Isle of Arran
The Isle of Arran is the largest island in the
Firth of Clyde . It is in the
unitary council area of
North Ayrshire. In the 2001 census it had a resident population of 5,058.
Arran is commonly lumped with the
Hebrides, with which it shares many cultural and physical similarities, but in actual fact, the Hebrides start off the west coast of
Kintyre.
Encyclopedia
The
Isle of Arran is the largest island in the
Firth of Clyde . It is in the
unitary council area of
North Ayrshire. In the 2001 census it had a resident population of 5,058.
Arran is commonly lumped with the
Hebrides, with which it shares many cultural and physical similarities, but in actual fact, the Hebrides start off the west coast of
Kintyre.
Geography
The island lies in the
Firth of Clyde at . The main village on the island is
Brodick to which the main ferry to the mainland connects.
Brodick Castle is a seat of the
Dukes of Hamilton.
Arran has many
mountains in the north. The highest of these is Goat Fell at 874 metres. The south of the island has many
raised beaches and tall sea cliffs. The island is sometimes referred to as "Scotland in miniature", as it is divided into "Highland" and "Lowland" areas by the Highland Boundary Fault which runs northeast to southwest across Scotland. The island is a popular destination for geologists, who come to see
intrusive igneous landforms such as sills and dykes. Most of the northern part of the island is a
batholith, as seen in the satellite photo.
There are three main roads on the island; the coast road circumnavigates the island, while the
String and the
Ross both cut across the hilly interior at different points.
Villages on Arran
- Blackwaterfoot
- Brodick, the main village
- Catacol
- Cladach
- Corrie
- Kildonan, the most southerly village
- Kilmory
- Lamlash
- Lochranza
...
- Machrie
- Margnaheglish
- Pirnmill
- Sannox
- Shiskine
- Strathwhillan
- Torbeg
- Whiting Bay
Islands surrounding Arran
Arran is a part of an Island group, comprising Arran, Bute, and Large Cumbrae, which are inhabited. Small Cumbrae, Inchmarnock and the Burnt islands are smaller uninhabited islands in the group.
Arran has three smaller satellite islands;
- Holy Isle lies to the east opposite Lamlash
- Pladda lies off Arran's south coast
- Tiny Hamilton Isle lies just off the Arran shore around 1.2 kilometres north of Holy Isle.
Eilean na h-Airde Baine off the south west of Arran at Corriecravie is more of a skerry than an island and, in any case, is connected to Arran at low tide.
History
There are many stone circles and standing stones dating from
neolithic times, including the standing stones on Machrie Moor and the Giant's Graves above Whiting Bay. St. Molio's Cave has wall carvings which are evidence of a rare Pictish script.
It is likely that along with
Bute, Arran was once the home of a Brythonic speaking people. However, the Gaels spread to the island from their adjacent kingdom of
Dál Riata and replaced the older language with their Goidelic tongue. Later the island, along with the vast majority of the Scottish islands, became the property of the
Norwegian crown. As a result, many current place names on Arran are of Viking origin.
Haakon IV of Norway visited the island in 1263 en route to the
Battle of Largs.
St.
Columba and St.
Ninian are said to have stayed on Arran, and there are other Irish connections, e.g. a stone circle named Fingal's Cauldron. Nearby is the 34 metres deep King's Cave where
Robert the Bruce is said to have taken shelter.
Transport
Arran is connected with the Scottish mainland by two
Caledonian MacBrayne ferries:
- Brodick to Ardrossan, Ayrshire, from the east coast of the island.
- Lochranza to Claonaig, Argyll,from the north of the island.
A third ferry route connects Lamlash to neighbouring
Holy Isle during summertime.
In summer the
paddle steamer PS Waverley calls in at Brodick on regular cruises.
Economy
The main industry for the island is tourism, but farming and forestry are other important industries. Successful local businesses include:
...
and built in 1995, is the newest whisky
distillery in Scotland.
- Arran Brewery, situated in Cladach, produces Arran Blonde beer, alongside other premium ales which are sold throughout the UK.
- Arran Aromatics, produces a range of toiletries on site which are sold throughout the UK.
- Creelers, adjacent to Arran Aromatics, a seafood restaurant with locations in Arran and Edinburgh.
The main tourist spot on the island is the imposing
Brodick Castle, owned by the National Trust for Scotland. Another interesting site is the twelve apostles of Catacol, a row of 12 small whitewashed cottages along the shoreline. The upper window facing the sea is different in each one. The theory behind this system was that the wife at home would be able to signal to her husband out fishing in the bay with a candle at the window. The husband would be able to identify who was being signalled by the shape of the window.
Trivia
- The First Minister of Scotland, Jack McConnell, is from Arran.
- Lochranza Castle was used as the model for the castle in the Tintin adventure The Black Island.
- There are 42 red post boxes on the Isle of Arran
- The Bishop of Man and Sodor refers to the sodor or southern isles, Arran being one, which used to belong to the bishop's see.
- The island has two species of tree, the Arran Whitebeams which grow nowhere else in the World.
- The Scottish Gaelic dialect of Arran died out when the last speaker died in the 1970s. However, there is now a Gaelic House in Brodick, set up at the end of the 1990s
- The last force-fire in the Isle of Arran was about 1820.
- The Wicker Man was filmed on Arran in 1973
External links
