Jabotabek
Encyclopedia
Jabotabek is an officially recognized definition and term given to the urban region surrounding Jakarta
Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...

, Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...

 in 2000, officially including five municipalities and three regencies. The population of Jabotabek in the Indonesia 2000 census
Indonesia 2000 census
The Indonesia 2000 census or Indonesia Census 2000 was carried out with the fix-date 2000-06-30 and counted 203 million people, a revised figure of 206 264 595 people with estimates was deemed as official...

 by the Indonesian government was officially counted to be 23.3 million, and 28.0 million from the Indonesian Census 2010.

The area straddles DKI Jakarta and parts of the provinces of West Java
West Java
West Java , with a population of over 43 million, is the most populous and most densely populated province of Indonesia. Located on the island of Java, it is slightly smaller in area than densely populated Taiwan, but with nearly double the population...

 and Banten
Banten
Banten is a province of Indonesia in Java. Formerly part of the Province of West Java, it was made a separate province in 2000.The administrative center is Serang. Preliminary results from the 2010 census counted some 10.6 million people.-Geography:...

, specifically the three Regencies of those provinces which surround Jakarta - Bekasi
Bekasi Regency
Bekasi Regency is a regency of West Java, Indonesia. The capital city is Cikarang. It is bordered by DKI Jakarta and Bekasi Municipality to the east, by Bogor Regency to the south, and by Karawang Regency to the east....

 and Bogor
Bogor Regency
Bogor Regency Indonesian: Kabupaten Bogor is a regency of West Java, Indonesia, south of DKI Jakarta, and bordered by Tangerang Regency, the City of Depok and the City and Regency of Bekasi to the north, and fully encircling Bogor City. It is considered a bedroom community for Jakarta.The area...

 in West Java, and Tangerang
Tangerang Regency
Tangerang Regency is a regency of Banten province, Indonesia. The current regent is H. Ismet Iskandar. It has an area of 959.6 km² and an official 2010 census count of 2,838,621. Since 2000, it has lost territory as South Tangerang has split off on 29 October 2008...

 in Banten. Also included are the Kota (formerly Kotamadya
Kotamadya
Kotamadya is an obsolete term for governmental unit in Indonesia, equivalent to a town. Now people use term kota to represent the same governmental unit. Kotamadya is led by a walikotamadya. The term "madya" roughly means middle....

) independent municipalities of Bogor
Bogor
Bogor is a city on the island of Java in the West Java province of Indonesia. The city is located in the center of the Bogor Regency , 60 kilometers south of the Indonesian capital Jakarta...

, Depok
Depok
Depok is a city in West Java province, Indonesia on the western border of DKI Jakarta in the Jabodetabek metropolitan region. The "de" in Jabodetabek refers to Depok, while the word "depok" itself comes from Sundanese language meaning hermitage or abode of one living in seclusion.It has an area of...

, Bekasi
Bekasi
Bekasi is a city in West Java, Indonesia, located on the eastern border of Jakarta in the Jabodetabek metropolitan region. To the south is Bogor Regency, east is Bekasi Regency....

, Tangerang
Tangerang
Tangerang is a city in the Province of Banten, Indonesia. It is located about 25 km west of Jakarta. It is the third largest urban center in the Jabotabek region after Jakarta and Bekasi. It has an area of 164.54 km² and an official intercensal estimated population of 1,537,244 for 2005...

 and (since October 2008) South Tangerang
South Tangerang
South Tangerang City or just South Tangerang is an independent city in Banten province of Indonesia and part of the Greater Jakarta metropolitan area. It was formed from Tangerang Regency on October 29, 2008...

.

The name of the region is taken from the first two or three letters of each city's name: Jabo(de)tabek from Jakarta, Bogor, (Depok), Tangerang and Bekasi.

It is important to note that Greater Jakarta's sprawl does not end at the Jabodetabek boundary. For area comparison, Jabodetabek covers an area only half the size of Los Angeles County. Greater Jakarta continues to grow, and has long since spilled into the regencies of Karawang, Purwakarta, Sukabumi, and Cianjur of West Java as well as Serang Regency of Banten. However, of these, only Karawang and Serang have densities exceeding 1,000 people per square kilometer. The sum total of Jabodetabek, Serang Regency and Kota as well as Karawang Regency is 32.2 million as of the most recent decennial census. In addition, Greater Bandung
Bandung Metropolitan Area
Bandung Metropolitan Area is the metropolitan area surrounds the city of Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. It is less than 20 km from the edge of the metropolitan area of Greater Jakarta , and is contiguous with the border of the Jabodetabek-Cirangkarta definition for metropolitan area of Jakarta...

's suburbs are a mere 30 kilometers from Jabodetabek's boundaries.

Demographics

Among the inhabitants, approximately 9.58 million live in Jakarta in 2010; almost 8.2 million in the five cities of Bogor
Bogor
Bogor is a city on the island of Java in the West Java province of Indonesia. The city is located in the center of the Bogor Regency , 60 kilometers south of the Indonesian capital Jakarta...

, Depok
Depok
Depok is a city in West Java province, Indonesia on the western border of DKI Jakarta in the Jabodetabek metropolitan region. The "de" in Jabodetabek refers to Depok, while the word "depok" itself comes from Sundanese language meaning hermitage or abode of one living in seclusion.It has an area of...

, Bekasi
Bekasi
Bekasi is a city in West Java, Indonesia, located on the eastern border of Jakarta in the Jabodetabek metropolitan region. To the south is Bogor Regency, east is Bekasi Regency....

, Tangerang
Tangerang
Tangerang is a city in the Province of Banten, Indonesia. It is located about 25 km west of Jakarta. It is the third largest urban center in the Jabotabek region after Jakarta and Bekasi. It has an area of 164.54 km² and an official intercensal estimated population of 1,537,244 for 2005...

, and South Tangerang
South Tangerang
South Tangerang City or just South Tangerang is an independent city in Banten province of Indonesia and part of the Greater Jakarta metropolitan area. It was formed from Tangerang Regency on October 29, 2008...

; and almost 10.2 million in the three regencies (Bekasi Regency
Bekasi Regency
Bekasi Regency is a regency of West Java, Indonesia. The capital city is Cikarang. It is bordered by DKI Jakarta and Bekasi Municipality to the east, by Bogor Regency to the south, and by Karawang Regency to the east....

, Tangerang Regency
Tangerang Regency
Tangerang Regency is a regency of Banten province, Indonesia. The current regent is H. Ismet Iskandar. It has an area of 959.6 km² and an official 2010 census count of 2,838,621. Since 2000, it has lost territory as South Tangerang has split off on 29 October 2008...

, and Bogor Regency
Bogor Regency
Bogor Regency Indonesian: Kabupaten Bogor is a regency of West Java, Indonesia, south of DKI Jakarta, and bordered by Tangerang Regency, the City of Depok and the City and Regency of Bekasi to the north, and fully encircling Bogor City. It is considered a bedroom community for Jakarta.The area...

). The population is steadily increasing due to migration from all over Indonesia.

Common names for Greater Jakarta:
Administrative division Area (km²) Population (2010 Census Final)) Population density (/km²)
DKI Jakarta 664 9,588,198 14,464
Bogor Municipality
Bogor
Bogor is a city on the island of Java in the West Java province of Indonesia. The city is located in the center of the Bogor Regency , 60 kilometers south of the Indonesian capital Jakarta...

, W.J.
109 952,406 8,737
Bekasi Municipality
Bekasi
Bekasi is a city in West Java, Indonesia, located on the eastern border of Jakarta in the Jabodetabek metropolitan region. To the south is Bogor Regency, east is Bekasi Regency....

, W.J.
210 2,378,211 9,905
Tangerang Municipality
Tangerang
Tangerang is a city in the Province of Banten, Indonesia. It is located about 25 km west of Jakarta. It is the third largest urban center in the Jabotabek region after Jakarta and Bekasi. It has an area of 164.54 km² and an official intercensal estimated population of 1,537,244 for 2005...

, B.
164 1,797,715 9,342
South Tangerang Municipality
South Tangerang
South Tangerang City or just South Tangerang is an independent city in Banten province of Indonesia and part of the Greater Jakarta metropolitan area. It was formed from Tangerang Regency on October 29, 2008...

, B.
151 1,303,569 8,646
Bogor Regency
Bogor Regency
Bogor Regency Indonesian: Kabupaten Bogor is a regency of West Java, Indonesia, south of DKI Jakarta, and bordered by Tangerang Regency, the City of Depok and the City and Regency of Bekasi to the north, and fully encircling Bogor City. It is considered a bedroom community for Jakarta.The area...

, W.J.
2,664 4,779,578 1,791
Tangerang Regency
Tangerang Regency
Tangerang Regency is a regency of Banten province, Indonesia. The current regent is H. Ismet Iskandar. It has an area of 959.6 km² and an official 2010 census count of 2,838,621. Since 2000, it has lost territory as South Tangerang has split off on 29 October 2008...

, B.
960 2,838,621 2,958
Bekasi Regency
Bekasi Regency
Bekasi Regency is a regency of West Java, Indonesia. The capital city is Cikarang. It is bordered by DKI Jakarta and Bekasi Municipality to the east, by Bogor Regency to the south, and by Karawang Regency to the east....

, W.J.
1,270 2,629,551 2,071
Depok Municipality
Depok
Depok is a city in West Java province, Indonesia on the western border of DKI Jakarta in the Jabodetabek metropolitan region. The "de" in Jabodetabek refers to Depok, while the word "depok" itself comes from Sundanese language meaning hermitage or abode of one living in seclusion.It has an area of...

, W.J.
200 1,751,696 7,053
Jabodetabek Region 6,392 28,019,545 4,383.53


W.J. = West Java province B. = Banten province

Source: Central Bureau of Statistics provincial data

Transportation

The region is partly defined by the areas from which people commute into the city.

Rail services and termini

Jabotabek is served by commuter train known as Jabotabek electric train (KRL Jabotabek
KRL Jabotabek
KRL Commuter Jabodetabek or simply KRL Jabodetabek is a mass rapid transit system in Jabodetabek, Indonesia. It is an acronym for Kereta Rel Listrik Jakarta Bogor Depok Tangerang Bekasi which can be loosely translated into Jabodetabek electrified rail. KRL Jabodetabek serves commuters in Jakarta,...

) with four line rail road.
  • Bogor - Jakarta Kota rail road, the busiest commuter railroad in Jabotabek. It has five major terminals at Bogor station in Bogor City
    Bogor
    Bogor is a city on the island of Java in the West Java province of Indonesia. The city is located in the center of the Bogor Regency , 60 kilometers south of the Indonesian capital Jakarta...

    , Depok station in Depok City
    Depok
    Depok is a city in West Java province, Indonesia on the western border of DKI Jakarta in the Jabodetabek metropolitan region. The "de" in Jabodetabek refers to Depok, while the word "depok" itself comes from Sundanese language meaning hermitage or abode of one living in seclusion.It has an area of...

    , a major transfer point at Manggarai Station in South Jakarta
    South Jakarta
    South Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,057,080 at the 2010 Census, and is the third most populous among the five cities of Jakarta, after East Jakarta and West Jakarta...

    , Juanda Station in Central Jakarta
    Central Jakarta
    Central Jakarta is one of the five cities which form Jakarta, Indonesia. It had 898,883 inhabitants at the 2010 Census.Central Jakarta is the smallest in area and population of the five cities of Jakarta. It is the administrative and political center of Jakarta and Indonesia...

    , and finally at Jakarta Kota Station
    Jakarta Kota Station
    Jakarta Kota Station is a terminal train station, located in the old city core of Jakarta. The station was appointed as a historical and cultural landmark in 1993....

    .

  • Bekasi - Jakarta Kota rail road, the second busiest commuter railroad in Jabotabek. It has five major terminals at Bekasi station in Bekasi City
    Bekasi
    Bekasi is a city in West Java, Indonesia, located on the eastern border of Jakarta in the Jabodetabek metropolitan region. To the south is Bogor Regency, east is Bekasi Regency....

    , Jatinegara Station
    Jatinegara Station
    thumb|right|The front facade of the Jatinegara Station.Jatinegara Station is a railway station in Jakarta. The station is the main entrance to Jakarta from cities east of Jakarta. The station is located at Bekasi Barat Raya street at Jatinegara, East Jakarta. Jatinegara station is operated by the PT...

     (East Jakarta
    East Jakarta
    East Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,687,027 at the 2010, making it the most populous of the five cities within Jakarta....

    ), Pasar Senen Station
    Pasar Senen Station
    Pasar Senen Station is a station located in Jakarta, Indonesia. It is the second largest train station in Jakarta after Gambir Station. It is located close to Pasar Senen market area in Senen Subdistrict, Central Jakarta....

     (Central Jakarta
    Central Jakarta
    Central Jakarta is one of the five cities which form Jakarta, Indonesia. It had 898,883 inhabitants at the 2010 Census.Central Jakarta is the smallest in area and population of the five cities of Jakarta. It is the administrative and political center of Jakarta and Indonesia...

    ), Kemayoran Station (Central Jakarta
    Central Jakarta
    Central Jakarta is one of the five cities which form Jakarta, Indonesia. It had 898,883 inhabitants at the 2010 Census.Central Jakarta is the smallest in area and population of the five cities of Jakarta. It is the administrative and political center of Jakarta and Indonesia...

    ) and finally at Jakarta Kota Station
    Jakarta Kota Station
    Jakarta Kota Station is a terminal train station, located in the old city core of Jakarta. The station was appointed as a historical and cultural landmark in 1993....

    .

  • Serpong - Manggarai rail road. It has four major terminals at Serpong station in South Tangerang City, Tanah Abang Station (Central Jakarta
    Central Jakarta
    Central Jakarta is one of the five cities which form Jakarta, Indonesia. It had 898,883 inhabitants at the 2010 Census.Central Jakarta is the smallest in area and population of the five cities of Jakarta. It is the administrative and political center of Jakarta and Indonesia...

    ), Sudirman Station (Central Jakarta
    Central Jakarta
    Central Jakarta is one of the five cities which form Jakarta, Indonesia. It had 898,883 inhabitants at the 2010 Census.Central Jakarta is the smallest in area and population of the five cities of Jakarta. It is the administrative and political center of Jakarta and Indonesia...

    ), and finally at Manggarai Station in South Jakarta
    South Jakarta
    South Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,057,080 at the 2010 Census, and is the third most populous among the five cities of Jakarta, after East Jakarta and West Jakarta...

    .

  • Tangerang - Jakarta Kota rail road. It has two major terminals at Tangerang station in Tangerang City
    Tangerang
    Tangerang is a city in the Province of Banten, Indonesia. It is located about 25 km west of Jakarta. It is the third largest urban center in the Jabotabek region after Jakarta and Bekasi. It has an area of 164.54 km² and an official intercensal estimated population of 1,537,244 for 2005...

     and Jakarta Kota.

Major bus stations

The region is served by six major bus terminals, connected innercity and intercity :
Bus stations Location
Location (geography)
The terms location and place in geography are used to identify a point or an area on the Earth's surface or elsewhere. The term 'location' generally implies a higher degree of can certainty than "place" which often has an ambiguous boundary relying more on human/social attributes of place identity...

City
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...

/Regency
Pulo Gadung Pulo Gadung
Pulo Gadung
Pulo Gadung is a subdistrict of East Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. The boundary of Pulo Gadung is Bekasi Timur Raya - I Gusti Ngurah Rai Road to the south, Bekasi Raya Road to the east, Perintis Kemerdekaan Road to the north, and Jenderal Ahmad Yani Road to the west.-Kelurahan :Pulo Gadung...

East Jakarta
East Jakarta
East Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,687,027 at the 2010, making it the most populous of the five cities within Jakarta....

Kampung Rambutan Pasar Rebo
Pasar Rebo
Pasar Rebo is a subdistrict of East Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. The boundaries of Pasar Rebo Subdistrict are the Ciliwung to the west and north; and Bogor Raya Road and Cipinang River to the east. The city of Depok is located to the south of Pasar Rebo Subdistrict.Geographically Pasar Rebo...

East Jakarta
East Jakarta
East Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,687,027 at the 2010, making it the most populous of the five cities within Jakarta....

Lebak Bulus Cilandak
Cilandak
Cilandak is a subdistrict of South Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. Krukut River flows through the eastern edge of Cilandak, while Pesanggrahan and Grogol River flow through the western edge of Cilandak....

South Jakarta
South Jakarta
South Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,057,080 at the 2010 Census, and is the third most populous among the five cities of Jakarta, after East Jakarta and West Jakarta...

Blok M
Blok M
Blok M is a business and shopping quarter located in Kebayoran Baru, South Jakarta, Indonesia. It runs east from Iskandarsyah street to Bulungan street in the west. North from Falatehan street to Melawai street in the south. The development is less modern than some of the developments near Kota,...

Kebayoran Baru
Kebayoran Baru
Kebayoran Baru is a subdistrict of South Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. Kebayoran Baru is the last residential area to be developed by the Dutch colonial administration. The urban planning consists of a well-planned residential areas, shopping centers, and business district, complete with its...

South Jakarta
South Jakarta
South Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,057,080 at the 2010 Census, and is the third most populous among the five cities of Jakarta, after East Jakarta and West Jakarta...

Tanjung Priok Tanjung Priok
Tanjung Priok
Tanjung Priok is a subdistrict of North Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. It hosts the western part of the city's main harbour, the Port of Tanjung Priok...

North Jakarta
North Jakarta
North Jakarta is one of the five cities of Jakarta, Indonesia. North Jakarta contains the entire coastal area within Jakarta Special District. In North Jakarta, an area at the estuary of Ciliwung river was the main port for the kingdom of Tarumanegara, which will later grows to become Jakarta....

Grogol Grogol Petamburan
Grogol Petamburan
Grogol Petamburan is a subdistrict of West Jakarta, Indonesia, roughly bounded by the West Flood Canal to the east, Angke Canal to the west and to the north, and Jakarta-Merak Tollway to the south....

West Jakarta
West Jakarta
West Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a p[opulation of 2,278,825 at the 2010 Census; the administrative centre is at Puri Kembangan....

Rawamangun Pulo Gadung
Pulo Gadung
Pulo Gadung is a subdistrict of East Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. The boundary of Pulo Gadung is Bekasi Timur Raya - I Gusti Ngurah Rai Road to the south, Bekasi Raya Road to the east, Perintis Kemerdekaan Road to the north, and Jenderal Ahmad Yani Road to the west.-Kelurahan :Pulo Gadung...

East Jakarta
East Jakarta
East Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,687,027 at the 2010, making it the most populous of the five cities within Jakarta....

Kampung Melayu Jatinegara
Jatinegara
Jatinegara is a subdistrict of East Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. The boundaries of Jatinegara are Bekasi Barat Raya - Bekasi Timur Raya - I...

East Jakarta
East Jakarta
East Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,687,027 at the 2010, making it the most populous of the five cities within Jakarta....

Senen Senen
Senen
Senen is one of the historic subdistrict of Central Jakarta, Indonesia. Its close proximity with the some of the historic center of Jakarta: Merdeka Square and Lapangan Banteng means that this area is one of the historic area in Jakarta...

Central Jakarta
Central Jakarta
Central Jakarta is one of the five cities which form Jakarta, Indonesia. It had 898,883 inhabitants at the 2010 Census.Central Jakarta is the smallest in area and population of the five cities of Jakarta. It is the administrative and political center of Jakarta and Indonesia...

Pasar Minggu Pasar Minggu
Pasar Minggu
right|thumb|Pasar Minggus fruit marketPasar Minggu is a subdistrict of South Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. The area is known for its traditional sunday market, famous for the fruit market. Historically, Pasar Minggu is a fruit cultivation area developed by the Dutch government during the colonial...

South Jakarta
South Jakarta
South Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,057,080 at the 2010 Census, and is the third most populous among the five cities of Jakarta, after East Jakarta and West Jakarta...

Manggarai Tebet South Jakarta
South Jakarta
South Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,057,080 at the 2010 Census, and is the third most populous among the five cities of Jakarta, after East Jakarta and West Jakarta...

Klender Duren Sawit
Duren Sawit
Duren Sawit is a subdistrict of East Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia. The rough boundaries of Duren Sawit are I. Gusti Ngurah Rai road to the north, Kali Sunter to the west, and Kali Malang to the south...

East Jakarta
East Jakarta
East Jakarta is a city within Jakarta Special District, Indonesia. It had a population of 2,687,027 at the 2010, making it the most populous of the five cities within Jakarta....

Baranangsiang Central Bogor Bogor City
Bogor
Bogor is a city on the island of Java in the West Java province of Indonesia. The city is located in the center of the Bogor Regency , 60 kilometers south of the Indonesian capital Jakarta...

Depok Pancoran Mas Depok City
Depok
Depok is a city in West Java province, Indonesia on the western border of DKI Jakarta in the Jabodetabek metropolitan region. The "de" in Jabodetabek refers to Depok, while the word "depok" itself comes from Sundanese language meaning hermitage or abode of one living in seclusion.It has an area of...

Bekasi Sepanjang Jaya Bekasi City
Bekasi
Bekasi is a city in West Java, Indonesia, located on the eastern border of Jakarta in the Jabodetabek metropolitan region. To the south is Bogor Regency, east is Bekasi Regency....

Cimone Cimone
Cimone
Cimone is a comune in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 10 km southwest of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 599 and an area of 9.8 km²....

Tangerang City
Tangerang
Tangerang is a city in the Province of Banten, Indonesia. It is located about 25 km west of Jakarta. It is the third largest urban center in the Jabotabek region after Jakarta and Bekasi. It has an area of 164.54 km² and an official intercensal estimated population of 1,537,244 for 2005...

Cikarang Cikarang
Cikarang
Cikarang is the capital of Bekasi Regency, West Java in Indonesia. Jababeka is the biggest industrial estate in Southeast Asia. Property projects have also been built in Cikarang, such as Lippo Cikarang, Cikarang Baru, and Kota Delta Mas. The last one is the office complex of Bekasi.-Cikarang Dry...

Bekasi Regency
Bekasi Regency
Bekasi Regency is a regency of West Java, Indonesia. The capital city is Cikarang. It is bordered by DKI Jakarta and Bekasi Municipality to the east, by Bogor Regency to the south, and by Karawang Regency to the east....

Ciputat Ciputat
Ciputat
Ciputat is a subdistrict in the city of South Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. The population is 207,800....

South Tangerang City
South Tangerang
South Tangerang City or just South Tangerang is an independent city in Banten province of Indonesia and part of the Greater Jakarta metropolitan area. It was formed from Tangerang Regency on October 29, 2008...


Further reading

  • Forbes, Dean. "Jakarta: Globalization, economic crisis, and social change," pp. 268–298, in Josef Gugler (ed.) World Cities beyond the West: Globalization, Development and Inequality.
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