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Incidental music



 
 
Incidental music is music
Music

Music is an art form whose media is sound organized in time. Common elements of music are pitch , rhythm , dynamics , and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ....
 in a play, television
Television

Television is a widely used telecommunication mass-media for transmitting and receiving moving , either monochrome or color, usually accompanied by sound....
 program, radio
Radio

Radio is the transmission of signals, by modulation of electromagnetic radiation with frequency below those of visible light.Electromagnetic radiation radio propagation by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space....
 program, video game, film or some other form not primarily musical. The term is less frequently applied to film
Film

Film encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the film industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects....
 music, with such music being referred to instead as the "film score
Film score

A film score is a broad term referring to the music in a film, which is generally categorically separated from songs used within a film. The term Soundtrack is often confused with film score, though a soundtrack may also include songs featured in the film as well as previously released music by other artists, while the score does...
" or "soundtrack."

Incidental music is often "background" music, and adds atmosphere to the action. It may take the form of something as simple as a low, ominous tone suggesting an impending startling event, or, to enhance the depiction of a story-advancing sequence, such as its use in the film The Insider
The Insider (film)

The Insider is a 1999 in film that tells the true story of a 60 Minutes television series expos? of the tobacco industry, as seen through the eyes of a real tobacco executive, Jeffrey Wigand....
.






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Encyclopedia


Incidental music is music
Music

Music is an art form whose media is sound organized in time. Common elements of music are pitch , rhythm , dynamics , and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ....
 in a play, television
Television

Television is a widely used telecommunication mass-media for transmitting and receiving moving , either monochrome or color, usually accompanied by sound....
 program, radio
Radio

Radio is the transmission of signals, by modulation of electromagnetic radiation with frequency below those of visible light.Electromagnetic radiation radio propagation by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space....
 program, video game, film or some other form not primarily musical. The term is less frequently applied to film
Film

Film encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the film industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects....
 music, with such music being referred to instead as the "film score
Film score

A film score is a broad term referring to the music in a film, which is generally categorically separated from songs used within a film. The term Soundtrack is often confused with film score, though a soundtrack may also include songs featured in the film as well as previously released music by other artists, while the score does...
" or "soundtrack."

Incidental music is often "background" music, and adds atmosphere to the action. It may take the form of something as simple as a low, ominous tone suggesting an impending startling event, or, to enhance the depiction of a story-advancing sequence, such as its use in the film The Insider
The Insider (film)

The Insider is a 1999 in film that tells the true story of a 60 Minutes television series expos? of the tobacco industry, as seen through the eyes of a real tobacco executive, Jeffrey Wigand....
. It may also include pieces which will provide the main interest for the audience, for example overture
Overture

Overture in music is the instrumental introduction to a dramatic, choir or, occasionally, Musical composition. During the early Romantic era, composers such as Ludwig van Beethoven and Felix Mendelssohn began to use the term to refer to instrumental, programmatic works that presaged genres such as the symphonic poem....
s, or music played during scene changes, or at the end of an act
Act (theater)

An act is a division or unit of a drama. The number of acts in a production can range from one to five, depending on how a writer structures the outline of the story....
, immediately preceding an interlude, such as in the classic television series Star Trek
Star Trek: The Original Series

Star Trek is a science fiction television series created by Gene Roddenberry that aired from September 8, 1966 to September 2, 1969. Though the original series was titled simply Star Trek, it has acquired the retronym Star Trek: The Original Series to distinguish it from the spinoffs that followed, and from the Star Trek fi...
 (as well as in the other Star Trek
Star Trek

Star Trek is an American Science fiction on television entertainment series and media franchise. The Star Trek fictional universe created by Gene Roddenberry is the setting of six television series including the original 1966 Star Trek: The Original Series, in addition to ten feature films with Star Trek to be released on May 8,...
 television series). It may also be required in plays that have musician
Musician

A musician is a person who plays or writes music. Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music:* An instrumentalist plays a musical instrument....
s performing on-stage.

The use of incidental music dates back at least as far as Greek drama
Greek literature

Greek literature refers to those writings autochthonic to the areas of Greeks influence, typically though not necessarily in one of the Greek dialects, throughout the whole period in which the Greek language people have existed....
. A number of classical composer
Composer

A composer is a person who creates music, usually in the medium of musical notation, for interpretation and performance. The level of distinction between composers and other musicians varies, which affects issues such as copyright and the deference given to individual interpretations of a particular piece of music....
s have written incidental music for various plays, with the more famous examples including Ludwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. He was a crucial figure in the transitional period between the Classical music era and Romantic music eras in classical music, and remains one of the most acclaimed and influential composers of all time....
's Egmont
Egmont (Beethoven)

Egmont, opus 84, by Ludwig van Beethoven, is a set of incidental music pieces for the 1787 Egmont_ by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. It consists of an overture and nine separate subsequent pieces for soprano and full orchestra....
 music, Franz Schubert
Franz Schubert

Franz Peter Schubert was an Austrian composer. He wrote some 600 lieder, nine symphonies , liturgy music, operas, and a large body of chamber music and solo piano music....
's Rosamunde
Rosamunde

Rosamunde can refer to:* The German name for the Beer Barrel Polka* Music by Franz Schubert:**Rosamunde incidental music**Rosamunde String Quartet ...
 music, Felix Mendelssohn
Felix Mendelssohn

Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, born, and generally known in English-speaking countries, as Felix Mendelssohn was a Germany composer, pianist, organist and conducting of the early Romantic music period....
's music for A Midsummer Night's Dream
A Midsummer Night's Dream

A Midsummer Night's Dream is a romantic love Shakespearean comedies by William Shakespeare, suggested by "The Knight's Tale" from Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales, written around 1594 to 1596....
, Georges Bizet
Georges Bizet

Georges Bizet was a France composer and pianist of the Romantic music era. He is best known for the opera Carmen....
's music for L'Arlésienne, and Edvard Grieg
Edvard Grieg

Edvard Grieg was a Norway composer and pianist who composed in the Romantic period. He is best known for his Piano Concerto , for his incidental music to Henrik Ibsen's Play Peer Gynt , and for his collection of piano miniatures Lyric Pieces....
's music for Henrik Ibsen
Henrik Ibsen

Henrik Johan Ibsen was a major Nineteenth-century theatre Norway playwright of realism drama and poet. He is often referred to as the "father of modern drama" and is one of the founders of modernism in the theatre....
's Peer Gynt
Peer Gynt

Peer Gynt is a five-Act play in Verse by the Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen. Interpreted in its day as a satire on the Norwegian people personality, Peer Gynt is the story of a life based on avoidance....
. Parts of all of these are often performed in concerts outside the context of the play. Some examples of vocal incidental music can also be described as operetta
Operetta

Operetta is a genre of light opera, light in terms both of music and subject matter. It is also closely related, in English-language works, to forms of musical theatre....
, or musical
Musical theatre

Musical theatre is a form of theatre combining music, songs, spoken dialogue and dance. The emotional content of the piece ? humor, pathos, love, anger ? as well as the story itself, is communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole....
s, as the lines between the genres blur when there is a large amount of singing in a play. However, incidental music is distinguished from opera
Opera

Opera is an Performing arts in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work which combines a text and a musical score. Opera is part of the Western classical music tradition....
, where the entire action is sung. Some early examples of what were later called incidental music are also described as semi-opera
Semi-opera

Semi-opera is an early form of opera, though the term 'dramatic[k] opera' is more favoured amongst scholars. It developed in England between 1673 and 1710 and is associated with the operas of Henry Purcell, notably King Arthur and The Fairy-Queen....
s, quasi-operas, singspiel
Singspiel

Singspiel is a form of German language music drama, regarded as a genre of opera. It is characterized by spoken dialogue, sometimes performed over music, interspersed with Musical ensemble, popular songs, ballads and arias ....
s, masque
Masque

The masque was a form of festive Noble court entertainment which flourished in sixteenth and early seventeenth century Europe, though it was developed earlier in Italy, in forms including the intermedio....
s, vaudeville
Vaudeville

Vaudeville was a genre of a variety show prevalent on the theatre in the United States and Canada from the early 1880s until the early 1930s. It developed from many sources, including the concert saloon, minstrel show, freak shows, dime museums, and literary burlesque....
s and melodrama
Melodrama

The theatrical genre of Melodrama utilizes theme-music to manipulate the spectator's emotional response and to denote character types. The term combines "melody" and "drama"....
s - however singspiel more often denotes an opera.

The genre of incidental music does not extend to pieces designed for concert performance, such as overtures named after a play, for example, Beethoven's Coriolanus overture, or Tchaikovsky
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky – ) was a Russian composer of the Romantic music era. He wrote some of the most popular concert and theatrical music in the current classical repertoire, including the ballets Swan Lake and Nutcracker, the 1812 Overture, his Piano Concerto No....
's Romeo and Juliet
Romeo and Juliet (Tchaikovsky)

Romeo and Juliet is a musical work by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, subtitled Overture-Fantasy, based on William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet....
 fantasy-overture.

Modern composers of stage music include John White
John White (composer)

John White is an English people composer and musical performer....
 and Lorenzo Ferrero
Lorenzo Ferrero

Lorenzo Ferrero is a contemporary Italian composer of orchestral, chamber, choral, vocal and instrumental music, with a predilection for opera....
.

See also

  • Plays with incidental music
    Plays with incidental music

    This is an incomplete list of play s for which incidental music has been written.A very large number of such works have been written, and to limit the size of this article, only items where the composer and/or the playwright have their own Wikipedia article should be included....


External links

  • - Score by Sir Arthur Sullivan for a play by Lord Alfred Tennyson, with additional music arranged by persons unknown. Available online in an extremely complete state, down to the shortest trumpet fanfare, and thus an extremely useful example of Victorian incidental music.