Jacobabad is the capital city of
Jacobabad DistrictJacobabad District is a district of Sindh, Pakistan. According to the 1998 census it had a population of 1,425,572 of which 24.10% were urban...
,
SindhSindh , is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhis. Different cultural and ethnic groups also reside in Sindh including Urdu-speaking Muslim refugees who migrated to Pakistan from India upon independence as well as the people migrated from other provinces after...
,
PakistanPakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located at the crossroads of South Asia, the Middle East, and Central Asia...
. The city is also the administrative centre of
Jacobabad TalukaJacobabad Taluka is an administrative subdivision of Jacobabad District, Sindh, Pakistan. It is subdivided into 15 Union Councils, 8 of which comprise the capital Jacobabad-History:...
, an administrative
subdivisionA tehsil is an administrative division of some countries of South Asia....
of the district, the city is subdivided into 8
Union CouncilsA union council or village council in Pakistan is an elected local government body consisting of 21 councillors, and headed by a nazim and a naib nazim .-Administration:...
. Jacobabad is located at . The city is crossed by the
Pakistan RailwaysThis article is about the rail company in Pakistan. For technical details and operations see: Transport in Pakistan.Pakistan Railways is a national state-owned rail transport service of Pakistan, headquartered in Lahore. It is administered by the federal government under the Ministry of Railways....
and many main roads of the province. Jacobabad has the reputation of being one of the hottest places in the world from April until September.
During
British ruleThe British Raj was the British colonial rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; it can also refer to the period of dominion, and even the region under the rule...
, as part of British India, the town was the administrative headquarters of the
Upper Sind Frontier DistrictUpper Sind Frontier District was a district of the Bombay Presidency during British Rule. The district was the northernmost portion of Sind and lay between 27°56' and 28° 27' N. and 68° and 69° 44' E., with an area of...
of the
Bombay PresidencyThe Bombay Presidency was a former province of British India. It was established in the 17th century as a trading post for the British East India Company, but later grew to encompass much of western and central India, as well as parts of post-partition Pakistan and the Arabian Peninsula.At its...
; with a station on the Quetta branch of the North-Western Railway, 37 m.
Jacobabad is the capital city of
Jacobabad DistrictJacobabad District is a district of Sindh, Pakistan. According to the 1998 census it had a population of 1,425,572 of which 24.10% were urban...
,
SindhSindh , is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhis. Different cultural and ethnic groups also reside in Sindh including Urdu-speaking Muslim refugees who migrated to Pakistan from India upon independence as well as the people migrated from other provinces after...
,
PakistanPakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located at the crossroads of South Asia, the Middle East, and Central Asia...
. The city is also the administrative centre of
Jacobabad TalukaJacobabad Taluka is an administrative subdivision of Jacobabad District, Sindh, Pakistan. It is subdivided into 15 Union Councils, 8 of which comprise the capital Jacobabad-History:...
, an administrative
subdivisionA tehsil is an administrative division of some countries of South Asia....
of the district, the city is subdivided into 8
Union CouncilsA union council or village council in Pakistan is an elected local government body consisting of 21 councillors, and headed by a nazim and a naib nazim .-Administration:...
. Jacobabad is located at . The city is crossed by the
Pakistan RailwaysThis article is about the rail company in Pakistan. For technical details and operations see: Transport in Pakistan.Pakistan Railways is a national state-owned rail transport service of Pakistan, headquartered in Lahore. It is administered by the federal government under the Ministry of Railways....
and many main roads of the province. Jacobabad has the reputation of being one of the hottest places in the world from April until September.
History
During
British ruleThe British Raj was the British colonial rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; it can also refer to the period of dominion, and even the region under the rule...
, as part of British India, the town was the administrative headquarters of the
Upper Sind Frontier DistrictUpper Sind Frontier District was a district of the Bombay Presidency during British Rule. The district was the northernmost portion of Sind and lay between 27°56' and 28° 27' N. and 68° and 69° 44' E., with an area of...
of the
Bombay PresidencyThe Bombay Presidency was a former province of British India. It was established in the 17th century as a trading post for the British East India Company, but later grew to encompass much of western and central India, as well as parts of post-partition Pakistan and the Arabian Peninsula.At its...
; with a station on the Quetta branch of the North-Western Railway, 37 m. from the junction at Ruk, on the main line. It was famous for consistently having the highest temperature in the Sub-Continent. During the month of June the thermometer ranges between 120° and 131°F (49 to 55°C). The town was founded on the site of the village of Khangarh in 1847 by General John Jacob, for many years commandant of the Sind Horse, who died here in 1858. It has cantonments for a cavalry regiment, with accommodation for caravans from Central Asia. It is watered by two canals. An annual horse show is held in January.
The town was founded near the village of Khangarh in 1847 by Brigadier General John Jacob, for many years Commandant of the Sindh Horse. Jacob who died and was buried there in 1858, and left a marvellous
Victoria TowerThe Victoria Tower is the square tower at the southern end of the Palace of Westminster in London, facing south and west onto Black Rod's Garden and Old Palace Yard. At , it is slightly taller than the more famous Clock Tower at the north end of the Palace . It houses the Parliamentary Archives in...
in his remembrance in the heart of the city.
The commercial airport at Jacobabad, about 300 miles north of Karachi and 300 miles southeast of
KandaharKandahār, also spelled Qandahār, Pashtoکندهار or قندهار is the second largest city in Afghanistan, with a population of 324,800 . It is the capital of Kandahar province, located in the south of the country at about 1,005 m above sea level...
, is located on the border between Sindh and
BalochistanBalochistan is the largest province of Pakistan by geographical area, constituting approximately 48% of the total area of Pakistan. At the 1998 census, Balochistan had a population of roughly 6.5 million. Its neighbouring regions are Iran to the west, Afghanistan and the North West Frontier...
provinces. The Shahbaz Air Base is co-located with the commercial airport in Jacobabad. The Shahbaz Air Base was one of three Pakistani air bases used by U.S. and allied forces to support the
Operation Enduring FreedomOperation Enduring Freedom is the official name used by the U.S. Government for its War in Afghanistan and Iraq, together with three smaller military actions, under the umbrella of its Global War on Terror...
campaign in
AfghanistanThe Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a landlocked country in south central Asia. It is variously described as being located within Central Asia, South Asia, or the Middle East...
. Pakistan agreed to an American request for a long-term, logistics and support base presence at the Shahbaz Air Base in Jacobabad following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The US forces, mainly from the United States Air Force, were stationed there from Oct 2001 to Nov 2004. Units active during this period included a Predator
UAVUAV may refer to:* Unmanned aerial vehicle* UAV Corp., an entertainment company...
squadron, a C-130 airlift squadron, a CSAR detachment, and associated support units.
Demography
An annual horse and cattle show is held in January. Jacobadad is highly multicultural, with ethnic and tribal groups including
DashtiThe Rind are a Baloch tribe settled in the Balochistan province of Iran, and the Balochistan Province of Pakistan as well as in Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. This tribe is considered progenitor of many Baloch tribes including: Marri, Leghari, Bugti, Khosa, Magsi, Domki,Siyal,Qaisrani,...
,
keharKehar is a village in the located in the northern part of Larkana District in Sindh, Pakistan. The village is situated on the Larkana-Naudero Road. The population of the village is about 2000, with over 200 families...
, Pechuho, Banglani, Sunderani,
UnarThe Unar انر: are a Sindhi clan of the Samma tribe settled in Sindh, Pakistan.- History :According to The News International, the tribe is regarded "as the highest tribe or 'elder brother' of all the Samat tribes of Sindh". The clan traces its lineage back to the 14th century Jam Unar, the founder...
,
AbroThe Abro, Abra, Abrah , , : is a Samma tribe, found in Balochistan, Sindh and southern Punjab provinces of Pakistan.- Origin :...
,
SoomroSoomro or Soomra is a Sindhi tribe in Sindh, Pakistan. Today the Soomro clan is settled in parts Sindh and southern Punjab.-Soomra Dynasty:The Soomro Dynasty was established by the Soomra tribe of Sindh. The Soomra ruled Sindh from 1026-1351...
, Khoso, Bhayo,
MangrioMangrio , ) is a Muslim Rajput tribe found in Sindh in Pakistan and Rajasthan in India. Like the Samma and Bhatti, and most other Sindhi Rajputs, they are of Chandravanshi origin....
, Surhio,
JakhraniThe Jakhrani are a Baloch tribe in Sindh and Balochistan, Pakistan.- Distribution :Most of them live in Jacobabad District and Kashmore District. Mir Aijaz Hussain Khan Jakhrani is a member National Assembly affiliated with Pakistan Peoples Party. Mir Aijaz Hussain Khan Jakhrani is now currently...
,
MarriMarri or Murri is one of the largest ethnic Baloch tribe in Balochistan and Sindh provinces of Pakistan. Marri was considered to be a clan of Rind tribe in the early history of Baloch and Balochistan...
,
GabolGabol is a Baloch tribe settled in the Balochistan, Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. Gabols are of Rind origin and are mostly settled in Dadu District of Sindh in Tikko Baran surrounding the Kirthar Mountains Range, Nawabshah, Ghotki, Sukkur, and Jacobabad...
,
JarwarJarwar is a sub-tribe of the Gazini branch of the Marri Baloch. Although some families of Jarwar are still living in their native place near Kahan, the Jarwar are now mainly split into various groups and are living in many areas of Balochistan, Sindh and Northern Punjab...
and Brohi. The area is predominantly
Muslim:A Muslim , , is an adherent of the religion of Islam. The feminine form is Muslimah . Literally, the word means "one who submits ". Muslim is the participle of the same verb of which Islam is the infinitive. Muslims believe that there is only one God, translated in Arabic as Allah...
with
HinduA Hindu is an adherent of Hinduism, a set of religious, philosophical and cultural systems that originated in the Indian subcontinent. The vast body of Hindu scriptures, divided into Śruti and Smriti , lay the foundation of Hindu beliefs which primarily include dhárma, kárma, ahimsa and saṃsāra...
and
ChristianA Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, who Christians believe was the Messiah prophesied in the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible, and the Son of God.The term "Christian" is also used adjectivally to...
minorities.
Notable people
- Muhammad Mian Soomro
Muhammad Mian Soomro is a Pakistani politician who has been the Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan since 2003...
, Chairman of the Senate of PakistanThe Senate of Pakistan is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan. The Constitution does not give the President of Pakistan the authority to dissolve the Senate...
since 2003
- Elahi Bux Soomro
Elahi Bux Soomro or Illahi Bukhsh Soomro , is a Pakistani Senior politician and legislator. He was the 16th Speaker of National Assembly of Pakistan. He is from influential political family of Sindh...
, former Speaker of the National Assembly of PakistanThe National Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan.-Governance and structure:The Speaker of the House presides over the Assembly, and acts as the president of the country if both the President and the Chairman of the Senate are not present. The leader of the largest...
- Allah Bux Soomro
Allah Bux Muhammad Umar Soomro , or Allah Baksh Soomro, was a zamindar, government contractor, Indian independence activist and politician from the province of Sindh in British India. He is considered to be amongst the best premiers of the province...
, former Chief Minister of SindhThe Chief Minister of Sindh is elected by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh to serve as the head of the provincial government in Sindh, Pakistan. The current Chief Minister is Qaim Ali Shah, who belongs to Pakistan Peoples Party...
- Members of the Cabinet of Pakistan
The Cabinet of Pakistan is headed by Prime Minister and plays an important role in the Government of Pakistan, in accordance with the Westminster System....
:
- Justice (retired) Abdul Razzaq Thahim, Federal Minister of Local Government and Rural Development
- Aijaz Hussain Jakhrani, Federal Minister of Health
- Sardar Manzoor Khan Panhwar, Provincial Minister 2002-2007