missions. Participation was also made available to governments of sympathetic countries, such as
spacestation, India, etc. The most notable Intercosmos missions were the manned space flight missions that enabled 14 non-Soviets to participate in Soyuz space flights between 1978 and 1988. Unmanned
| Date | | Prime | Backup | Country | Mission |
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| February 3, 1978 |
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Vladimír RemekVladimír Remek is the first Czechoslovak in space and the first cosmonaut from a country other than the Soviet Union or the United States. As of 2004, with the entry of the Czech Republic into the European Union Vladimír Remek is considered to be the first European astronaut...
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Oldřich Pelčák Oldřich Pelčák was a Czech cosmonaut and engineer.He graduated from Gagarin Air Force Military Academy....
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Czechoslovakia
CzechoslovakiaThe Czechoslovak Socialist Republic was the official name of Czechoslovakia from 1960 until early 1990 The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (Československá socialistická republika in Czech and Slovak) was the official name of Czechoslovakia from 1960 until early 1990 The Czechoslovak Socialist...
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Soyuz 28 Soyuz 28 was a 1978 Soviet manned mission to the orbiting Salyut 6 space station. It was the fourth mission to the station, the third successful docking, and the second visit to the resident crew launched in Soyuz 26....
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| June 27, 1978 |
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Miroslaw HermaszewskiMirosław Hermaszewski , is a retired Polish Air Force officer. He became the first Pole in space when he flew aboard the Soyuz 30 spacecraft in 1978....
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Zenon Jankowski Zenon Jankowski is a retired Polish pilot, colonel of the Polish Army and cosmonaut.Jankowski was selected as backup cosmonaut of Mirosław Hermaszewski for the Soyuz 30 mission.-External links:*...
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Poland
PolandThe Polish People's Republic was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1990.Although the Polish People's Republic was a sovereign state as defined by international law, its leaders were at the very least approved by the Kremlin...
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Soyuz 30Soyuz 30 was a 1978 manned Soviet space flight to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the sixth mission to and fifth successful docking at the orbiting facility...
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| August 26, 1978 |
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Sigmund JähnSigmund Werner Paul Jähn is a German pilot who became the first German to fly in space as part of the Soviet Union's Intercosmos program.-Biography:Jähn was born in Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz, Vogtland, Germany...
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Eberhard Köllner Eberhard Köllner was selected for Soyuz 31 as the backup for Sigmund Jähn.He later became the Director of the Airforce Academy of the German Democratic Republic in the rank of an Oberst , following the reunion of Germany he refused to be transferred to the German Bundeswehr...
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East Germany
East Germany |
Soyuz 31 Soyuz 31 was a 1978 Soviet manned space flight to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the seventh mission to and sixth successful docking at the orbiting facility. The Soyuz 31 crew were the second to visit the long-duration Soyuz 29 resident crew.Soyuz 31 carried Valery Bykovsky and Sigmund Jähn,...
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| April 10, 1979 |
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Georgi Ivanov Georgi Ivanov was the first Bulgarian in space. He was a member of the National Assembly of Bulgaria in 1990....
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Aleksandr AleksandrovAleksandar Panayotov Aleksandrov is a Bulgarian cosmonaut.Aleksandrov graduated from Airforce Academy and reached the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. He worked as Deputy Director, Institute of Space Research and the Academy of Science, Bulgaria.He was selected as a cosmonaut on March 1, 1978...
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Bulgaria
BulgariaThe People's Republic of Bulgaria was the official name of the Bulgarian state from 1946 to 1990, when it was under the rule of the Bulgarian Communist Party . Bulgaria was an Eastern Bloc country and a Soviet ally during the Cold War, a member of the Warsaw Pact and the Comecon...
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Soyuz 33 Soyuz 33 was a 1979 Soviet manned space flight to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the ninth mission to the orbiting facility, but an engine failure forced the mission to be aborted, and the crew had to return to earth before docking with the station...
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| May 26, 1980 |
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Bertalan Farkas Bertalan Farkas was the first Hungarian cosmonaut and the first Esperantist in space. He is currently the president of Airlines Service and Trade...
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Béla Magyari Béla Magyari was Colonel of the Hungarian Air Force. He graduated from military pilot school "György Kilián" in 1969....
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Hungary
HungaryThe People's Republic of Hungary or Hungarian People's Republic was the official state name of Hungary from 1949 to 1989 during its Communist period under the guidance of the Soviet Union. The state remained in existence until 1989 when opposition forces consolidated in forcing the regime to...
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Soyuz 36 Soyuz 36 was the 9th expedition to Salyut 6 and the 5th mission of the Intercosmos program.-Crew:Number in parentheses indicates number of spaceflights by each individual prior to and including this mission.Launched:...
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| July 23, 1980 |
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Tuân Pham |
Thanh Liem Bui |
Vietnam
VietnamVietnam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam , is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea to the east...
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Soyuz 37 Soyuz 37 was the 11th expedition to Salyut 6, consisting of the 6th international crew of the Intercosmos program.-Crew:Number in parentheses indicates number of spaceflights by each individual prior to and including this mission.Launched:*Viktor Gorbatko - Commander*Pham Tuân -...
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| September 18, 1980 |
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Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez was the first Cuban cosmonaut and the first person from a country in the Western Hemisphere other than the United States to travel into earth orbit. He was also the first Hispanophone and first Black person in space.Born in Guantánamo, Tamayo graduated from the Cuban Air...
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Jose Lopez Falcon José Armando López Falcón is a former Cuban cosmonaut and captain and pilot of the Air Force. He graduated from military pilot school "Carlos Ullo" in 1967. He also graduated from Gagarin Military, Monino. He was selected as backup for Soyuz 38 of Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez. He was pilot again in...
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Cuba
CubaThe Republic of Cuba is an island country in the Caribbean. It consists of the island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city. Cuba is home to over 11 million people and is...
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Soyuz 38 -Crew:Number in parentheses indicates number of spaceflights by each individual prior to and including this mission.*Yuri Romanenko - Commander*Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez - Research Cosmonaut-Backup crew:*Yevgeni Khrunov - Commander...
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| March 23, 1981 |
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Zhugderdemidiyn Gurragcha Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa was the first Mongolian and the second Asian in space. He was Mongolia's defense minister from 2000 to 2004.Born in Gurvanbulag, Mongolia, Gürragchaa studied in Ulan Bator to become an aerospace engineer...
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Maidarzhavyn Ganzorig Maidarzhavyn Ganzorig is a Mongolian scientist. In 1978, he participated in the Soviet Intercosmos program and trained for a Soyuz space flight....
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Mongolia
MongoliaThe Mongolian People's Republic was a communist state in Central Asia which existed between 1924 and 1992. It was ruled by Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and remained a loyal Soviet ally throughout its history.-Formation:...
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Soyuz 39 -Crew:Number in parentheses indicates number of spaceflights by each individual prior to and including this mission.*Vladimir Dzhanibekov - Commander*Zhugderdemidiyn Gurragcha - Research Cosmonaut-Backup crew:...
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| May 14, 1981 |
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Dumitru Prunariu Dumitru-Dorin Prunariu is a retired Romanian astronaut who flew aboard Soyuz 40.Born on September 27, 1952 in Braşov, Romania, Prunariu graduated from the Physics and Mathematics high school in Braşov in 1971 and from the University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest in 1976, obtaining a degree in Aerospace...
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Dumitru Dediu Dumitru Dediu was a Lieutenant Colonel of the Romanian Air Force.In 1978, Dediu was selected as the backup for Dumitru Prunariu for the Soyuz 40 mission.He currently serves in the Romanian Army and lives in Bucharest....
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Romania
RomaniaCommunist Romania was the period in Romanian history when that country was a Soviet-aligned communist state in the Eastern Bloc, with the leading role of Romanian Communist Party enshrined in its successive constitutions...
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Soyuz 40 -Crew:Number in parentheses indicates number of spaceflights by each individual prior to and including this mission.*Leonid Popov - Commander*Dumitru Prunariu - Research Cosmonaut-Backup crew:*Yuri Romanenko - Commander...
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| June 24, 1982 |
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Jean-Loup ChrétienJean-Loup Jacques Marie Chrétien, is an engineer, retired Général de Brigade of the Armée de l'Air and a former CNES spationaut who flew on several Franco-Soviet space missions and a NASA Space Shuttle mission...
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Patrick BaudryPatrick Pierre Roger Baudry , is a retired Lieutenant Colonel in the French Air Force and a former CNES spationaut...
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France
FranceFrance , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
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Soyuz T-6 Soyuz T-6 was the second expedition to Salyut 7 and the tenth international crew with a cosmonaut from France.-Crew:Number in parentheses indicates number of spaceflights by each individual prior to and including this mission....
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| April 2, 1984 |
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Rakesh SharmaRakesh Sharma was a Squadron Leader in the Indian Air Force, was the first Indian and 138th person to travel in space. He retired from the Air force as Wing Commander.-Early life and background:...
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Ravish Malhotra Air Commodore Ravish Malhotra is a retired Air Commodore of the Indian Air Force and was trained as an Indian astronaut....
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India
IndiaIndia, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal...
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Soyuz T-11 Soyuz T-11 was the 6th expedition to Salyut 7, and carried the first Indian cosmonaut to the Salyut 7 station.-Crew:Number in parentheses indicates number of spaceflights by each individual prior to and including this mission.Launched:...
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| July 22, 1987 |
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Muhammed Ahmed Faris Muhammed Ahmed Faris is a Syrian military aviator. He was the first Syrian and the second Arab in space.Born in Aleppo, Syria, he was a pilot in the Syrian Air Force with the rank of a colonel...
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Syria
SyriaSyria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south and Israel to the southwest....
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Soyuz TM-3Soyuz TM-3 was the third Soviet expedition to the Mir space station.-Crew:Launched:*Alexander Viktorenko *Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov *Muhammed Faris - SyriaLanded:*Yuri Romanenko *Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov...
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| July 6, 1988 |
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Aleksandr AleksandrovAleksandar Panayotov Aleksandrov is a Bulgarian cosmonaut.Aleksandrov graduated from Airforce Academy and reached the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. He worked as Deputy Director, Institute of Space Research and the Academy of Science, Bulgaria.He was selected as a cosmonaut on March 1, 1978...
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Bulgaria
BulgariaThe People's Republic of Bulgaria was the official name of the Bulgarian state from 1946 to 1990, when it was under the rule of the Bulgarian Communist Party . Bulgaria was an Eastern Bloc country and a Soviet ally during the Cold War, a member of the Warsaw Pact and the Comecon...
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Soyuz TM-5 Soyuz TM-5 was the fifth expedition to the Russian Space Station Mir.-Crew:Launched:*Anatoly Solovyev *Viktor Savinykh *Aleksandr Panayatov Aleksandrov - BulgariaLanded:*Vladimir Lyakhov *Abdul Ahad Mohmand - Afghanistan...
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| August 29, 1988 |
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Abdul Ahad Mohmand Abdul Ahad Mohmand is a former aviator and an astronaut who became the first Afghan into space when he spent nine days aboard the Mir space station in 1988. He was the fourth Muslim to reach space.- Biography :...
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Mohammad Dauran Ghulam Masum |
Afghanistan
AfghanistanThe Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a landlocked country in south central Asia. It is variously described as being located within Central Asia, South Asia, or the Middle East...
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Soyuz TM-6 Soyuz TM-6 was the sixth expedition to the Soviet/Russian Space Station Mir.-Crew:Launched:*Vladimir Lyakhov *Valeri Polyakov *Abdul Ahad Mohmand - AfghanistanLanded:*Vladimir Titov *Musa Manarov *Jean-Loup Chrétien - France...
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