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Ivan Kotlyarevsky

 
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Ivan Petrovych Kotlyarevsky (Poltava
Poltava

File:Poltava 1850 Main Square.PNGFile:October Parc Poltava 1550.JPGPoltava is a city in central Ukraine. It is the Capital city of the Poltava Oblast , as well as the administrative center of the surrounding Poltavskyi Raion within the oblast....
 – , Poltava), was a Ukrainian
Ukraine

Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south....
 writer, poet and playwright, regarded as the pioneer of modern Ukrainian literature
Ukrainian literature

Ukrainian literature is literature written in the Ukrainian language. Ukrainian literature had a difficult development because, due to constant foreign domination over Ukraine, there was often a significant difference between the spoken and written language....
.

r studying at the Poltava Theological Seminary (1780–1789), he worked as a tutor for the gentry
Gentry

Gentry generally refers to people of high social class, especially in the past. The word derives from the Latin gentis, meaning a clan or extended family....
 at rural estates, where he became familiar with Ukrainian folk life and the peasant vernacular
Vernacular

Vernacular refers to the native language of a country or a locality. In general linguistics, it is used to describe local languages as opposed to Lingua franca, official standards or global languages....
. He served in the Imperial Russian Army between 1796 and 1808.






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Ivan Petrovych Kotlyarevsky (Poltava
Poltava

File:Poltava 1850 Main Square.PNGFile:October Parc Poltava 1550.JPGPoltava is a city in central Ukraine. It is the Capital city of the Poltava Oblast , as well as the administrative center of the surrounding Poltavskyi Raion within the oblast....
 – , Poltava), was a Ukrainian
Ukraine

Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south....
 writer, poet and playwright, regarded as the pioneer of modern Ukrainian literature
Ukrainian literature

Ukrainian literature is literature written in the Ukrainian language. Ukrainian literature had a difficult development because, due to constant foreign domination over Ukraine, there was often a significant difference between the spoken and written language....
.

Biography

After studying at the Poltava Theological Seminary (1780–1789), he worked as a tutor for the gentry
Gentry

Gentry generally refers to people of high social class, especially in the past. The word derives from the Latin gentis, meaning a clan or extended family....
 at rural estates, where he became familiar with Ukrainian folk life and the peasant vernacular
Vernacular

Vernacular refers to the native language of a country or a locality. In general linguistics, it is used to describe local languages as opposed to Lingua franca, official standards or global languages....
. He served in the Imperial Russian Army between 1796 and 1808. In 1810 he became the trustee
Trustee

Trustee is a legal term that refers to a holder of property on behalf of a beneficiary . A Trust law can be set up either to benefit particular persons, or for any Charitable trust : typical examples are a testamentary trust for the testator's children and family, a pension trust , and a charitable trust....
 of an institution for the education of children of impoverished nobles. In 1812, during the French invasion of Imperial Russia he organized a Cossack cavalry
Cavalry

The Cavalry is the second oldest of the Combat Arms, and as soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat, it represents the mobility and offensive power of the armed forces....
 regiment to fight the French and served in it as a major
Major

In many European languages, the term Major refers to a military rank, denoting seniority at one of usually various levels of rank, for example: "Sergeant-Major" denoting the most senior ranking sergeant of a large military unit; "Captain-Major", denoting a mid-level command status Officer ...
.

He helped stage theatrical productions at the Poltava governor-general's residence and was the artistic director of the Poltava Theater between 1812 and 1821. From 1827 to 1835 he directed several philanthropic
Philanthropy

Philanthropy derives from Latin, meaning "to love people". Philanthropy is the act of donation money, goods, services, time and/or effort to support a socially beneficial cause, with a defined objective and with no financial or material reward to the donor....
 agencies and was a member of the Poltava
Poltava

File:Poltava 1850 Main Square.PNGFile:October Parc Poltava 1550.JPGPoltava is a city in central Ukraine. It is the Capital city of the Poltava Oblast , as well as the administrative center of the surrounding Poltavskyi Raion within the oblast....
 freemason lodge "Love for Truth" .

The first modern Ukrainian writer

First Eneyida
Ivan Kotlyarevsky's epic-style
Epic poetry

An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation....
 1798 poem Eneyida , is considered to be the first literary work published wholly in Ukrainian
Ukrainian language

Ukrainian is a language of the East Slavic languages of the Slavic languages. It is the official language of Ukraine. In some areas of Russia there are dialects, Balachka or Surzhyk, which are the Ukrainianized versions of the Russian language....
. Although Ukrainian was an everyday language to millions of people in the area now known as Ukraine, it was officially unrecognized and discouraged from literary use in the area controlled by Imperial Russia. Eneyida is a parody of Virgil
Virgil

Publius Vergilius Maro was a classical Roman poet, best known for three major works?the Bucolics , the Georgics and the Aeneid?although several Appendix Vergiliana are also attributed to him....
's Aeneid
Aeneid

The Aeneid is a Latin Epic poetry written by Virgil in the late 1st century BC that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Troy who traveled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Rome....
, where Kotlyarevsky transformed the Trojan
Troy

Troy is a legendary city and center of the Trojan War, as described in the Epic Cycle, and especially in the Iliad, one of the two epic poems attributed to Homer....
 heroes of Virgil’s Aeneid into Ukrainian Cossacks.

His two plays, also living classics, Natalka Poltavka
Natalka Poltavka

Natalka Poltavka is a Ukraine play written by Ivan Kotlyarevsky....
 (Natalka from Poltava
Poltava

File:Poltava 1850 Main Square.PNGFile:October Parc Poltava 1550.JPGPoltava is a city in central Ukraine. It is the Capital city of the Poltava Oblast , as well as the administrative center of the surrounding Poltavskyi Raion within the oblast....
) and Moskal'-Charivnyk (The Muscovite-Sorcerer), became the impetus for the development of Ukrainian national theater and opera.

External links

Eneida Coin
* in Encyclopædia Britannica
Encyclopædia Britannica

The Encyclop?dia Britannica is a general English language encyclopedia published by Encyclop?dia Britannica, Inc., a privately held company....
  • in Encyclopedia of Ukraine
  • in Welcome to Ukraine, 1999, 1
  • (translated into English)
  • (in Ukrainian)