lord Minto between 1797 and 1813, was a Scottish politician diplomat....
, the Governor General of India, who invited Atkinson to Calcutta in 1812 where he was appointed Assistant to the Assay Master at the Calcutta Mint
India Government Mint, Kolkata
The India Government Mint, Kolkata was first established in 1757, and was located in a building next to the Black Hole in the old fort - where the GPO stands today. It was called the Calcutta Mint and used to produce coins with the mint name. Murshidabad-Second Mint:The second Calcutta Mint was...
(appointed Deputy Assay Master in 1818). The Assay Master was Horace Hayman Wilson
Horace Hayman Wilson
Horace Hayman Wilson was an English orientalist.He studied medicine at St Thomas's Hospital, and went out to India in 1808 as assistant-surgeon on the Bengal establishment of the British East India Company....
http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait.php?search=sp&sText=james+atkinson&page=1&rNo=1, the great orientalist and Secretary to the Asiatic Society of Bengal, who published the first Sanskrit
Sanskrit
Sanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...
to English dictionary in 1819. For most of 1820 while Wilson was setting up the new Mint at Benares Atkinson worked alongside James Prinsep
James Prinsep
James Prinsep was an Anglo-Indian scholar and antiquary. He was the seventh son of John Prinsep, a wealthy East India merchant and Member of Parliament....
, the antiquarian
Antiquarian
An antiquarian or antiquary is an aficionado or student of antiquities or things of the past. More specifically, the term is used for those who study history with particular attention to ancient objects of art or science, archaeological and historic sites, or historic archives and manuscripts...
and numismatist, at the Calcutta Mint.
The appointment at the Mint while not a sinecure as such afforded Atkinson a considerable amount of free time to pursue more academic pursuits. He published a ‘free’ translation of the poem Soohrab an extract from the Sha Nameh
Shahnameh
The Shahnameh or Shah-nama is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between c.977 and 1010 AD and is the national epic of Iran and related societies...
by the Persian poet Firdausi in 1814; Hatim Ta’ee, an old romance in the Persian language in 1818 for the use of the students at Fort William College
Fort William College
Fort William College was an academy and learning centre of Oriental studies established by Lord Wellesley, then Governor-General of British India. It was founded on July 10, 1800 within the Fort William complex in Calcutta...
where he held the Deputy Chair of Persian for that year; in 1819 The Aubid an eastern tale and in 1824 The City of Palaces, a collection of poems, the title of which became the epithet for Calcutta during the period of British rule.
Atkinson was a member of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, the Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta
Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta
The Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta was a society of British officials, mostly physicians, formed on March 1, 1823. The society published a quarterly journal and met at the Asiatic Society. The journal published articles on diseases prevailing in India and their links with environment and...
and sat on the committee of the Chowringhee Theatre
Chowringhee
Chowringhee is a neighbourhood in central Kolkata, earlier known as Calcutta, in the Indian state of West Bengal. Jawaharlal Nehru Road runs on its western side...
.
Government Gazette
Atkinson was also Editor of the Calcutta Gazette, one of the earliest English language newspapers in India being founded in 1784. It was a weekly newspaper which had the exclusive rights of publishing Government announcements and advertisements affording it an increased circulation and the potential of increased advertising revenues from other sources. In 1815 the Government transferred these rights to the Bengal Military Orphan Society in order to provide an income for the charity as well as providing the orphans with a potential trade. The new paper was named the Government Gazette and was thenceforth printed from the Orphan Society’s Press. Atkinson became the Editor of the new Government Gazette in 1815 and in 1817 the Superintendent of the Press.Under Atkinson the Government Gazette continued to be a great success publishing two issues per week from 1823 and in 1827 it was the most widely circulated of all the English language newspapers in Bengal. The Government Gazette included local and national news including extracts from English newspapers and those of Bombay and Madras, letters from correspondents, information on the customs and manners of the people of India as well as occasionally translations of Sanskrit hymns and Persian poetry. For the years 1825-1828 Atkinson leased the Press and the Government Gazette from the Orphan Society for an annual fee of 40,000 rupees effectively becoming its proprietor to run as his own business.
Epic of Kings
In 1829 Atkinson left India after a disagreement with the newly arrived Governor General Lord BentinckLord William Bentinck
Lieutenant-General Lord William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck GCB, GCH, PC , known as Lord William Bentinck, was a British soldier and statesman...
http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait.php?search=sp&sText=james+atkinson&page=1&rNo=4 concerning Atkinson’s role at the Government Gazette and he spent the next five years in England. It was at this time he took the opportunity to translate an abridged version of the Sha Nameh
Shahnameh
The Shahnameh or Shah-nama is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between c.977 and 1010 AD and is the national epic of Iran and related societies...
of the Persian poet Firdausi in prose and verse published in 1832 which won the gold medal of the Oriental Translation Fund
Royal Asiatic Society
The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland was established, according to its Royal Charter of 11 August 1824, to further "the investigation of subjects connected with and for the encouragement of science, literature and the arts in relation to Asia." From its incorporation the Society...
. This was the first translation in to English of the Persian ‘Epic of Kings’. In the same year he published Customs and Manners of the Women of Persia, and their domestic superstitions, translated from the original Persian manuscript (Kitábi Kulsúm Nanch).
In 1833 he returned to India resuming his former profession of Surgeon with the HEIC, during which time he had published a translation of Nizami Ganjavi’s Laili and Majnun and Makhzan ul Asrar, the Treasury of Secrets by the Oriental Translation Fund in 1836.
Afghanistan
In 1838 he was appointed Superintending Surgeon of the Army of the Indus, Bengal Division. He proceeded with the Army under Sir John KeanJohn Keane, 1st Baron Keane
John Keane, 1st Baron Keane, GCB, GCH was a British soldier.Keane was born in Belmont, Ireland, the second son of Sir John Keane, 1st Baronet. He joined the British Army as an Ensign at age 11 in 1792. He rose the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the 60th Foot and commanded a brigade in the...
e on its ill-fated expedition in to Afghanistan
Afghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
to replace the unpopular and weak, but pro-British, Shah Shoojah-ool-Moolk
Shuja Shah Durrani
Shuja Shah Durrani was ruler of the Durrani Empire from 1803 to 1809. He then ruled from 1839 until his death in 1842. Shuja Shah was of the Sadozai line of the Abdali group of Pashtuns...
on the throne and oust Dost Mohamed Khan
Dost Mohammad Khan
Dost Mohammad Khan was the Emir of Afghanistan between 1826 and 1863. He first ruled from 1826 to 1839 and then from 1843 to 1863. He was the 11th son of Sardar Pāyendah Khan who was killed by Zaman Shah Durrani in 1799...
who had been making political overtures to the Russians. Atkinson was present at the storming of Ghuznee
Battle of Ghazni
The Battle of Ghazni took place in city of Ghazni in central Afghanistan on July 23, 1839 during the First Anglo-Afghan War.-Prelude:...
in July 1839 and the eventual capture of Kabul
Kabul
Kabul , spelt Caubul in some classic literatures, is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan. It is also the capital of the Kabul Province, located in the eastern section of Afghanistan...
shortly after in the First Afghan War; for his part he was awarded the Order of the Dooranee Empire
Order of the Dooranee Empire
The Order of the Dooranee Empire was awarded to British field officers and above during the First Afghan War by Shah Shoojah-ool-Moolk of Afghanistan in gratitude for his restoration to the throne....
(3rd class). Atkinson was recalled to India in December 1840 to take up his post as Superintending Surgeon of the Cawnpore Division and thus avoided the fate
Massacre of Elphinstone's Army
The Massacre of Elphinstone's Army was the destruction by Afghan forces, led by Akbar Khan, the son of Dost Mohammad Khan, of a combined British and Indian force of the British East India Company, led by Major General William Elphinstone, in January 1842....
of the remaining British garrison which was destroyed whilst attempting to withdraw to Jellalabad in the winter of 1841.
Atkinson published his journals of his involvement in the campaign in 1842 in The Expedition into Affghanistan, including a background to the conflict, his own journey across northern India to join the Army and his return, the hardship endured by the Army and its followers through the harsh terrain of Afghanistan beset by Beloochee tribesmen and also of the time he spent in Kabul. He writes of the history of the land, its buildings and people, having met and painted many of the protagonists in the campaign, including both Shah Shoojah-ool-Moolk and Dost Mohammad Khan. He realised the impossibility of controlling a country like Afghanistan in his line “Like Sisyphus
Sisyphus
In Greek mythology Sisyphus was a king punished by being compelled to roll an immense boulder up a hill, only to watch it roll back down, and to repeat this throughout eternity...
, we have rolled up the huge stone to the top of the mountain, and if we do not keep it there, our labour will be lost”. The same year Atkinson published Sketches in Afghaunistan, a folio of 25 tinted lithographed plates showing the topography and landscapes of Afghanistan and the Punjab creating an important record of “what was then an unexplored country”. Atkinson had planned a second volume but the 'worked up' paintings were lost at sea en route to his British publisher where they were to be engraved; the original sketches he had prepared on the spot however are in the British Library
British Library
The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom, and is the world's largest library in terms of total number of items. The library is a major research library, holding over 150 million items from every country in the world, in virtually all known languages and in many formats,...
. http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/other/019wdz000001347u00001000.html
Retirement
Atkinson became a member of the Medical Board in Calcutta in 1845 and was made Inspector General of Hospitals, he retired two years later after 45 years in the Company’s service and returned to England. He died on 7 August 1852 and was interred at Brompton CemeteryBrompton Cemetery
Brompton Cemetery is located near Earl's Court in South West London, England . It is managed by The Royal Parks and is one of the Magnificent Seven...
, London.
Marriage
Atkinson married Jane Bathie on 4 October 1815 at Fort William, Calcutta. Together they had four sons and one daughter: Frederick Dayot, Charles D’Oyly, George Francklin, Julia and James Augustus.Publications
Rodolpho, a poetical romance; dedicated to Lady Charlotte CampbellCharlotte Bury
Lady Charlotte Susan Maria Bury was an English novelist, who is chiefly remembered in connection with a Diary illustrative of the Times of George IV .-Life:...
printed by J Denovan for R Phillips & W Glendinning, Booksellers London. Edinburgh 1801
Soohrab, a poem, from the original Persian of Firdousee, being a portion of the Shahnama of that celebrated poet; published under the sanction of the College of Fort William. Printed for the author and sold by Smith, Elder & Co. London 1814
Antiquities of Dacca, with engravings by J Landseer from drawings by Sir C D'Oyly; published by John Landseer 1816. James Atkinson wrote the descriptive text.
Hatim Ta’ee, an old romance in the Persian language; edited, revised and published with the approbation of the College Council, for the use of the junior students in the College of Fort William, 1818
First Canto of Ricciardetto; Calcutta, 1818
The Aubid, an eastern tale; Printed for Black, Kingsbury, Parbury and Allen, Leadenhall Street, London, 1819
Ricciarda, a tragedy in five acts from the Italian of Ugo Foscolo; Calcutta, W M Thacker & Co, 1823
The City of Palaces, a fragment and other poems; printed at the Government Gazette Press, Calcutta, November 1824
Prospectus of The Calcutta Liberal – postscript; Calcutta August 1, 1824
La secchia rapita, or, The rape of the bucket an heroic-comical poem in twelve cantos. Translated from the Italian of Alessandro Tassoni, with notes; published by J M Richardson, Cornhill 1825. Printed by Botson and Palmer, Savoy Street, Strand.
Tom Raw, the Griffin: a Burlesque Poem in Twelve Cantos Illustrated by Twenty-Five Engravings Descriptive of the Adventures of a Cadet in the East India Company's Service, from the Period of His Quitting England to His Obtaining a Staff Situation; printed for R Ackermann, 1828, London. By a civilian and an officer on the Bengal establishment. The drawings were by Sir Charles D'Oyly and the verses by James Atkinson.
Description of The New Process of Perforating and Destroying The Stone in The Bladder; printed for S Highley, 32 Fleet Street and Webb Street, Maze Pond, Borough.
Printed by J L Cox, Great Queen Street, Lincoln’s-Inn Fields. London, June 1831
The Sha Nameh of the Persian Poet Firdausi, translated and abridged in prose and verse with notes and illustrations; printed for the Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. Sold by John Murray, Albemarle Street; and Parbury, Allen & Co Leadenhall Street, 1832
Customs and Manners of the Women of Persia, and their domestic superstitions, translated from the original Persian manuscript (Kitábi Kulsúm Nanch); Oriental Translation Fund. Printed by J L Cox and Son, Great Queen Street, Lincoln’s-Inn Fields. London October 1832
The Loves of Laili and Majnun, a poem, from the original Persian of Nazami; published under the superintendence of the Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by A J Valpy, MA publisher to the Oriental Translation Fund, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, London 1836
Makhzan ul Asrar, the Treasury of Secrets, a Poem; a translation from the poet Nazami, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland, London 1836
The Expedition into Affghanistan: notes and sketches descriptive of the country, contained in a personal narrative during the campaign of 1839 & 1840, etc.; published by W H Allen & Co, London, 1842.
Sketches in Afghaunistan; published by H Graves & Co, London, 1842