Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit
Encyclopedia
The Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit System is an ongoing transportation infrastructure project in Jakarta
, the capital city of Indonesia
. It consists of a partially elevated and partially underground railway system
. Construction of the first phase of the project is expected to start in the first quarter 2012 and is planned to be operational in 2016.
is the capital city of Indonesia
. It is an urban metropolis with over 8 million inhabitants. It is predicted that over four million residents of the surrounding Jabodetabek area commute in and out of the city each working day. As a growing megacity, transportation issues have significantly arisen and it has been estimated that in 2020, without a major transportation breakthrough, traffic jams will overwhelm the city and cost the city 65 billion rupiah. Since 1980, more than twenty-five general and special subject studies have been conducted related to Mass Rapid Transit in Jakarta. One of the major reasons for this lengthy process lies in the outbreak of the economic crisis in 1997. Before the crisis, a Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) scheme was considered for the MRT, calling for private sector involvement. After the crisis though, BOT implementation proved infeasible as a privately-funded venture, and the MRT Project was proposed again as a government-funded scheme.
Current public transportation in Jakarta consists of various types of buses, starting from the very small bemo and pickup sized mikrolet, to slightly larger minbuses
and full sized city buses
. There are also both two and four wheeled taxis
. Other current transport systems include the TransJakarta
bus rapid transit system and the Jabodetabek Commuter Railway
.
After completion of MRT Phase I and II, together with TransJakarta
will serve 60 percent total trips made by Jakartans.
, now merged into the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
. The loan number IP is 536 (signed November 2006) for engineering services. The engineering services loan is a pre-construction loan to prepare the construction phase. It consists of:
On March 31, 2009, Loan Agreement 2 (LA2) for the amount of 48,150 billion Yen to build the Jakarta MRT System was signed by the Indonesian Government (represented by the Indonesian Ambassador for Japan) and JICA in Tokyo
, Japan
. This loan is to be forwarded from the National Government to the Jakarta City Administration as a grant (on-granting agreement). After the signing of the granting agreement for LA2, city administration will propose another two loan agreements for LA3 and LA4 to the central government. These proposals will become a lending agreement for the local government. The total amount of LA3 and LA4 addressed as a loan by the local government is about 71867 billion yen. This amount is based on the progress, outcome and absorbance of LA2. The total loan package from JICA for the development of the Jakarta MRT system is worth a total of 120,017 billion yen.
Basic design for the first phase has been began in December 2010 and would be finished in February 2011 followed by tender process. Physical construction will be start as soon as possible in end of 2011 or early 2012.
Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...
, the capital city of Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
. It consists of a partially elevated and partially underground railway system
Rail transport
Rail transport is a means of conveyance of passengers and goods by way of wheeled vehicles running on rail tracks. In contrast to road transport, where vehicles merely run on a prepared surface, rail vehicles are also directionally guided by the tracks they run on...
. Construction of the first phase of the project is expected to start in the first quarter 2012 and is planned to be operational in 2016.
Background of the project
JakartaJakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...
is the capital city of Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
. It is an urban metropolis with over 8 million inhabitants. It is predicted that over four million residents of the surrounding Jabodetabek area commute in and out of the city each working day. As a growing megacity, transportation issues have significantly arisen and it has been estimated that in 2020, without a major transportation breakthrough, traffic jams will overwhelm the city and cost the city 65 billion rupiah. Since 1980, more than twenty-five general and special subject studies have been conducted related to Mass Rapid Transit in Jakarta. One of the major reasons for this lengthy process lies in the outbreak of the economic crisis in 1997. Before the crisis, a Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) scheme was considered for the MRT, calling for private sector involvement. After the crisis though, BOT implementation proved infeasible as a privately-funded venture, and the MRT Project was proposed again as a government-funded scheme.
Current public transportation in Jakarta consists of various types of buses, starting from the very small bemo and pickup sized mikrolet, to slightly larger minbuses
Minibus
A minibus or minicoach is a passenger carrying motor vehicle that is designed to carry more people than a multi-purpose vehicle or minivan, but fewer people than a full-size bus. In the United Kingdom, the word "minibus" is used to describe any full-sized passenger carrying van. Minibuses have a...
and full sized city buses
Bus
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker buses and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are...
. There are also both two and four wheeled taxis
Taxicab
A taxicab, also taxi or cab, is a type of vehicle for hire with a driver, used by a single passenger or small group of passengers, often for a non-shared ride. A taxicab conveys passengers between locations of their choice...
. Other current transport systems include the TransJakarta
TransJakarta
TransJakarta is a bus rapid transit system in Jakarta, Indonesia. It was the first BRT system in Southern and Southeast Asia. TransJakarta started on January 15, 2004. As of March 2011, there were 10 corridors in operation, with five more to be built...
bus rapid transit system and the Jabodetabek Commuter Railway
KRL Jabotabek
KRL Commuter Jabodetabek or simply KRL Jabodetabek is a mass rapid transit system in Jabodetabek, Indonesia. It is an acronym for Kereta Rel Listrik Jakarta Bogor Depok Tangerang Bekasi which can be loosely translated into Jabodetabek electrified rail. KRL Jabodetabek serves commuters in Jakarta,...
.
Lines
The rail-based Jakarta MRT is planned to stretch across + 108.7 kilometres, which includes the 21.7 kilometres for the North-South Corridor (From Lebak Bulus to Kampung Bandan) and 87 kilometres for East-West Corridor(From Balaraja to Cikarang).North-South corridor
The North-South corridor will be built in two phases.- Phase I, will be constructed in advance connects Lebak Bulus to Bundaran HI along 15.5 km including 13 stations (7 elevated stations and 6 underground stations). The Indonesian ministry of Transport approved this plan in September 2010 and invited tenders.
- Phase II, will extend the North-South line from Bundaran HI to Kampung Bandan (7 underground stations and 1 ground-level station), targeted to operate in 2018 (accelerated from 2020 as the original plan).
After completion of MRT Phase I and II, together with TransJakarta
TransJakarta
TransJakarta is a bus rapid transit system in Jakarta, Indonesia. It was the first BRT system in Southern and Southeast Asia. TransJakarta started on January 15, 2004. As of March 2011, there were 10 corridors in operation, with five more to be built...
will serve 60 percent total trips made by Jakartans.
Phase I
The first phase is 15.7 kilometres (9.8 mi) long from Lebak Bulus to Bundaran HI. The construction project will be began in June 2011 and is expected to be completed in 2016 to serve 212,000 passengers per day and can be increased to 960,000 per day. The 15.7 kilometers span expected to be covered in under 30 minutes.Elevated stations
- Lebak Bulus
- Fatmawati
- Cipete
- Haji Nawi
- Blok A
- Blok MBlok MBlok M is a business and shopping quarter located in Kebayoran Baru, South Jakarta, Indonesia. It runs east from Iskandarsyah street to Bulungan street in the west. North from Falatehan street to Melawai street in the south. The development is less modern than some of the developments near Kota,...
- Sisingamangaraja
Underground stations
- Al-Azhar mosque
- SenayanSenayanSenayan may refer to several places in Jakarta, Indonesia:*Senayan, Kebayoran Baru, an administrative village *Taman Ria Senayan, a tourist attraction*Plaza Senayan, a shopping mall*Senayan City, a shopping mall...
- Bendungan Hilir
- Setiabudi
- Dukuh Atas
- Bundaran H.I
East-West corridor
This corridor in currently in pre-feasibility study phase. This line is targeted to operate in 2027.Project Progress
Progress of the first phase was funded through a loan by the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC)Japan Bank for International Cooperation
The , also known by its acronym, JBIC, is a Japanese public financial institution and export credit agency, and was created on October 1, 1999, through the merging of the Japan Export-Import Bank and the Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund ....
, now merged into the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
Japan International Cooperation Agency
The Japan International Cooperation Agency is an independent governmental agency that coordinates official development assistance for the government of Japan...
. The loan number IP is 536 (signed November 2006) for engineering services. The engineering services loan is a pre-construction loan to prepare the construction phase. It consists of:
- Basic Design package, managed by the DGR (Directorate General of Railways, Ministry of Transport)
- Management and Operation package, managed by the Bappeda (Jakarta Regional Planning Board)
- Construction assistance in tender, managed by the PT MRT Jakarta
On March 31, 2009, Loan Agreement 2 (LA2) for the amount of 48,150 billion Yen to build the Jakarta MRT System was signed by the Indonesian Government (represented by the Indonesian Ambassador for Japan) and JICA in Tokyo
Tokyo
, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
. This loan is to be forwarded from the National Government to the Jakarta City Administration as a grant (on-granting agreement). After the signing of the granting agreement for LA2, city administration will propose another two loan agreements for LA3 and LA4 to the central government. These proposals will become a lending agreement for the local government. The total amount of LA3 and LA4 addressed as a loan by the local government is about 71867 billion yen. This amount is based on the progress, outcome and absorbance of LA2. The total loan package from JICA for the development of the Jakarta MRT system is worth a total of 120,017 billion yen.
Basic design for the first phase has been began in December 2010 and would be finished in February 2011 followed by tender process. Physical construction will be start as soon as possible in end of 2011 or early 2012.
PT Mass Rapid Transit Jakarta
PT Mass Rapid Transit Jakarta (PT MRTJ) is a limited liability (Perseroan Terbatas) company founded by the Jakarta Provincial Government. Its establishment was approved by the provincial parliament (DPRD) on 10 June 2008 and final establishment was by notary act on 17 June 2008. Its purpose is to operate the Jakarta MRT System. The shares are made up from 99% Jakarta Provincial Government and 1% PT Pasar Jaya (another Jakarta Reginal-Government-Owned-Company). PT MRTJ is classed as a Regional-Government-Owned-Company (Badan Usaha Milik Daerah-BUMD). The BUMD form for PT MRTJ is designed not to create profits for the shareholders, but instead to create flexibility in accessing alternative financing, which would otherwise be impossible if the company was directly part of the government. With this, the cost of tickets sold to clients will be reduced with some of the operational cost being subsidised by other sources. The BUMD form also ensures transparency and accountability through the shareholders' General Meeting, Decision Making and Reporting System which will be publicly available.External links
- Jakarta MRT Advisory Committee Discussion, JBIC Indonesia Office http://www.jbic.or.id/en/oeco-mrt.php
- MRTJakarta - PT Mass Rapid Transit Jakarta