Involuntary
Encyclopedia
Involuntary is the antonym of voluntary. An involuntary action is one that occurs without volition or will; see volition (psychology)
Volition (psychology)
Volition or will is the cognitive process by which an individual decides on and commits to a particular course of action. It is defined as purposive striving, and is one of the primary human psychological functions...

 and will (philosophy)
Will (philosophy)
Will, in philosophical discussions, consonant with a common English usage, refers to a property of the mind, and an attribute of acts intentionally performed. Actions made according to a person's will are called "willing" or "voluntary" and sometimes pejoratively "willful"...

. Involuntary may also refer to:
  • Involuntary (film)
    Involuntary (film)
    Involuntary is a 2008 Swedish film directed by Ruben Östlund described as "a tragic comedy or comic tragedy." It features five parallel stories with human group behaviour as the common theme. The film is notable for its long takes with no cuts within the scenes. This is related to Östlund's...

    , a 2008 Swedish film by Ruben Östlund
  • "Involuntary", a song on the M. Ward album Transfiguration of Vincent
    Transfiguration of Vincent
    Transfiguration of Vincent, released in 2003, is the third studio album by singer-songwriter M. Ward. The title alludes to the 1965 album The Transfiguration of Blind Joe Death by John Fahey, and refers to the life and death of Vincent O'Brien, a close friend to Ward.-Reception:Transfiguration of...

  • Smooth muscle
    Smooth muscle
    Smooth muscle is an involuntary non-striated muscle. It is divided into two sub-groups; the single-unit and multiunit smooth muscle. Within single-unit smooth muscle tissues, the autonomic nervous system innervates a single cell within a sheet or bundle and the action potential is propagated by...

    , a muscle which is the source of involuntary movements
  • Involuntary Commitment
    Involuntary commitment
    Involuntary commitment or civil commitment is a legal process through which an individual with symptoms of severe mental illness is court-ordered into treatment in a hospital or in the community ....

     Psychiatric examine and/or treatment against patients consent or lack of ability to give consent.


See also:
  • Voluntary (disambiguation)
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