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János Sajnovics de Tordas et Káloz (1733—1785) was a Hungarian
Hungary

Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....
 linguist
Linguistics

Linguistics is the science study of natural language. Linguistics encompasses a number of sub-fields. An important topical division is between the study of language structure and the study of Meaning ....
 and Jesuit
Society of Jesus

The Society of Jesus is a Roman Catholic religious order of clerks regular whose members are called Jesuits, Soldiers of Jesus Christ, and Foot soldiers of the Pope, because the founder, Saint Ignatius of Loyola, was a knight before becoming a Holy Orders....
. He is best known for his pioneering work in comparative linguistics
Comparative linguistics

Comparative linguistics is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages in order to establish their history relatedness....
, particularly his systematic demonstratation of the relationship between Sami
Sami languages

Sami or Saami is a general name for a group of Uralic languages spoken by the Sami people in parts of northern Finland, Norway, Sweden and extreme northwestern Russia, in Northern Europe....
 and Hungarian
Hungarian language

Hungarian is a Uralic languages unrelated to most other languages in Europe. It is mainly spoken in Hungary and by the Hungarian minorities in the seven neighbouring countries....
. Sajnovics was a pupil of the astronomer and mathematician Maximilian Hell
Maximilian Hell

Maximilian Hell was a Hungarian people and -according to slovak sources- Slovak people Astronomy and an ordained Society of Jesus priest from the Kingdom of Hungary....
. When Hell planned an expedition to observe the transit of Venus
Transit of Venus

A transit of Venus across the Sun takes place when the planet Venus passes directly between the Sun and Earth, obscuring a small portion of the solar disk....
 in Vardø
Vardø

is a List of cities in Norway and a Municipalities of Norway in Finnmark Counties of Norway in the extreme northeast part of Norway.Vard? was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 ....
, northern Norway
Norway

Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula....
 in June, 1769, he took Sajnovics with him. Hell had heard that the Hungarian and Lapp (Sami) languages were related and thought that Sajnovics, as a native Hungarian speaker, would be able to investigate the connection.






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János Sajnovics de Tordas et Káloz (1733—1785) was a Hungarian
Hungary

Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....
 linguist
Linguistics

Linguistics is the science study of natural language. Linguistics encompasses a number of sub-fields. An important topical division is between the study of language structure and the study of Meaning ....
 and Jesuit
Society of Jesus

The Society of Jesus is a Roman Catholic religious order of clerks regular whose members are called Jesuits, Soldiers of Jesus Christ, and Foot soldiers of the Pope, because the founder, Saint Ignatius of Loyola, was a knight before becoming a Holy Orders....
. He is best known for his pioneering work in comparative linguistics
Comparative linguistics

Comparative linguistics is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages in order to establish their history relatedness....
, particularly his systematic demonstratation of the relationship between Sami
Sami languages

Sami or Saami is a general name for a group of Uralic languages spoken by the Sami people in parts of northern Finland, Norway, Sweden and extreme northwestern Russia, in Northern Europe....
 and Hungarian
Hungarian language

Hungarian is a Uralic languages unrelated to most other languages in Europe. It is mainly spoken in Hungary and by the Hungarian minorities in the seven neighbouring countries....
. Sajnovics was a pupil of the astronomer and mathematician Maximilian Hell
Maximilian Hell

Maximilian Hell was a Hungarian people and -according to slovak sources- Slovak people Astronomy and an ordained Society of Jesus priest from the Kingdom of Hungary....
. When Hell planned an expedition to observe the transit of Venus
Transit of Venus

A transit of Venus across the Sun takes place when the planet Venus passes directly between the Sun and Earth, obscuring a small portion of the solar disk....
 in Vardø
Vardø

is a List of cities in Norway and a Municipalities of Norway in Finnmark Counties of Norway in the extreme northeast part of Norway.Vard? was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 ....
, northern Norway
Norway

Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula....
 in June, 1769, he took Sajnovics with him. Hell had heard that the Hungarian and Lapp (Sami) languages were related and thought that Sajnovics, as a native Hungarian speaker, would be able to investigate the connection. Sajnovics published the results of his research in his Demonstratio idioma Hungarorum et Lapporum idem esse (1770), which was a breakthrough in the study of Finno-Ugric languages
Finno-Ugric languages

Finno-Ugric is a group of languages in the Uralic languages family, comprising Finnish language, Estonian language, Hungarian language and related languages....
. Sajnovics's ideas were further developed by Samuel Gyarmathi
Samuel Gyarmathi

S?muel Gyarmathi was a Hungary linguistics, born in Cluj-Napoca . He is best known for his systematic demonstration of the comparative linguistics of the Finno-Ugric languages in the book Affinitas linguae hungaricae cum linguis fennicae originis grammatice demonstrata which built on the earlier work of J?nos Sajnovics....
.

Sources

  • Denis Sinor The Uralic languages: description, history and foreign influences (Brill, 1988)