Location of Jabalpur (Hindi: जबलपुर)
in Madhya PradeshMadhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....
and IndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
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CoordinatesA geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on the Earth to be specified by a set of numbers. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represent vertical position, and two or three of the numbers represent horizontal position...
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http://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Jabalpur¶ms=23_9_38_N_79_56_19_E_type:landmark_region:IN-MP_23°9′38″N 79°56′19″E / 23.16056°N 79.93861°E / 23.16056; 79.93861]CoordinatesA geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on the Earth to be specified by a set of numbers. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represent vertical position, and two or three of the numbers represent horizontal position...
: http://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Jabalpur¶ms=23_9_38_N_79_56_19_E_type:landmark_region:IN-MP_23°9′38″N 79°56′19″E / 23.16056°N 79.93861°E / 23.16056; 79.93861]
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IndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
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StateIndia is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...
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Madhya PradeshMadhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....
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District(s)A district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. Districts are further subdivided, in some cases into Sub-Divisions, and otherwise directly into tehsils or talukas.District officials include:...
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JabalpurJabalpur District is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The city of Jabalpur is the administrative headquarters of the district.The area of the district is 10,160 km² with of population 2,167,469...
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DensityPopulation density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
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11,170,000 (2011[//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jabalpur&action=edit [update]])
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240 /km2 (622 /sq mi)
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ISTIndian Standard Time is the time observed throughout India and Sri Lanka, with a time offset of UTC+05:30. India does not observe daylight saving time or other seasonal adjustments, although DST was used briefly during the Sino–Indian War of 1962 and the Indo–Pakistani Wars of 1965 and 1971...
(UTC+05:30)
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AreaThe geography of India describes the physical features of India, a country in South Asia, that lies entirely on the Indian Plate in the northern portion of the Indo-Australian Plate. The country lies to the north of the equator between 8°4' and 37°6' north latitude and 68°7' and 97°25' east...
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ElevationThe term above mean sea level refers to the elevation or altitude of any object, relative to the average sea level datum. AMSL is used extensively in radio by engineers to determine the coverage area a station will be able to reach...
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108.000 square kilometres (41.699 sq mi)
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411 metres (1,348 ft)
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Jabalpur ({{lang-hi|जबलपुर}}) often called as
Sanskaardhaani is a city in the Mahakaushal region of
stateIndia is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...
of
Madhya PradeshMadhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....
in
IndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. It is the largest urban agglomeration in
Madhya PradeshMadhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....
and the 38th largest urban agglomeration in India as per the 2011 census statistics.
It is bordered by
KatniKatni is a town on the banks of the Katni River in Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Katni District. It is located in the Mahakoshal Region of Central India. The city is away from the Divisional Headquarters of the region, Jabalpur...
to the north,
UmariaUmaria is a town in umaria district of the Shahdol Division of Madhya Pradesh state of central India.-History:umaria is located to the North East of Madhya Pradesh. Mathematically the coordinates of the District extend from 23o38' to 24o20' North and 80o28' to 82o12' East. It has geographical...
to the north-east,
DindoriDindori is a town and a nagar panchayat in Dindori district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India.-Geography:Dindori is located at . It has an average elevation of 640 metres .coor title dms|22|57|00|N|81|04|48|E-Demographics:...
to the east,
Mandla-Demographics: India census, Mandla had a population of 45,907. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Mandla has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 82%, and female literacy is 72%. Majority of Population belongs Adivasi, so...
to the south-east, Seoni to the south, Narsimhapur to the south-west and
DamohDamoh is a city in the Sagar Division of northeast Madhya Pradesh in India, east of state capital Bhopal and in north by Tikamgarh. It is the administrative headquarters of Damoh District.-Geography:...
to the north-west. Jabalpur is the administrative headquarters of
Jabalpur districtJabalpur District is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The city of Jabalpur is the administrative headquarters of the district.The area of the district is 10,160 km² with of population 2,167,469...
(the second most populous district of Madhya Pradesh) and
Jabalpur divisionJabalpur Division is an administrative geographical unit of Madhya Pradesh state of India. Jabalpur is the administrative headquarters of the division...
.
Geographically an important place, the ruling Gond dynasty of Jabalpur lent its name to the primordial continental mass Gondwanaland. Historically, a center of Kalchuri and Gond dynasties, Jabalpur developed a syncretic culture influenced by the intermittent reigns of the
MarathaThe Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was an Indian imperial power that existed from 1674 to 1818. At its peak, the empire covered much of South Asia, encompassing a territory of over 2.8 million km²....
and
MughalThe Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
empires. In the early nineteenth century, it was gradually annexed in British India as Jubbulpore and incorporated as a major cantonment town. Post-independence, there have been
demands for a separate stateDemands for the creation of new states have been a chronic feature of the Indian polity since the inception of the republic. Such agitations typically base themselves on claims of neglect or discrimination meted out to them by the central or relevant state governments...
of
MahakoshalMahakoshal is a region of central India. Mahakoshal lies in the upper or eastern reaches of the Narmada River valley in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Jabalpur is the largest city in the region. Nimar region lies to the west, in the lower reaches of the Narmada valley...
with Jabalpur as its capital.
Jabalpur was also the epicenter of a
major earthquake in 1997The 1997 Jabalpur earthquake occurred on May 22, 1997 in Jabalpur District in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The epicenter of the earthquake was located at near Koshamghat village. According to geologist Dr V...
. The geographic centre of India is located 30 km east of Jabalpur in Katangi village.{{citation needed|date=October 2011}} Jabalpur is known for its picturesque marble rock formations (
BhedaghatBhedaghat is a town and a nagar panchayat in Jabalpur district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is situated by the side of river Narmada and is approximately 20 km from Jabalpur city...
) across the banks of the river
NarmadaThe Narmada , also called Rewa is a river in central India and the fifth largest river in the Indian subcontinent. It is the third largest river that completely flows within India after Ganges and Godavari...
. Being the army headquarters of five states (
Madhya PradeshMadhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....
, Chattisgarh,
OrissaOrissa , officially Odisha since Nov 2011, is a state of India, located on the east coast of India, by the Bay of Bengal. It is the modern name of the ancient nation of Kalinga, which was invaded by the Maurya Emperor Ashoka in 261 BC. The modern state of Orissa was established on 1 April...
,
BiharBihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India....
and
JharkhandJharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east...
), one-sixth of the city is occupied by the
Indian ArmyThe Indian Army is the land based branch and the largest component of the Indian Armed Forces. With about 1,100,000 soldiers in active service and about 1,150,000 reserve troops, the Indian Army is the world's largest standing volunteer army...
.
Jabalpur is the birthplace of
snookerSnooker is a cue sport that is played on a green baize-covered table with pockets in each of the four corners and in the middle of each of the long side cushions. A regular table is . It is played using a cue and snooker balls: one white , 15 worth one point each, and six balls of different :...
, a historic heart of
Hindi literatureHindi literature , is broadly divided into four prominent forms or styles, being Bhakti ; Shringar ; Veer-Gatha ; and Adhunik...
movement and
a prominent regional education hub. It is also a major spiritual center being the birthplace of
Maharishi Mahesh YogiMaharishi Mahesh Yogi , born Mahesh Prasad Varma , developed the Transcendental Meditation technique and was the leader and guru of the TM movement, characterised as a new religious movement and also as non-religious...
and Osho Rajneesh and the site of important Jain shrines. These factors lie behind the oft-quoted city's moniker
Sanskaardhaani ({{lang-hi|संस्कारधानी}}) or the
Cultural-Capital. Several important federal and state institutions are located in Jabalpur including the
Madhya Pradesh High CourtThe Madhya Pradesh High Court is the High Court of the state of Madhya Pradesh. It was established as the Nagpur High Court on 2 January 1936 under the Government of India Act 1935. The Court was established in Nagpur, but after the reorganisation of states on 1 November 1956, it was moved to...
,
Madhya Pradesh Electricity BoardM.P.Power Generation Company Limited is the electricity generation company of the Government of Madhya Pradesh state in India.- History :...
, Tropical Forest Research Institute, several ordinance factories and
West Central RailwayThe West Central Railway, one of the 16 zones of the Indian Railways, came into existence on April 1, 2003. It is headquartered at Jabalpur.-History:...
zonal headquarters.
Etymology
There is no consensus on the origin of the name Jabalpur. Some scholars believe it could have stemmed from the Arabic root "
Jah-BAYLVariations of words jabal, jabel, jebal, jebel, jbel, djebel, jibal, etc. have been used for the Arabic word "jah-bahl", 'جبل', meaning "mountain, hill or slope"...
" meaning "mountain, hill or slope" (as elevations) of "Purwa" region, hence
Jah-bayl-purwa or
Jabalpur, since the black granite hills are prominent geological formations found in the Garha-Purwa region of Jabalpur. An unrelated term
Jauli-pattala has been found in a few post-
GuptaThe Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire which existed approximately from 320 to 550 CE and covered much of the Indian Subcontinent. Founded by Maharaja Sri-Gupta, the dynasty was the model of a classical civilization. The peace and prosperity created under leadership of Guptas enabled the...
and Kalchuri inscriptions found in Jabalpur. It has been hypothesized that Jabalpur may be a
cognateIn linguistics, cognates are words that have a common etymological origin. This learned term derives from the Latin cognatus . Cognates within the same language are called doublets. Strictly speaking, loanwords from another language are usually not meant by the term, e.g...
of the
AfghanAfghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
city of
ZabulistanZabulistan , also spelled Zabolestan, is a historical region in the border area of today's Iran and Afghanistan.-History of Zabulistan:...
since a princess of this Afghan city was married to one of the Kalchuri rulers of Tripuri, who later founded
Jauli-pattala to settle the people from Zabulistan. Popularly, but less likely, Jabalpur is postulated to be mythological
Jabalipattan ({{lang-hi|जाबालिपत्तन}}) or
Jabalipuram ({{lang-hi|जाबालिपुरम}}) of the legendary atheist sage Jaabaali mentioned in the epic
RamayanaThe Ramayana is an ancient Sanskrit epic. It is ascribed to the Hindu sage Valmiki and forms an important part of the Hindu canon , considered to be itihāsa. The Ramayana is one of the two great epics of India and Nepal, the other being the Mahabharata...
, as his
tapasya-bhoomi (= place of penance) though no such evidence exists. In 2006, the Jabalpur Municipal Corporation controversially passed a resolution to rename the city to Jabalipuram.
History
AshokaAshok Maurya or Ashoka , popularly known as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from ca. 269 BC to 232 BC. One of India's greatest emperors, Ashoka reigned over most of present-day India after a number of military conquests...
n relics have been found in Rupnath, a place 84 km north of Jabalpur, suggesting the existence of human civilization here dating back to c. 300 BCE. Much later in history, Karanbel (now called Tripuri/Tewar) on the outskirts of current Jabalpur was the capital of the famous Kalchuri kingdom in the 9th–10th centuries CE.
In c. 675 CE, the region was taken over from Raja Mandalik of the Parmar-dynasty by Raja Bamraj Dev (ruled c. 675-800 CE) of the
KalachuriKalachuri Empire is this the name used by two kingdoms who had a succession of dynasties from the 10th-12th centuries, one ruling over areas in Central India and were called Chedi or Haihaya and the other southern Kalachuri who ruled over parts of Karnataka...
-dynasty who made Karanbel (Tripuri/Tewar) near Jabalpur their capital. They were so powerful that their kingdom was spread over present day MP, UP, Nepal, far-eastern states, Bangladesh, Bengal, Orissa, Bihar, Jharkhand and Chattisgarh. The most illustrious of Kalchuri kings was Yuvrajdev-I (ruled c. 915-945 CE) who married Nohladevi - a princess of the Chalukya-dynasty. Their Amatya (Diwan in Urdu) was Golok Simha Kayasth (mis-spelt Gollak in some scriptures) who was instrumental in the establishment of the
Chausath-Yogini shrine near BhedaGhat. While the descendents of the Kalchuri kings are lost in history, those of Amatya Golok Simha Kayasth continued to look after the politics of the region as Diwan Bhoj Simha under Raja Sangramsahi (ruled c. 1491-1543 CE), Diwan Adhar Simha under Rani Durgavati (ruled c. 1550-1564 CE) and Beohar Raghuvir Simha who remained the Jagirdar of Jabalpur till 1947 and whose family still lives in Jabalpur.
In the 13th century CE, the
GondThe Gondi, Goindi or Gond people are people in central India, spread over the states of Madhya Pradesh, eastern Maharashtra , Chhattisgarh, northern Andhra Pradesh, and Western Orissa. With over four million people, they are the largest tribe in Central India.The Gondi language is related to...
s seized it and made it their capital. Inscriptions record the existence during the 11th and 12th centuries of a local line of princes of the Haihai people who are closely connected with the history of
GondwanaGondwana is a region of India. Named after the Gondi people who live there , the name of the ancient continent of Gondwanaland was derived from Gondwana, because some of the earliest rock formations of this continent were first investigated in part of the region, in modern Orissa.As Gonds are...
.
GondThe Gondi, Goindi or Gond people are people in central India, spread over the states of Madhya Pradesh, eastern Maharashtra , Chhattisgarh, northern Andhra Pradesh, and Western Orissa. With over four million people, they are the largest tribe in Central India.The Gondi language is related to...
Raja Madansahi (ruled c. 1138-1157 CE) of Mandla constructed a bastion in the 12th century CE on top of a hill which, after him, was named
Madan-Mahal. In the 16th century CE, Maharaja Sangramsahi, who ruled for almost 52 years, extended his power to over 52 districts, including the twin-townships of Garha-Katanga. He started administering the region from here, thus the name Garha-Mandla. He was the longest reigning monarch and his period is believed to be the golden era in the history of Garha-Mandla region. A large number of projects of public interest were undertaken during his reign. His daughter-in-law was the infamous Rani Durgavati who ruled from Singaurgarh fort in Sangrampur. During the reign of his minor grandson VeerNarayan (ruled by Queen-Mother Rani Durgavati c. 1550-1564 CE), Khwaja Abdul Majeed Harawi bearing the title 'Asaf-Khan or Commander' as viceroy of Kara Manikpur, conquered the Garha-Mandla principality. In this battle of Narrai in 1564 CE, the Gond Queen-Mother Rani Durgavati made supreme sacrifice, along with her prime minister Adhar Simha
KayasthaKayastha or Kayasth or Kayeth is a caste or community of Hindus originating in India. Kayastha means "scribe" in Sanskrit, and has traditionally denoted members of the writer caste....
and others. Initially, 'Asaf-Khan' or Commander of Mughal Emperor Akbar's forces, held Garha-Mandla as an independent chief but eventually submitted to the
MughalThe Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
emperor Akbar. After Raja Sangramsahi, the next most illustrious king was Raja Hridaysahi (ruled c. 1652-1704 CE) who, coincidentally, also ruled for almost 52 years. He ruled the Garha-Mandla region from Chauragarh fort but later moved the capital to Ramnagar in c. 1652 CE and then back to Mandla fort in c. 1698 CE for strategic reasons. Most of the waterbodies (lakes, reservoirs, stepwells, dams, wells) are from his time. The last Gond ruler who ruled efficiently was Nizamsahi (ruled c. 1753-1780 CE) after whom the Gond kingdom collapsed and the
MarathaThe Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
took over.
The Mughal Empire, however, enjoyed little more than a nominal supremacy; and the Gond-administrators of Garha-Mandla maintained a practical independence from Raja Hridaysahi onwards. The scenario remained so until their subjugation by the
MarathaThe Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
governors of Sagar in c. 1781 CE. They called it
Jabbalgarh. In c. 1798 CE, the
MarathaThe Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
PeshwaA Peshwa is the titular equivalent of a modern Prime Minister. Emporer Shivaji created the Peshwa designation in order to more effectively delegate administrative duties during the growth of the Maratha Empire. Prior to 1749, Peshwas held office for 8-9 years and controlled the Maratha army...
granted the Nerbuddah valley to the
BhonsleThe Bhonsle were a prominent clan within the Maratha clan system who served as rulers of several states in India.The most prominent member of the clan was Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha empire...
kings of
NagpurNāgpur is a city and winter capital of the state of Maharashtra, the largest city in central India and third largest city in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune...
, who continued to hold the district until the British occupied it in c. 1818 CE after defeating the
MarathaThe Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
s. The British made
Jabbalgarh the commission headquarters of the
Saugor and Nerbudda TerritoriesThe Saugor and Nerbudda Territories was a region of British India, located in central part of present-day Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It includes the present-day districts of Sagar , Damoh, Jabalpur, and Narsinghpur...
and established a cantonment here.
There were periods of power-shifts from one ruler to other. During such transitional turmoils, Jubbulpore's Beohar family played significant role in safeguarding region's interests since Kalchuri period, that is c. 945 CE onwards.
Beohars ({{lang-hi|व्यौहार}}) were Jagirdars (like
Dukes-Albums:-EPs:-Singles:...
or Earls) who looked after inter-state relations. In peace, they were ambassadors and defendants of their state's traditions/customs
Vyauhar ({{lang-hi|व्यौहार}}) and during war became gallantry knight-commanders or
Sardar, thus, the title-prefix
Sardar-Beohar with salutation
Rajman-Rajeshri ({{lang-hi|राज्यमान-राजेश्री}}). Their earliest recorded progenitor finds mention as Amatya Golok Simha during Kalchuri-dynasty. One of their ancestor Adhar Simha Kayasth, as Rani Durgavati's ambassador, went to Akbar's court and, as knight-commander, led the army and laid his life for the nation. Much later, estates were granted to R.R. Sardar-Beohar Kehari Simha (c. 1735-1845) by Gond rulers for bravery in battlefields. He detained Clive’s messenger Jainualbdeen in the region but let him go after intervention from Raja Nizamsahi and Raja Janoji
BhonsleThe Bhonsle were a prominent clan within the Maratha clan system who served as rulers of several states in India.The most prominent member of the clan was Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha empire...
. A chapter in Sir
SleemanSir William Henry Sleeman was a British soldier and administrator in India.A great admirer of India's rich natural beauty, he was born in Stratton, Cornwall, the son of Philip Sleeman, a yeoman and supervisor of excise of St Tudy...
's book 'Rambles and Recollections..' is devoted to Beohar Kehri Simha. R.R. Beohar Dariyav Simha (c. 1760-1850), as minister of Raja Raghoji II Bhonsle, headed the army to win battles of 1792-93 and 1799-1801 defeating
pindariThe Pendharis or Free Companions were dispersed throughout the Maratha states and were countenanced and protected by the Maratha chiefs to whom they acted as agents for supplying all the commissariat required by their armies. They were composed of different tribes who congregated together solely...
Mir Khan. He hosted the orientalist Vedic-scholar Sir
ColebrookeHenry Thomas Colebrooke was an English orientalist.-Biography:Henry Thomas Colebrooke, third son of Sir George Colebrooke, 2nd Baronet, was born in London. He was educated at home; and when only fifteen he had made considerable attainments in classics and mathematics...
at
Beohar-Palace on embankment of Phootatal-reservoir in 1801 CE and took him to his Burhagarh, Gosalpur and Jujhari. His pioneering initiatives against
ThuggeeThuggee is the term for a particular kind of murder and robbery of travellers in South Asia and particularly in India.They are sometimes called Phansigar i.e...
were taken further by
SleemanSir William Henry Sleeman was a British soldier and administrator in India.A great admirer of India's rich natural beauty, he was born in Stratton, Cornwall, the son of Philip Sleeman, a yeoman and supervisor of excise of St Tudy...
. R.R. Beohar Gandharv Simha (c. 1780-1852) rescued Garha-Mandla's Rani Laxmankuwari and Prince Nerbuddabux from Visaji Chandokar and crowned him in 1842 ousting cousin Shankarsahi. The
Beohar ({{lang-hi|व्यौहार}}) title-prefix and their Riyasat were respected by
NagpurNāgpur is a city and winter capital of the state of Maharashtra, the largest city in central India and third largest city in Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune...
's
BhonsleThe Bhonsle were a prominent clan within the Maratha clan system who served as rulers of several states in India.The most prominent member of the clan was Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha empire...
, Saugor's
PeshwaA Peshwa is the titular equivalent of a modern Prime Minister. Emporer Shivaji created the Peshwa designation in order to more effectively delegate administrative duties during the growth of the Maratha Empire. Prior to 1749, Peshwas held office for 8-9 years and controlled the Maratha army...
, and
BritishThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
who later became hostile due to the family's nationalism. R.R. Beohar Aman Simha (c. 1830-1890) joined Raja Shankarsahi in
1857The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys of the British East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the town of Meerut, and soon escalated into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to...
movement. Beohar Raghuvir Simha (1877–1960) was last Jagirdar in whose memory, Civil Lines (North) is known as
Beohar Bagh and RailwayStadium-to-Adhartal road as
Beohar Raghuvir Sinha Road.
- The British Raj and 1857.
Under the
British RajBritish Raj was the British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; The term can also refer to the period of dominion...
,
Jabbalgarh became
Jubbulpore and was made the capital of the
Saugor and Nerbudda TerritoriesThe Saugor and Nerbudda Territories was a region of British India, located in central part of present-day Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It includes the present-day districts of Sagar , Damoh, Jabalpur, and Narsinghpur...
, which was part of the
BritishThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
North-Western ProvincesThe North-Western Provinces was an administrative region in British India which succeeded the Ceded and Conquered Provinces and existed in one form or another from 1836 until 1902, when it became the Agra Province within the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh .-Area:The province included all...
. At that time it became infamous for the
ThuggeeThuggee is the term for a particular kind of murder and robbery of travellers in South Asia and particularly in India.They are sometimes called Phansigar i.e...
murders but made more famous by the man who suppressed thugs,
SleemanSir William Henry Sleeman was a British soldier and administrator in India.A great admirer of India's rich natural beauty, he was born in Stratton, Cornwall, the son of Philip Sleeman, a yeoman and supervisor of excise of St Tudy...
(then Major), who was later appointed Chief Commissioner at Jubbulpore and eventually British Resident at Lucknow. For the noble cause of rehabilitation of thugs' families who were called
gurinds, the Beohar-family allowed their piece of land known as
Gurandi in the heart of the town.
In Jubbulpore cantonment, Gadadhar Tiwari, on 16-06-1857, opened fire on his
EuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
an superiors and sparked the Independence movement. His supreme sacrifice did not go waste as the movement caught momemtum in the region, albeit, was short lived. It broiled for more than four months during which the
BritishThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
were petrified, became extremely vulnerable and dreaded the worst. They ran out not only of support but also of supplies and were besieged along with
EuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
an women and children in their own citadel - the Agency Mansion (now Divisional Commissioner's residence). They survived only because a pro-British local banker-merchant came to their rescue which bought them time for reinforcements to arrive. The
1857The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys of the British East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the town of Meerut, and soon escalated into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to...
movement was locally spearheaded by Gond Raja Shankarsahi and Prince Raghunathsahi who were later arrested and detained in a jail which still exists next to the DRM office. The same pro-British local banker-merchant's spys Girdharilal and Sumersingh fabricated and planted written evidence at the citadel of Raja Shankarsahi to prove conspiracy against the
BritishThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
. While the banker-merchant received rich favours, recognitions and rewards from the
BritishThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, the freedom movement culminated with the martyrdom of Raja Shankarsahi and Prince Raghunathsahi from the mouth of a cannon on 18-09-1857 at the very spot where Lady Elgin Hospital now stands. Subsequently, their supporters and masterminds Jagat Singh Rajput, Beohar Aman Simha, Ganga Mishra, Sooraj Prasad and others went underground and never surfaced. Their estates and assets were confiscated.
The
Saugor and Nerbudda TerritoriesThe Saugor and Nerbudda Territories was a region of British India, located in central part of present-day Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It includes the present-day districts of Sagar , Damoh, Jabalpur, and Narsinghpur...
became part of the new
Central ProvincesThe Central Provinces was a province of British India. It comprised British conquests from the Mughals and Marathas in central India, and covered parts of present-day Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra states. Its capital was Nagpur....
in 1861 which in 1903 became the
Central Provinces and BerarThe Central Provinces and Berar was a province of British India. The province comprised British conquests from the Mughals and Marathas in central India, and covered much of present-day Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra states. Its capital was Nagpur. The Central Provinces was formed in...
. By the early 20th century CE, Jubbulpore became the headquarters of a brigade in the 5th division of the Southern Army.
Mahatma Gandhi's longest and most important stay in Jubbulpore was in 1933 at the
Beohar-Palace of Beohar Rajendra Simha.
MahatmaMahatma is Sanskrit for "Great Soul". It is similar in usage to the modern Christian term saint. This epithet is commonly applied to prominent people like Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Jyotirao Phule and Branch Rickey...
was accompanied by
Jawaharlal NehruJawaharlal Nehru , often referred to with the epithet of Panditji, was an Indian statesman who became the first Prime Minister of independent India and became noted for his “neutralist” policies in foreign affairs. He was also one of the principal leaders of India’s independence movement in the...
, Vallabhbhai Patel,
Khan Abdul Ghaffar KhanKhan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was an Afghan, Pashtun political and spiritual leader known for his non-violent opposition to British Rule in India...
,
Ravishankar ShuklaRaj's father is called Manshuklal and he's name after him.Pandit Ravishankar Shukla , was a leader of the Indian National Congress, Indian independence movement activist, the Premier of the Central Provinces and Berar from 27 April 1946 to 25 January 1950, the first Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh...
, Dr
Mukhtar Ahmed AnsariDr. Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari was an Indian nationalist and political leader, and former president of the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League during the Indian Independence Movement...
,
Khurshed NarimanKhurshed Framji Nariman, also known as Veer Nariman, was one of the second generation of Parsi stalwarts in the Indian National Congress. He came into the public eye in 1928 as an independent and courageous politician for his sensational process against the British engineer involved in the Bombay...
, Abul Kalam Azad,
Jamnalal BajajJamnalal Bajaj was an Indian industrialist, a philanthropist, and Indian independence fighter. He was also a close associate and follower of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi is known to have adopted him as his son. Several institutions in India bears his name, including the Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of...
, Dr
Syed MahmudDr. Syed Mahmud was an Indian politician and senior leader in the Indian National Congress during the Indian independence movement and in post-independence India.-Early life:...
,
Mahadev DesaiMahadev Desai was an Indian independence activist and nationalist writer; he was most famously known for being the personal secretary of Mahatma Gandhi.-Career:...
, and many others, and a meeting of AICC/CWC was held at the
Beohar-Palace. Bapu's grandson Kanu (son of Ramdas Gandhi) also stayed with him at the
Beohar-Palace at Sathia Kua near Hanumantal. Mahatma Gandhi's memorabilia of that occasion are still well preserved by descendents of
Beohar-dynasty at The Beohar House in Beohar Bagh. Many freedom fighters voluntarily gave up comforts of life and family and plunged into Gandhiji's three-S (swadeshi, swaraj and satyagrah) movements and the freedom struggle at large. In the wake of India's independence and nation building, they happily and gracefully embraced the harshes of long jail-sentences. Such bravehearts from Jubbulpore included Beohar Rajendra Simha,
Ravishankar ShuklaRaj's father is called Manshuklal and he's name after him.Pandit Ravishankar Shukla , was a leader of the Indian National Congress, Indian independence movement activist, the Premier of the Central Provinces and Berar from 27 April 1946 to 25 January 1950, the first Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh...
, Sunderlal Tapasvi, Laxman Singh Chauhan,
Seth Govind DasSeth Govind Das was a freedom fighter and a distinguished parliamentarian. He belonged to the famous Maheshwari merchant family of Raja Gokuldas of Jabalpur....
, Harihar Vyas, Maheshdatt Mishra, Deviprasad Shukla,
Subhadra Kumari ChauhanSubhadra Kumari Chauhan was an Indian poetess famous for her emotionally charged Hindi songs.-Early life:Born in Nihalpur village in Allahabad District in Uttar Pradesh. She initially studied in the Crosthwaite Girls’ School in Allahabad and passed the middle-school examination in 1919...
, Hukumchand Narad,
Makhanlal ChaturvediPandit Makhanlal Chaturvedi , also called Panditji, was an Indian poet, writer, essayist, playwright and a journalist who is particularly remembered for his participation in India's national struggle for independence and his contribution to Chhayavaad , the Neo-romanticism movement of Hindi...
, Balmukund Tripathi,
Dwarka Prasad MishraPt. Dwarka Prasad Mishra , an Indian National Congress politician was a former Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh.He was twice the chief minister of the state from 30 September 1963 to 8 March 1967 and 9 March 1967 to 29 July 1967....
, Kunjilal Dubey, Narsinghdas Agrawal, Rameshwarprasad Guru, Bhawaniprasad Tiwari, Kashiprasad Pandey, Nathuram Vyas, Chidambaram Pillai, Sawaimal Jain, Satyendra Mishra, Sitaram Jadhav, Mulayamchand Jain and many-many more..
The Tripuri Congress session in 1939 was presided over by
Subhash Chandra BoseSubhas Chandra Bose known by name Netaji was an Indian revolutionary who led an Indian national political and military force against Britain and the Western powers during World War II. Bose was one of the most prominent leaders in the Indian independence movement and is a legendary figure in...
. Jhanda Satyagraha was launched under Lokmanya Tilak's direction. A Congress session was held at
Vishnudatt Shukla Nagar at TilwaraGhat (near Jubbulpore) in 1939 when
Subhash Chandra BoseSubhas Chandra Bose known by name Netaji was an Indian revolutionary who led an Indian national political and military force against Britain and the Western powers during World War II. Bose was one of the most prominent leaders in the Indian independence movement and is a legendary figure in...
was elected the Congress President against the wishes of
Mahatma GandhiMohandas Karamchand Gandhi , pronounced . 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was the pre-eminent political and ideological leader of India during the Indian independence movement...
.
After India's independence in 1947,
Jubbulpore became
Jabalpur. Because of Bapu's strong linkages with Jabalpur and his very special love for it, his mortal remains were brought to the city after is martyrdom. After going through the entire city on Beohar Rajendra Simha's shoulders, the urn containing Mahatma Gandhi's ashes were immersed in holy river
NarmadaNarmada may refer to:* Narmada River of central India* Narmada district of Gujarat, India* The Narmada Dam Project, involving the construction of a series of large irrigation and hydroelectric multi purpose dams on the Narmada River in India...
by
Pt. R.S. ShuklaRaj's father is called Manshuklal and he's name after him.Pandit Ravishankar Shukla , was a leader of the Indian National Congress, Indian independence movement activist, the Premier of the Central Provinces and Berar from 27 April 1946 to 25 January 1950, the first Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh...
, Beohar Rajendra Simha,
Seth Govind DasSeth Govind Das was a freedom fighter and a distinguished parliamentarian. He belonged to the famous Maheshwari merchant family of Raja Gokuldas of Jabalpur....
and others on 12-02-1948 in TilwaraGhat where a massive unprecedented condolence meeting was held. In 1950-51, the
Central Provinces and BerarThe Central Provinces and Berar was a province of British India. The province comprised British conquests from the Mughals and Marathas in central India, and covered much of present-day Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra states. Its capital was Nagpur. The Central Provinces was formed in...
became the Indian state of
Madhya PradeshMadhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....
and Pandit Ravi Shankar Shukla became the first Chief Minister of a Congress led Government.
The city of Jabalpur was first chosen to become the capital of newly formed
Madhya PradeshMadhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....
but later the decision was somehow amended and
Bhopal was suddenly chosen the capital of the state under the pretext of defence settlements within Jabalpur despite the fact that many capitals viz.
LucknowLucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh in India. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division....
,
Dehradun- Geography :The Dehradun district has various types of physical geography from Himalayan mountains to Plains. Raiwala is the lowest point at 315 meters above sea level, and the highest points are within the Tiuni hills, rising to 3700 m above sea level...
,
DelhiDelhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
,
SecunderabadSecunderabad popularly known as the twin city of Hyderabad is located in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh north of Hyderabad. Named after Sikandar Jah, the third Nizam of the Asaf Jahi dynasty, Secunderabad was founded in 1806 AD as a British cantonment...
,
AhmedabadAhmedabad also known as Karnavati is the largest city in Gujarat, India. It is the former capital of Gujarat and is also the judicial capital of Gujarat as the Gujarat High Court has its seat in Ahmedabad...
,
ChennaiChennai , formerly known as Madras or Madarasapatinam , is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, located on the Coromandel Coast off the Bay of Bengal. Chennai is the fourth most populous metropolitan area and the sixth most populous city in India...
,
ShimlaShimla , formerly known as Simla, is the capital city of Himachal Pradesh. In 1864, Shimla was declared the summer capital of the British Raj in India. A popular tourist destination, Shimla is often referred to as the "Queen of Hills," a term coined by the British...
,
PatnaPaṭnā , is the capital of the Indian state of Bihar and the second largest city in Eastern India . Patna is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world...
, etc., have
cantonmentA cantonment is a temporary or semi-permanent military or police quarters. The word cantonment is derived from the French word canton meaning corner or district, as is the name of the Cantons of Switzerland. In South Asia, the term cantonment also describes permanent military stations...
s and other strategic defence establishments.
Geography
Jabalpur is located at 23.17°N 79.95°E.The central point of India is located in Jabalpur district. It has an average elevation of 411 metres (1348 ft).
Topography
The
topographyTopography is the study of Earth's surface shape and features or those ofplanets, moons, and asteroids...
of Jabalpur provides a picturesque setting for movies .The hills of Jabalpur, with varied mineral content are a popular destination for Geologists and Archaeologists.
The city is surrounded by low, rocky, and barren hillocks. The main water reservoirs of Khandari and Pariyat are located to the north-east direction of the city. Water is also drawn from
Narmada RiverThe Narmada , also called Rewa is a river in central India and the fifth largest river in the Indian subcontinent. It is the third largest river that completely flows within India after Ganges and Godavari...
by Public Health Dept.
The main crops are wheat, rice, pulses, oilseeds, and maize.Bargi Dam on the river Narmada is used for irrigation, water supply and power generation. The town is surrounded by several lakes and water tanks. The area is rich in limestone, refractory clay, bauxite, iron ore, manganese and other deposits.There are few industries connected with above minerals in the area.
Climate
{{climate chart
|Jabalpur
|9|26|19
|12|29|16
|16|34|16
|21|39|5
|26|42|11
|26|38|169
|24|31|382
|23|29|458
|23|31|188
|19|32|39
|13|29|12
|9|26|11
|source=
IMD
|float=right
|clear=none
}}
Jabalpur has a
humid subtropical climateA humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...
, typical of North-Central India. Summer starts in late March and last up to June. May is the hottest month with average temperatures reaching up to and beyond 45 C. They are followed by monsoon season, which lasts until early October, with a total precipitation of nearly 55 in (1386 mm). Winter starts in late November and last until early March. They peak in January with average temperature near 7 Jabalpur gets moderate rainfall of 35 to 38 in (889 to 965.2 mm) during July–September due to the
southwest monsoonMonsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea...
.
{{Weather box|location = Jabalpur
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = 26.5
|Feb high C = 28.8
|Mar high C = 34.3
|Apr high C = 38.7
|May high C = 40.4
|Jun high C = 36.2
|Jul high C = 30.3
|Aug high C = 28.2
|Sep high C = 30.9
|Oct high C = 32.4
|Nov high C = 29.7
|Dec high C = 26.9
|year high C =
|Jan low C = 9.8
|Feb low C = 11.4
|Mar low C = 16.2
|Apr low C = 21.2
|May low C = 24.4
|Jun low C = 24.1
|Jul low C = 22.6
|Aug low C = 21.9
|Sep low C = 21.1
|Oct low C = 18.1
|Nov low C = 13.9
|Dec low C = 10.6
|year low C =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 4
|Feb precipitation mm = 3
|Mar precipitation mm = 1
|Apr precipitation mm = 3
|May precipitation mm = 11
|Jun precipitation mm = 136
|Jul precipitation mm = 279
|Aug precipitation mm = 360
|Sep precipitation mm = 185
|Oct precipitation mm = 52
|Nov precipitation mm = 21
|Dec precipitation mm = 7
|year precipitation mm =
|Jan precipitation days = 0.8
|Feb precipitation days = 0.8
|Mar precipitation days = 0.3
|Apr precipitation days = 0.3
|May precipitation days = 1.8
|Jun precipitation days = 8.6
|Jul precipitation days = 15.9
|Aug precipitation days = 18.3
|Sep precipitation days = 8.6
|Oct precipitation days = 3.1
|Nov precipitation days = 1.4
|Dec precipitation days = 0.6
|Jan sun = 288.3
|Feb sun = 274.4
|Mar sun = 288.3
|Apr sun = 306.0
|May sun = 325.5
|Jun sun = 210.0
|Jul sun = 105.4
|Aug sun = 80.6
|Sep sun = 180.0
|Oct sun = 269.7
|Nov sun = 273.0
|Dec sun = 282.1
|year sun =
|source 1 =
HKO|date=August 2011}}
Demographics
{{As of|2001}} India
censusA census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, Jabalpur had a population of 1276853. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Jabalpur has an average literacy rate of 75%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 79%, and female literacy is 70%. In Jabalpur, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age. By 2015, estimates are that the city will double to two & half million people. Listed population of the city further increased with setting up of Central government units.
Jabalpur actually is the largest city of Madhya Pradesh but is counted after Bhopal and Indore, because a large population in the city does not come in control of Jabalpur municipal corporation the area includes census towns of VFJ, GCF, GIF, OFK,GWARIGHAT,PANAGAR,BARELA and MAHARAJPUR located within the city and some even in the centre of the city.Jabalpur is the largest urban agglomeration in Madhya Pradesh, 15th largest urban agglomeration in India and ranks 195th in the world with a population of 2,460,714 (2011).
Geographical location
{{NSEW|
KatniKatni is a town on the banks of the Katni River in Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Katni District. It is located in the Mahakoshal Region of Central India. The city is away from the Divisional Headquarters of the region, Jabalpur...
|Chindwada |
MandalaJalna is a city and a municipal council in Jalna district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Jalna was formerly a part of Nizam State as a tahsil of Aurangabad district....
|
NarsinghpurNarsinghpur or Narsimhapur is a town in Madhya Pradesh state of central India. Narsinghpur is the administrative headquarters of Narsinghpur District....
||||}}
Economy
The
NarmadaThe Narmada , also called Rewa is a river in central India and the fifth largest river in the Indian subcontinent. It is the third largest river that completely flows within India after Ganges and Godavari...
river bringing in fresh water from the Vindyachal Ranges has developed Jabalpur district into an agrarian economy. The land of the Narmada basin with its fertile alluvial soil gives good yields of sorghum, wheat, rice and millet in the villages around Jabalpur.
Important among commercial crops are pulses, oilseeds, cotton, sugar cane and medicinal crops. The state is poised for a breakthrough in soybean cultivation. In Kharif crops occupy 60% and
RabiRabi may refer to:* Rabi crop, spring harvest in India and Pakistan* Rabi cycle, in physics is the cyclic behaviour of a two-state quantum system in the presence of an oscillatory driving field...
crops 40% area with 71.4% area under food grain production. Nearly 59% of landholders are marginal whereas small farmers share 18% of farmland. Low literacy rates (35.45%), undulating topography, high percentages of waste land (13.2%), underdeveloped irrigation potential (23%), low ground water utilization, large proportion of rain fed agriculture (75%), practice of Kharif fallows (3.6%), low cropping intensity (131%), low fertilizer consumption (50 kg/ha), high proportion of low value crops, and high numbers of unproductive livestock constrain production in the state.
Jabalpur has a variety of industries largely based in mineral substances of economic value found in the district, although the ready-made garments industry is a substantial portion of production in Jabalpur.
Defence establishments started in the early 20th century. Jabalpur has four ordnance factories. The
Gun Carriage FactoryGun Carriage Factory Jabalpur, also known as G.C.F Jabalpur is a census town in Jabalpur district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. Located in the scenic surroundings of the Satpura Range, this small government township is built around its namesake defense establishment. It is about 3 km...
was started in the year 1904 is well equipped and manufacture gun parts, mounting, shells and a variety of the other product for war purpose. Vehicle Factory Jabalpur (VFJ) was started as manufacturer of trucks named
SHAKTIMAN. Other two are
Grey Iron Foundry (GIF) and
Ordnance Factory Khamaria (OFK).
Armed forces make a large portion of the city and economy in this city. The city has three regimental centres: Grenadiers, Jammu and Kashmir rifles and the Signals regiment. Jabalpur is also the Army Head Quarters of Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Chattisgarh, and Orissa (officially
Odisha).
Jabalpur is an important Divisional Headquarters having 8 districts: Jabalpur, Seoni,
Mandla-Demographics: India census, Mandla had a population of 45,907. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Mandla has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 82%, and female literacy is 72%. Majority of Population belongs Adivasi, so...
,
ChhindwaraChhindwara is a town and a municipality in Chhindwara district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Chhindwara District. Chhindwara is reachable by rail or road from adjacent cities Nagpur and Jabalpur...
, Narsimhapur,
KatniKatni is a town on the banks of the Katni River in Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Katni District. It is located in the Mahakoshal Region of Central India. The city is away from the Divisional Headquarters of the region, Jabalpur...
,
DindoriDindori District is a district of Madhya Pradesh state of central India. The town of Dindori is the district headquarters. The district is part of Shahdol Division.-Economy:...
,
BalaghatBalaghat is a city and a municipality in Balaghat district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Balaghat District. The town was originally called "Burha" or "Boora", but this name was replaced by "Balaghat", which was originally the name of the district...
. The Jabalpur District has been reconstituted on May 25, 1998. It now has four tehsils Jabalpur,
SihoraSihora is a town and a municipality in Jabalpur district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.-Geography:Sihora is located at . It has an average elevation of 386 metres...
, Patan and Kundam. Jabalpur also has the headquarters of the Madhya Pradesh State Electricity Board, Homeguards and many other State and Central Government Offices. There are 7 Blocks in the district with 1449 inhabited villages, 60 uninhabited, 1209 revenue villages and 4 forest villages. The presence of several industries in Jabalpur bolstered the industrial scenario of the city. However the industrial growth of the area owes much to the defense establishments and the four ordinance factories.
The presence of the military base and the ordinance factories have improved the infrastructure of the city. This have boosted the industrial development of Jabalpur. The four ordinance factories in Jabalpur are the Grey Iron foundry, the Ordinance factory in Khamaria, the Gun Carriage factory and the Vehicle Factory Jabalpur.
The important industries in Jabalpur are:
- Readymade Garments units
- Poultry/Hatchery
- Electrical goods industry
- Saw mills
- Wood cutting industry
- Industries relating to lime stone products
- Building materials
- Glassware
- Telephone parts
- Furniture making industry
- Shaw Wallace Gelatin Factory
- Steel Structures works
- Cement Industries
- Commercial Engineers & Body Builders Co Limited [CEBBCO ]
- Tobacco business
- Retail business
- Food processing industry
- Vendors for Coca-Cola India & Parle India
Culture
The presence of the river
NarmadaThe Narmada , also called Rewa is a river in central India and the fifth largest river in the Indian subcontinent. It is the third largest river that completely flows within India after Ganges and Godavari...
, rule of
GondThe Gondi, Goindi or Gond people are people in central India, spread over the states of Madhya Pradesh, eastern Maharashtra , Chhattisgarh, northern Andhra Pradesh, and Western Orissa. With over four million people, they are the largest tribe in Central India.The Gondi language is related to...
and Kalchuri-
MarathaThe Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
dynasties made Jabalpur a Hindu dominated area.
MughalThe Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
rule brought in a sizable
MuslimA Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
population. The city had Hindu-Muslim riots in the 1960s. There has been a sharp decline in these riots owing to gradual, yet slow path to progress. The culture is dominantly related to agricultural population of the city and surrounding areas. The food and clothing change with the harvest of crops in every season, usually observed by Hindus.
Jabalpur has a very cosmopolitan feel about it where you can find people of almost all major religions and castes in India. The city has Marwari, Bengali, Malyali, Tamil, Telugu, Kannadiga, Marathi, and Punjabi people in sizable ratios and there are people from other regions of India as well. The city has been a stage for many cultural inventions and many traditional rituals. The city has been peaceful since a long time after the 1960s and now is marching forward towards development in the spheres of infrastructure and industries.It is a city of culture,where each festival is celebrated with great pomp.But the major one is NAVRATRI AND DUSHEERA WITH IS CELEBRATED WITH FULL POMP AND ENERGY.Not only residents but also visiters from all over MP come to see the DURGA PRATIMAS of the city.
Communication services
Jabalpur is covered by a large network of optical fibre cables. There are four fixed telephone line operators in the city: BSNL, Reliance, Tata and Airtel. There are eight mobile phone companies in which GSM players include BSNL, Reliance, Vodafone, Idea, Airtel, Tata DoCoMo, Aircel, Videocon; CDMA services are offered by BSNL, Virgin Mobile, Tata Indicom and Reliance. 3G Mobile Services are provided by Idea, BSNL, Reliance,Tata Docomo and Vodafone.BSNL has two factories and India's biggest telecom training institute- BRBRAITT in Jabalpur.HQ of BSNL T&D Circle is also in Jabalpur.Internet broadband and IPTV services are provided by BSNL & Airtel
Airlines
The
Jabalpur Airport- Facilities :* Jabalpur Airport has parking apron for Two B-737 and Airbus A320* Night landing facilities* Flight information display* X RAY, CCTV camera...
(JLR),also known as Dumna Airport,is about 20 km from the city centre,airport is of category 6 and has night landing facility along with modern air terminal & air-taxi parking.Kingfisher Airlines operate daily flight services New delhi from the
Jabalpur Airport- Facilities :* Jabalpur Airport has parking apron for Two B-737 and Airbus A320* Night landing facilities* Flight information display* X RAY, CCTV camera...
.Indian Airlines also operates 4 times a week flight service from Jabalpur to Newdelhi.In addition there is an airtaxi connecting Jabalpur with
Bhopal,
IndoreIndore is one of the major city in India, the largest city and commercial center of the state of Madhya Pradesh in central India. Indore is located 190 km west of the state capital Bhopal. According to the 2011 Indian census, Indore city has a population of 1,960,631...
,
KanhaKanha or Kanhapad was one of the poets of Charjapad, the earliest known example of bangla literature. He was a tantric buddhist and his poems in Charjapad are written in a code, whereby every poem has a descriptive or narrative surface meaning but also encodes tantric buddhist teachings...
and Bandhavgarh.
Airlines and destination
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Airlines !! Destination
|-
| Air India || Delhi
|-
| Kingfisher || Delhi
|-
| Ventura Airconnect || Bhopal,Indore,Kanha,Bandhavgarh
|}
Road
Comfortable bus services is available for cities in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh.It has direct bus service to Indore, Nagpur, Bhopal, Raipur, Bilaspur, Gondiya, Wardha, Durg, Bhilai, Amravati, Chandrapur, Varanasi, Allahabad. For these cities Luxury/Sleeper/Air conditioned bus are available at good frequencies. Jabalpur is connected by road to Nagpur, Bhopal, Jaipur, Raipur, Allahabad, Hyderabad, Bangalore. Longest National Highway no.7 and National Highway no.12 run through the city. Consistent efforts are made by the Government of Madhya Pradesh and NHAI to keep roads in good condition. Many roads are being converted into four lane highways.
Railways
Jabalpur is the headquarters of West Central Railways and has direct rail connection to important cities like Mumbai, NewDelhi, Chennai, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Nagpur, Surat, Pune, Patna, Ludhiana, Jammu,Vasco-Da-Gama, Coimbatore, Bhopal, Indore, Agra, Jaipur, Varanasi, Kanpur,Vadodara, Bhubhaneshwar, Lucknow, Puri etc.. Work to convert Gondia-Nainpur-Jabalpur narrow gauge to broad gauge has been started under Project Unigauge. This will provide new options to reach areas of Southern India. Apart from
Jabalpur Main StationJabalpur Junction , is an important railway junction station of Jabalpur City in Madhya Pradesh. It is the headquarters of West Central Railway. The station is sometimes called the Jabalpur main station...
, Jabalpur city also has the Madan Mahal Station which generally caters to passengers from the inner part of the city and the Kachhpura goods shed which is used for transporting large goods and iron ore to port cities.
Local transport
Jabalpur's public transport system mainly consists of metro buses which runs on different routes and covers the urban and suburb area. Metro taxis, auto rikshaws and rickshaws are the other means of public transport available in the city.
Newspapers
The Jabalpur media houses employ both English and Hindi language reporting, and include:
- Dainik Bhaskar
Dainik Bhaskar is an Indian Hindi-language daily newspaper published by D B Corp Ltd.. It was started in year 1958 from Bhopal, the capital city of Madhya Pradesh...
- Swatantramat
- Nai Duniya
- Raj Express
- HariBhumi
- The Hitavada
- Nav Bharat
- Daily Deshbandhu
- Patrika
- People's Samachar
- Janprakash
- Pradesh Today
- Yash Bharat
- The hindu
Radio
The radio channels available in Jabalpur include:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Station Name !! Frequency(MHz) !! Tagline
|-
|
Red FMThe name Red FM refers to more than one radio station:* Red FM , a commercial radio network covering the remote areas of Western Australia* Red FM , an Indian radio brand with stations broadcasting at 93.5 MHz across the country...
|| 93.5 || Bajaate raho..
|-
| MY FM || 94.3 || Jiyo Dil se!
|-
|
Radio MirchiRadio Mirchi is a nationwide network of private FM radio stations in India. It is owned by the Entertainment Network India Ltd , which is one of the subsidiaries of The Times Group....
|| 98.3 || Its Hot!
|-
|
Radio DhamaalRadio Dhamaal is a Indian radio channel of BAG Group.*Location**106.4 in Ahmednagar**106.4 in Delhi**106.4 in Muzaffarpur**106.4 in Hisar**106.4 in Karnal**106.4 in Ranchi**106.4 in Jabalpur**106.4 in Dhule**106.4 in Patiala**106.4 in Shimla...
|| 106.4 || Dhinchak
|-
| Akashvani || 102.9 || __
|-
|
Gyan VaniGyan Vani is an educational FM radio station in several cities of India.-Description:Gyan Vani is an educational FM Radio station in several cities of India...
|| 105.6 || __
|}
Tourism
- BhedaGhat - Marble Rocks.
Bhedaghat, a major tourist attraction, a village situated on the banks of the
NarmadaThe Narmada , also called Rewa is a river in central India and the fifth largest river in the Indian subcontinent. It is the third largest river that completely flows within India after Ganges and Godavari...
, is known for its marble rocks at a distance about 25 km from Jabalpur by road.
Major attractions are the Duandhar waterfall, marble gorge, and the Chausath Yogini temple. Boat ride is available from the Panchavti ghat in amist several kilometer long marble gorge in river
NarmadaNarmada may refer to:* Narmada River of central India* Narmada district of Gujarat, India* The Narmada Dam Project, involving the construction of a series of large irrigation and hydroelectric multi purpose dams on the Narmada River in India...
.
The BhedaGhat and Dhuandhar serve as a site for movie shooting, and marble for statuary.
The Dhuandhar Falls in Bhedaghat is a well known sight where one witnesses beautiful scenery and complete tranquility. The beautiful falls is rough yet calm, soft yet loud and undoubtedly breathtaking.The
waterfallA waterfall is a place where flowing water rapidly drops in elevation as it flows over a steep region or a cliff.-Formation:Waterfalls are commonly formed when a river is young. At these times the channel is often narrow and deep. When the river courses over resistant bedrock, erosion happens...
is located 25 km from Jabalpur on the
NarmadaThe Narmada , also called Rewa is a river in central India and the fifth largest river in the Indian subcontinent. It is the third largest river that completely flows within India after Ganges and Godavari...
river.Dhuandhar Falls or the smoke cascade is a beautiful waterfall in Bhedaghat. The Narmada River after passing the Marble Rocks narrows to become a smoky waterfall. The plunge of Dhuandhar Falls is sudden and hence has a greater effect. This beautiful fall is a spectacular sight in Bhedaghat.
- Chausath-Yogini (Sixty Four female Yogis).
The
Chausath-Yogini temple is situated atop a hill rock and approached by a long flight of steps. Dedicated to Lord
ShivaShiva is a major Hindu deity, and is the destroyer god or transformer among the Trimurti, the Hindu Trinity of the primary aspects of the divine. God Shiva is a yogi who has notice of everything that happens in the world and is the main aspect of life. Yet one with great power lives a life of a...
, this c. 10th century CE temple has carved stone figures of deities belonging to the
Kalchuri period, arranged in a circular order. According to local legends, this ancient
templeA temple is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities, such as prayer and sacrifice, or analogous rites. A templum constituted a sacred precinct as defined by a priest, or augur. It has the same root as the word "template," a plan in preparation of the building that was marked out...
is connected to the Gond Queen-Mother Durgavati's palace of Singaurgarh in Sangrampur as well as to the Maharaja Madansahi's
Madan-Mahal bastion through underground passages. These passages offered safety to the visiting royalties in addition to allowing escape route in times of distress.
The holy location is a few kilometers upstream of the Marble Rocks accessible from the Dhuadhar waterfall as well as the Tilwara-Medical bypass. There are several temples constructed by the
Beohar-dynasty between c. 16-18th century CE, including the till-top Radhika-Madhav Temple (also referred to as Radha-Krishna/Radha-Govind Temple), and Rudra-Bhaskar (also known as Shiv-Surya Temple). The entire temple complex, housing about 6-7 temples and a dharmshala on the banks of
NarmadaThe Narmada , also called Rewa is a river in central India and the fifth largest river in the Indian subcontinent. It is the third largest river that completely flows within India after Ganges and Godavari...
, is collectively referred-to as
Shankarji Maharaj Mandir Parisar after the main temple. Most of the temples were constructed either by R.R. Sardar-Beohar Kehari Simha (c. 1735-1845) or his son Beohar Dariyav Simha (c.1760-1850). Following the earthquake of 1997, some of these are dilapidated whereas others have been repaired and/or renovated. Even the ghats were first constructed by the
Beohar-dynasty which are recently refurbished extensively with funds from
Narmada Ghati Vikas Pradhikaran or
Narmada Valley Development AuthorityNarmada Valley Development Authority Narmada River is the lifeline of Madhya Pradesh. With 87% of its catchment area lying in Madhya Pradesh, it becomes all the more important for the state to exploit this enormous water resource. It was with this motto in mind that the Narmada Valley Development...
NVDA. Though open to public at large, the temples actually belong to
Beohar-family's private trust, the
Sri Radhakrishna Charitable Private Trust, Managing Trustee Beohar Dr Anupam Sinha and the local custodianship is under the family priest Pandit Santosh Dubey Ji Maharaj.
Lameta formationThe Lameta Formation is a sedimentary rock formation found in Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Maharashtra, India. It is of Maastrichtian age , and is notable for its dinosaur fossils...
s,
LametasaurusLametasaurus named for the Lameta Formation, Jabalpur, India, is the generic name given to a possible dubious dinosaur species. Originally it indicated a possible chimera composed of several different animals....
,
JubbulpuriaJubbulpuria is the name given to a dubious genus of small dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of India.The genus was in 1932 named by Friedrich von Huene. The generic name refers to Jabalpur in the vicinity of which the fossils were found. The type species, Jubbulpuria tenuis, was described by von...
, etc., are world-famous terms given after this place - hence it is far more important a destination on global tourism map than Bheraghat or Marble Rocks, and is far more likely to be nominated as UNESCO's
World Heritage SiteA UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance...
.
Where
Mahatma Gandhi'sMohandas Karamchand Gandhi , pronounced . 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was the pre-eminent political and ideological leader of India during the Indian independence movement...
ashes were immersed in the
NarmadaThe Narmada , also called Rewa is a river in central India and the fifth largest river in the Indian subcontinent. It is the third largest river that completely flows within India after Ganges and Godavari...
by Beohar Rajendra Simha, Pandit
Ravishankar ShuklaRaj's father is called Manshuklal and he's name after him.Pandit Ravishankar Shukla , was a leader of the Indian National Congress, Indian independence movement activist, the Premier of the Central Provinces and Berar from 27 April 1946 to 25 January 1950, the first Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh...
, Laxman Singh Chauhan,
Seth Govind DasSeth Govind Das was a freedom fighter and a distinguished parliamentarian. He belonged to the famous Maheshwari merchant family of Raja Gokuldas of Jabalpur....
and other national leaders.
- Rani Durgavati Memorial and Museum.
Dedicated to the memory of the great Queen-Mother Rani Durgavati, the monument is on
Samadhi-road off Barela/Mandla/Raipur Highway on the banks of Narrai rivulet in the village Barha some 15 km from Jabalpur.
In the city, there is a museum which houses a fine collection of Sculptures, Inscriptions and Prehistoric Relics. The museum also has independent halls for coins and another for Gonds in the first floor. Despite region's rich political pre-independence history, there are no
Sanads (manuscripts) and sepia photographs on display. The ground floor houses sculptures from ancient times. The museum also sells its publications. Its Contemporary Art Gallery has recently been upgraded by INTACH to world standards and houses painting of M.F. Hussain.
Rani Avanti Bai Lodhi Sagar (RABLS) Project is major project situated on river
NarmadaThe Narmada , also called Rewa is a river in central India and the fifth largest river in the Indian subcontinent. It is the third largest river that completely flows within India after Ganges and Godavari...
in Jabalpur Distt. It is commonly known as Bargi Dam. The project comprises 5.38 km. long Earthen and Masonry Dam across river Narmada near village Bargi. It has 90 MW River Bed Power House and 137 km. long Left Bank Main Canal (LBMC). It is located on the Jabalpur - Nagpur NH - 7 highway and is about 40 km from Jabalpur city.
Madhya Pradesh State Tourism Development Corporation (MPSTDC) has encouraged water sports in Bargi dam. Tourists can enjoy
cruiseA cruise ship or cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages, where the voyage itself and the ship's amenities are part of the experience, as well as the different destinations along the way...
ride, motor boat ride, speed boat ride in reservoir water. MP Tourism runs a hotel and restaurant at Bargi Dam.
- Shaeed Smarak (Matyrs' Memorial)
A historic and monumental circular building in what was known as Gole-Bazar during British times and also as Wright Town. Shaheed Smarak has
frescoFresco is any of several related mural painting types, executed on plaster on walls or ceilings. The word fresco comes from the Greek word affresca which derives from the Latin word for "fresh". Frescoes first developed in the ancient world and continued to be popular through the Renaissance...
murals or wall-paintings by Beohar Rammanohar Sinha and his colleagues from
SantiniketanSantiniketan is a small town near Bolpur in the Birbhum district of West Bengal, India, approximately 180 kilometres north of Kolkata . It was made famous by Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore, whose vision became what is now a university town that attracts thousands of visitors each year...
on the walls, balcony, parapet and dome. The central theme of the frescoes is India's war of independence, fought between 16th and 19th century CE, starting with Rani Durgavati gearing-up against Moghul Emperor Akbar's attack on Garha-Mandla (Jabalpur). Painted by the famous Beohar Rammanohar Sinha, this is the first painting ever made on Rani Durgavati. The provincial congress committee in the 1950s constructed an auditorium in the shape of a miniaturized version of Delhi's Parliament House with a hall in the middle, a corridor running around it, and rooms for art and cultural activities including an Art Gallery. It is now being looked-after by a Public Trust.
A building in the old city area of Hanuman Tal has been residence of Malpani family of Jabalpur.
Built by the Gond ruler Maharaja Madansahi in c. 1116 CE atop a rocky hill, the bastion dominates the skyline. The building is supposed to have been a part of his pleasure resort cum watch tower. The building is a plain and simple structure without any ornamention. It stands now like a watch tower on the summit of a hill poised on two gigantic hills, the upper part of which on one side overhangs the base and commands a magnificent view over the rich valley around. Looking at the structure and location of the building, it appears that it indeed served as a watch tower. At a short distance, an
Ashwa-Shala (stable) exists and a
Hathi-Khana (elephant cell) existed where the LIC office stands today. Close by is a
Baoli (step-well) for constant supply of fresh potable water to the bastion.
Jabalpur is also famous for an eroded volcanic rock formations called
Balancing Rock. This rock is enroute to the
Madan-Mahal bastion near Deotal.
- SangramSagar and BajnaMath
These medieval places of
Tantra Sadhna were built by the Gond ruler Maharaja Sangramsahi between c. 1480-1540 CE.
Small nature reserve and old dam on the way to Jabalpur's Dumna aerodrome. Madhya Pradesh Tourism department runs a cafeteria here and whole place has great scenic beauty along with ample wild life.
Constructed soon after completion of the building which now houses the High Court of MP. This private manor has had the singular honour of hosting several visiting luminaries including
Mahatma GandhiMohandas Karamchand Gandhi , pronounced . 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was the pre-eminent political and ideological leader of India during the Indian independence movement...
, Dr.
Rajendra PrasadDr. Rajendra Prasad was an Indian politician and educator. He was one of the architects of the Indian Republic, having drafted its first constitution and serving as the first president of independent India...
,
Jawaharlal NehruJawaharlal Nehru , often referred to with the epithet of Panditji, was an Indian statesman who became the first Prime Minister of independent India and became noted for his “neutralist” policies in foreign affairs. He was also one of the principal leaders of India’s independence movement in the...
,
Vinoba BhaveVinoba Bhave , born Vinayak Narahari Bhave often called Acharya , was an Indian advocate of nonviolence and human rights. He is best known for the Bhoodan Andolan...
, Osho,
Bacha KhanKhan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was an Afghan, Pashtun political and spiritual leader known for his non-violent opposition to British Rule in India...
, Mirabehn,
Jamnalal BajajJamnalal Bajaj was an Indian industrialist, a philanthropist, and Indian independence fighter. He was also a close associate and follower of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi is known to have adopted him as his son. Several institutions in India bears his name, including the Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of...
,
Maithili Sharan GuptMaithilisharan Gupt was one of the most important modern Hindi poets. He is considered among the pioneers of Khari Boli poetry and wrote in Khari Boli at a time when most Hindi poets favoured the use of Brajbhasha.- Early life :Born Chirgaon, Jhansi in a Gahoi family...
,
Shankar Dayal SharmaShankar Dayal Sharma was the ninth President of India serving from 1992 to 1997. Prior to his presidency, Dr Sharma had been the eighth Vice President of India, serving under President Ramaswamy Venkataraman...
, Kaka Kalelkar,
Thakkar BapaAmritlal Vithaldas Thakkar, popularly known as Thakkar Bapa was an Indian social worker who worked for upliftment of tribal people in Gujarat state in India. He became a member of the Servants of India Society founded by Gopal Krishna Gokhale in 1914. In 1922, he founded the Bhil Seva Mandal...
,
Makhanlal ChaturvediPandit Makhanlal Chaturvedi , also called Panditji, was an Indian poet, writer, essayist, playwright and a journalist who is particularly remembered for his participation in India's national struggle for independence and his contribution to Chhayavaad , the Neo-romanticism movement of Hindi...
,
Somnath HoreSomnath Hore was an Indian sculptor and printmaker. His sketches, sculptures and prints were a reaction to major historical crises and events of 20th century Bengal, such as the Bengal Famine of 1943 and the Tebhaga movement.- Early life :...
, Arunachal Perumal, Maharshi Mahesh Yogi,
Medha PatkarMedha Patkar is an Indian social activist. She is known for her role in Narmada Bachao Andolan. She has also filed a public interest petition in the Bombay high court against Lavasa along with other members of National Alliance of People's Movements , including Anna Hazare.-Personal life:Medha...
,
Nirmal VermaNirmal Verma was a Hindi writer, novelist, activist and translator. He is credited as being one of pioneers of ‘Nayi Kahani’ literary movement of Hindi literature, wherein his first collection of stories, ‘Parinde’ is considered its first signature.In his career spanning five decades and various...
,
RehmanRehman was an Indian film actor whose career spanned from late 1940s through to late 1970s. He was an integral part of the Guru Dutt team, and most known for his roles in films, like Pyaasa , Chaudhvin Ka Chand , Sahib Bibi Aur Ghulam and Waqt...
, etc. History books of the early 1820-1830s refer to the vast expanse/estate of this manor as Jamnera and subsequently
Beohar-Grove. It was later converted to
Civil LinesCivil Lines is a term used for residential areas originally built by the British Raj for its senior officers. The Civil Lines, Delhi is a subdivision of North Delhi District in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, India and noted residential areas in Delhi. It is one of the 12 zones under the...
by the
BritishThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
. When the railway line was laid, it bisected the area into North and South, and this area became Civil Lines (North). This entire area is now popularly referred-to as
Beohar-Bagh, or Garden of the Beohars'. High Court of Madhya Pradesh is situated in this
Beohar-Bagh.
- Radha Krishna Temple-Complex incorporating the Shiva Temple (Beohar-dynasty)
These Vaishnav and Shaiva temples in Jabalpur were constructed by
Beohar-dynasty in c. 17-18th century CE and were the first temples in India to be opened to the Harijan (outcaste) in 1929 by Beohar Raghuvir Simha with his friends
Ghanshyam Das BirlaGhanshyam Das "G.D." Birla was an Indian businessman and member of the influential Birla Family.Birla's grandfather Shiv Narayana Birla wanted to diversify from the traditional marwari business of lending money against pawned items. He left Pilani, his hometown in Rajasthan with a modest capital...
and
Jamnalal BajajJamnalal Bajaj was an Indian industrialist, a philanthropist, and Indian independence fighter. He was also a close associate and follower of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi is known to have adopted him as his son. Several institutions in India bears his name, including the Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of...
. The RadhaKrishna temple houses the idols of Shri Radha-Krishna (gifted by Maharaja Chhatrasal of Panna to the ancestors of
Beohar-dynasty, supposed to be replicas of the idols of Bhagwan JugalKishore ji), along side Shri Ram-Janki ji and other Gods and Goddesses.
- Bandhavgarh National Park
This national reserve forest has the highest density of tigers in the world, making it a good place to see a tiger in its natural habitat. It is in this valley where the white tiger was discovered.About 155 km from Jabalpur by road to Umaria.Jabalpur is the major railhead nearest to Bandhavgarh,it can be reached from here by 3–4 hours drive.
The park was created in 1955 by a special law and, since then, it has dedicated itself in preserving a variety of animal species. Many endangered species have indeed been saved here. Today Kanha is among the few most scenic and beautiful wildlife reserves in Asia. This 'Tiger Country' is the ideal home for both predator and prey.
Kanha National ParkKanha National Park is a national park and a Tiger Reserve in the Mandla and Balaghat districts of Madhya Pradesh, India. In the 1930s, Kanha area was divided into two sanctuaries, Hallon and Banjar, of 250 and 300 km² . Kanha National Park was created on 1 June, 1955. Today it stretches over an...
is one of the biggest national parks in India and
Project TigerProject Tiger was launched in 1972 in India. The project aims at ensuring a viable population of tigers in their natural habitats and preserving areas of biological importance as a natural heritage for the people. The selection of areas for the reserves represented as close as possible the...
, the tiger conservation program in India.About 160 km from Jabalpur by road to Mandla.Jabalput is the ideal as a break point in the journey to Kanha as it is the Nearest Major Airport and railhead. Further details can be had from www.kanhavillage.com
Located on Jabalpur -Nagpur National Highway no.7 is one of the famous national tiger and bison park around Jabalpur & possibly the setting of
Rudyard KiplingJoseph Rudyard Kipling was an English poet, short-story writer, and novelist chiefly remembered for his celebration of British imperialism, tales and poems of British soldiers in India, and his tales for children. Kipling received the 1907 Nobel Prize for Literature...
's Jungle Book. About 190 km from Jabalpur by road,3–4 hours drive from here and the road is also excellent.
The breathtaking scenic beauty of
Beohar-Sarovar also known popularly as
Burhan-Sagar is about 20 km on NH7 (Jabalpur-Sihora section), and can be reached by turning westward on Burhagarh-Deonagar concrete road 2 km off NH7. Since mid-17th century CE when Burhagarh and Singodh villages were won by R.R. Beohar Dariyav Simha after defeating
pindariThe Pendharis or Free Companions were dispersed throughout the Maratha states and were countenanced and protected by the Maratha chiefs to whom they acted as agents for supplying all the commissariat required by their armies. They were composed of different tribes who congregated together solely...
invader Mir Khan (later Nawab Amir Khan of Rajputana), it had been the summer retreat of the
Beohars (erstwhile Jagirdars of Jabalpur) and remains full of water all year round with lots of natural
Indian lotusNelumbo nucifera, known by a number of names including Indian Lotus, Sacred Lotus, Bean of India, or simply Lotus, is a plant in the monogeneric family Nelumbonaceae...
es. It is also frequented by migratory birds and is a roving-avian haven for the
Painted StorkThe Painted Stork is a large wading bird in the stork family. It is found in the wetlands of the plains of tropical Asia south of the Himalayas in South Asia and extending into Southeast Asia. Their distinctive pink tertial feathers give them their name. They forage in flocks in shallow waters...
s. The natural flow of rain water has been stopped by piling-up earth and lining the ridge with stone blocks thereby creating a reservoir. Several centuries ago, the construction of this ridged-dam was supervized by one Bodhraj/Burhan Shripaal who worked for the
Beohar-family, hence the names 'Beohar-Sarovar' and also
Burhan-Sagar. The village Burhagarh is situated on a hillock on top of which stood the Citadel of
Beohars. As a guest of Beohar Rajendra Simha in 1933,
Mahatma GandhiMohandas Karamchand Gandhi , pronounced . 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was the pre-eminent political and ideological leader of India during the Indian independence movement...
stayed here. Beohar Rajendra Simha subsequently named this village
GandhiGram.
A Vijayanagar suburb of Jabalpur, famous for a 76 feet (23.2 m) high Lord Shiva statue which houses a cavern with replicas of Shivalingam from 12 important holy shrines of Lord Shiva all over the country.The statue is excellent work of fine art.
Snooker
The game of
snookerSnooker is a cue sport that is played on a green baize-covered table with pockets in each of the four corners and in the middle of each of the long side cushions. A regular table is . It is played using a cue and snooker balls: one white , 15 worth one point each, and six balls of different :...
was conceived in Jabalpur. The origins of the game of snooker are generally regarded as being in the latter half of the 19th century.
BilliardsCue sports , also known as billiard sports, are a wide variety of games of skill generally played with a cue stick which is used to strike billiard balls, moving them around a cloth-covered billiards table bounded by rubber .Historically, the umbrella term was billiards...
had been a popular activity amongst British army officers stationed in India who took the idea from the Indian game
carromCarrom is a family of tabletop games with gameplay that lies somewhere between billiards and table shuffleboard. Carrom is known by many names around the world, including carrum, couronne, carum, karam, karom, karum, fatta and finger billiards...
, and variations on the more traditional billiard games were devised. One variation was to add coloured balls in addition to the reds and black which were used for pyramid pool and life pool. This gave birth to the game of snooker. It is generally accepted that a
Colonel Sir Neville ChamberlainSir Neville Francis Fitzgerald Chamberlain KCB KCVO KPM was a British Army officer, and later Inspector-General of the Royal Irish Constabulary who resigned in the aftermath of the 1916 Easter Rising in Ireland...
(no relation to the World War II Prime Minister) conceived the game in the British Army Officer's Mess in Jubbulpore, India, in 1875.
Jabalpur Cantonment
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Jabalpur Cantonment is one of the largest and most important cantonments of India spread in a beautifully developed vast and green area of about 7040 acres (28.5 km²) and population of 66,499 as per 2001 Census. It comprises Civil areas, Army formations and establishments like HQ Madhya Bharat Area, JAK Rifles Regimental Centre,
GrenadiersThe Grenadiers are an infantry regiment of the Indian Army, formerly part of the Bombay Army and later the pre-independence Indian Army, when the regiment was known as the 4th Bombay Grenadiers. It has distinguished itself during the two world wars and also since the Independence of India...
Regimental Centre, Signal Training Centre, College of Material Management, Central Ordnance Depot, 506 Army Base Workshop, Military Hospital, HQ Chief Engineer Jabalpur Zone, Military Dairy Farm and HQ Recruiting Zone. Besides these, civil organizations under Ministry of Defence are Cantonment Board, Defence Estates Officer Jabalpur Circle and Controller of Defence Accounts. Bharat Ratna Bhimrao Ambedkar Institute of Telecom Training, a national level training institute of senior officers of BSNL, is also situated at the cantonement.
Cantonment Boards are statutorily constituted local bodies, composed of elected representatives, ex-officio and nominated members. Jabalpur Cantonment is a Class-I Cantonment in which the Board normally consists of President, Chief Executive Officer, eight elected members including the Vice president, 3 nominated members, 2 ex-officio members (besides the Station Commander as President) i.e. Garrison Engineer and SEMO and one nominated member of the District Magistrate. The CEO is a senior officer from the Indian Defence Estates Service, Group A (one of the Central Civil Services) who also acts as the Member-Secretary of the Board. The Station Commander of the Station is the Ex-officio President of the Cantonment Board who presides over the meetings of the Board. The GOC-in-Chief, of the Army Command concerned, acts as the local Govt. for the Cantonment Boards situated within his Command.
The present President is Brig. S. K. Pillai, VSM while Shri K.J.S.Chauhan, IDES is the Chief Executive Officer of Jabalpur Cantt Board.
Major educational institutes
Jabalpur has many old and prestigious institutes of Madhya Pradesh:
Some of them are:
- Xavier Institute of Management(XIMJ)
IIITDM - Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing (Union Government)
- JNAU - Jawaharlal Nehru Agriculture University (State Government)
- RDU - Rani Durgavati University (erstwhile Jabalpur University) (State Government)
- Veterinary University (State Government)
- NSCBMU - Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical University (State Government)
- JEC - Jabalpur Engineering College
- SRIT Shri Ram Institute of Technology
- TIETECH- Takshshila Institute Of Engineering & Technology
- HCET- Hitkarni College Of Engineering & Technology
- JCCC- Jabalpur college of computer and communication
- GGITS- Gyan Ganga Institute of Technologies & Sciences
Entertainment
Jabalpur has 3 big malls and Mini Malls.
- Treasure Island Mall | Area: Narmada Road (Under Construction)
- South Avenue Mall & Big Bazaar| Area: Narmada Road
- Samdariya Mall | Area: Civic Center
- Dixit Pride | Area: Old Napier Town(Under Construction)
Food & Beverage
- 10 Downing Street pub in South Avenue Mall
- Punjabi Pind Da Dhaba (4th Floor Samdareeya Mall)
- Cafe Cafe Day
- Coffee Culture
- Dominos(south avenue mall)
- Samdareeya's Food Court (Samdareeya Mall)
- Indian Coffee House
- Food Junction
- Sadar Chaat Choupati
External links
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- http://www.myjabalpur.tk - Know all the Happenings of Jabalpur and NIC Jabalpur. News, Photos, Videos, Events.
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