ImagiNation Network
Encyclopedia
The ImagiNation Network (INN), aka The Sierra Network (TSN), was an early online multiplayer gaming system. Developed by Sierra On-Line in 1989, and first available to the public in 1991, the ImagiNation Network was a unique online gaming network
that gave subscribers from all over the United States of America
a place where they could "play games, make friends and have fun". With a wide variety of games including RPGs, World War I aeroplane simulations, live trivia, and card and board games, almost every user could find something enjoyable to play. INN also featured an electronic post office, many bulletin boards, chat rooms, and the company boasted of having "more than 200 groups, clubs and special events online."
Sierra On-Line founder Ken Williams
wanted to create a network that even his grandmother would find easy to use, and to that end INN featured a unique emphasis on a friendly, graphics-heavy interface. Each user was represented by a persona which they assembled using INN's built-in 'facemaker'. The facemaker was incredibly detailed, with enough different options to construct over 84 million unique personas. Users could then indicate their level of skill in various games, in order to encourage fair match-making between players, and a short list of hobbies to help match interests with new friends.
expressed an interest in creating an online adventure game in the style of Sierra's best-selling Kings Quest series. Sierra's lead systems programmer, Jeff Stephenson, began improving Sierra's adventure game engine to communicate by modem
with a maximum speed of 2400 baud
, Matthew George
worked on creating hardware and network protocols to support a gaming network, and David Slayback (game programmer) started to work on designing game prototypes that would run on this improved engine.
However, the problem of designing an adventure game with a non-linear plot that could support multiple central characters all experiencing different parts of the world and story at the same time proved difficult to solve, and David Slayback began designing board games to test the engine's communication abilities while he worked out the design of the main adventure game. These board games worked very well, and it was decided that the network should focus primarily on parlour and board games, eschewing the adventure game paradigm entirely.
Ken Williams insisted that the network be easy enough for even his grandmother to use, so the user interface of this gaming network received considerable attention: it was designed to be colorful, easy to use, and universally appealing. As a result of this push on innovation, TSN won a User Interface design award. Dubbed The Sierra Network (TSN), this gaming network began operation as a private beta test in late 1989, with testers drawn from a list of registered Sierra On-Line game owners.
In 1991, TSN's doors were opened to the public. Originally only parlour games such as Chess, Checkers, Backgammon, and Bridge were available to subscribers, but over the next three years Sierra On-Line added many new games, such as the role-playing game Shadows of Yserbius and the dog-fighter simulation Red Baron.
Throughout TSN's existence, tournaments were held for many games in which winning players and teams could win prizes. Top chess and bridge players regularly played on the network, as well as several celebrities, including Bill Gates and Warren Buffett. Players were invited to compete against them.
While TSN achieved over 30,000 paid customers, unfortunately, it was not profitable for Sierra On-Line, losing millions of dollars a year. Most of the loss was attributed to high bandwidth needs for some of the real-time games, and the inexpensive subscription model. In 1994, AT&T
purchased a half-interest in TSN for 50 million dollars. Under AT&T's direction the network's name was changed to the ImagiNation Network, hourly rates were increased, and several elements of the network considered 'too risqué' were removed entirely. A year later, AT&T bought the remaining half of the network for an additional 50 million dollars, making Sierra On-Line one of the few companies at the time to have made money from online gaming.
AT&T continued to make enhancements to the service until August 6, 1996, when INN was acquired by America On-Line
for 15 million dollars. AOL shut down the ImagiNation Network early in 1998, ending seven years of operation.
YouTube of a TV ad with many games shown
"The Clubhouse is the place to go when you want to meet new people, play traditional card and board games, read the Bulletin Boards, and chat with your friends. It is where you'll find the Welcome Room for new members and the INN Help Room. You can also join an online conference while you're in the Clubhouse, or learn something new at INN University." (Manual, Pg 15)
"CasinoLand is the ImagiNation Network's casino and resort area, with fantasy gambling and games. Sorry, but no one under the age of 18 is allowed in CasinoLand. (If you would like access to CasinoLand, please fill out and return the CasinoLand Access Card included in this kit.)." (Manual, pg 15)
"The Little Red Funhouse is the future home to 'edutainment' games and activities. It is a place for kids who want to have fun learning." (Manual, pg 15)
Once acquired by AT&T
however, no unlimited hour plan was available, and using hours beyond the monthly plan involved a hefty $2.50 per hour fee. AT&T also added a surcharge for those subscribers who did not access TSN/INN through a "Preferred Access Number" (PAN). This surcharge, plus the general increase in subscription fees, contributed to the decline in users until TSN/INN's shutdown in 1996.
Rates as of 1995 were as follows:
Without a preferred access number, all weekday time between 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. was billed $6.00 an hour, additional time in one minute increments. AT&T users had a 10% discount on their monthly membership fee.
for the ImagiNation Network. Development of the emulator has progressed to the point where many of the previously available games are now playable including the MMORPG
: Yserbius. This new service was opened to the public in March 2007. Unlike the early remake versions that tried to rebuild the network from scratch the Revival project uses DOSBox
and the original client software to connect to a server which emulates the original.
There are fan made installers too:
Further development is underway to resolve a few known issues and to make more games available for play. At this point, the following features and games are available (each feature or game is listed by the respective area it is in):
As of December 10, 2007 Red Baron is now online and fully playable.
As of 10 December 2007 The Fates of Twinion and The Ruins of Cawdor are online and fully playable.
In 2004, a new group of developers attempted to recreate INN, and they adopted the name 'FauxINN' as the name of their project. As of 2008, the FauxINN domain has not been renewed, and has been replaced by an ad placeholder site.
Computer network
A computer network, often simply referred to as a network, is a collection of hardware components and computers interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information....
that gave subscribers from all over the United States of America
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
a place where they could "play games, make friends and have fun". With a wide variety of games including RPGs, World War I aeroplane simulations, live trivia, and card and board games, almost every user could find something enjoyable to play. INN also featured an electronic post office, many bulletin boards, chat rooms, and the company boasted of having "more than 200 groups, clubs and special events online."
Sierra On-Line founder Ken Williams
Ken Williams
Ken Williams may refer to:*Kenneth Williams , British actor*Ken Williams , baseball outfielder*Ken Williams , American college basketball player...
wanted to create a network that even his grandmother would find easy to use, and to that end INN featured a unique emphasis on a friendly, graphics-heavy interface. Each user was represented by a persona which they assembled using INN's built-in 'facemaker'. The facemaker was incredibly detailed, with enough different options to construct over 84 million unique personas. Users could then indicate their level of skill in various games, in order to encourage fair match-making between players, and a short list of hobbies to help match interests with new friends.
History
In early 1989, Sierra On-line president Ken WilliamsKen Williams
Ken Williams may refer to:*Kenneth Williams , British actor*Ken Williams , baseball outfielder*Ken Williams , American college basketball player...
expressed an interest in creating an online adventure game in the style of Sierra's best-selling Kings Quest series. Sierra's lead systems programmer, Jeff Stephenson, began improving Sierra's adventure game engine to communicate by modem
Modem
A modem is a device that modulates an analog carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. The goal is to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original digital data...
with a maximum speed of 2400 baud
Baud
In telecommunications and electronics, baud is synonymous to symbols per second or pulses per second. It is the unit of symbol rate, also known as baud rate or modulation rate; the number of distinct symbol changes made to the transmission medium per second in a digitally modulated signal or a...
, Matthew George
Matthew George
Matthew George is an Australian film director. His films include Under the Gun, Four Jacks and Let's Get Skase, which was co-written with Lachy Hulme. His first film, Under The Gun, was written and directed by him at the age of 21, making him one of the youngest feature film directors in Australian...
worked on creating hardware and network protocols to support a gaming network, and David Slayback (game programmer) started to work on designing game prototypes that would run on this improved engine.
However, the problem of designing an adventure game with a non-linear plot that could support multiple central characters all experiencing different parts of the world and story at the same time proved difficult to solve, and David Slayback began designing board games to test the engine's communication abilities while he worked out the design of the main adventure game. These board games worked very well, and it was decided that the network should focus primarily on parlour and board games, eschewing the adventure game paradigm entirely.
Ken Williams insisted that the network be easy enough for even his grandmother to use, so the user interface of this gaming network received considerable attention: it was designed to be colorful, easy to use, and universally appealing. As a result of this push on innovation, TSN won a User Interface design award. Dubbed The Sierra Network (TSN), this gaming network began operation as a private beta test in late 1989, with testers drawn from a list of registered Sierra On-Line game owners.
In 1991, TSN's doors were opened to the public. Originally only parlour games such as Chess, Checkers, Backgammon, and Bridge were available to subscribers, but over the next three years Sierra On-Line added many new games, such as the role-playing game Shadows of Yserbius and the dog-fighter simulation Red Baron.
Throughout TSN's existence, tournaments were held for many games in which winning players and teams could win prizes. Top chess and bridge players regularly played on the network, as well as several celebrities, including Bill Gates and Warren Buffett. Players were invited to compete against them.
While TSN achieved over 30,000 paid customers, unfortunately, it was not profitable for Sierra On-Line, losing millions of dollars a year. Most of the loss was attributed to high bandwidth needs for some of the real-time games, and the inexpensive subscription model. In 1994, AT&T
AT&T
AT&T Inc. is an American multinational telecommunications corporation headquartered in Whitacre Tower, Dallas, Texas, United States. It is the largest provider of mobile telephony and fixed telephony in the United States, and is also a provider of broadband and subscription television services...
purchased a half-interest in TSN for 50 million dollars. Under AT&T's direction the network's name was changed to the ImagiNation Network, hourly rates were increased, and several elements of the network considered 'too risqué' were removed entirely. A year later, AT&T bought the remaining half of the network for an additional 50 million dollars, making Sierra On-Line one of the few companies at the time to have made money from online gaming.
AT&T continued to make enhancements to the service until August 6, 1996, when INN was acquired by America On-Line
AOL
AOL Inc. is an American global Internet services and media company. AOL is headquartered at 770 Broadway in New York. Founded in 1983 as Control Video Corporation, it has franchised its services to companies in several nations around the world or set up international versions of its services...
for 15 million dollars. AOL shut down the ImagiNation Network early in 1998, ending seven years of operation.
Games
The ImagiNation Network was composed of several 'lands', each one featuring a different theme and selection of games and services.YouTube of a TV ad with many games shown
Clubhouse
The Clubhouse featured traditional card and board games."The Clubhouse is the place to go when you want to meet new people, play traditional card and board games, read the Bulletin Boards, and chat with your friends. It is where you'll find the Welcome Room for new members and the INN Help Room. You can also join an online conference while you're in the Clubhouse, or learn something new at INN University." (Manual, Pg 15)
| Games available at the clubhouse: | |
|
Bridge A bridge is a structure built to span physical obstacles such as a body of water, valley, or road, for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle... Spades Spades is a partnership trick-taking card game devised in the United States in the 1930s, in which the object is for each pair or partnership to take at least the number of tricks they bid on before play began. Spades is a descendant of the Whist family of card games, which also includes Bridge,... Euchre Euchre or eucre, is a trick-taking card game most commonly played with four people in two partnerships with a deck of 24 standard playing cards. It is the game responsible for introducing the joker into modern packs; this was invented around 1860 to act as a top trump or best bower... Cribbage Cribbage, or crib, is a card game traditionally for two players, but commonly played with three, four or more, that involves playing and grouping cards in combinations which gain points... |
LarryLand
(also known as CasinoLand, which was an added feature a few years later)"CasinoLand is the ImagiNation Network's casino and resort area, with fantasy gambling and games. Sorry, but no one under the age of 18 is allowed in CasinoLand. (If you would like access to CasinoLand, please fill out and return the CasinoLand Access Card included in this kit.)." (Manual, pg 15)
| Games available within LarryLand: |
|
MedievaLand
"...is a fantasy-filled land where you can find adventures as a knight, wizard or another character of your own creation." (Manual, pg 15)| Games available in MedievaLand: |
|
SierraLand
"...is the place for exciting arcade style games, challenging board games and other amusements." (Manual, pg 15)| Games available in SierraLand: | |
|
Red Baron (game) Red Baron is a video game for the PC, created by Damon Slye at Dynamix and published by Sierra Entertainment. It was released in 1990.As the name suggests, the game is a flying simulation set on the Western Front of World War I. The player can engage in single missions or career mode, flying for... (later moved into the Arena Land) Stratego Stratego is a board game featuring a 10×10 square board and two players with 40 pieces each. Pieces represent individual officers and soldiers in an army. The objective of the game is to either find and capture the opponent's Flag or to capture so many of the opponent's pieces that he/she cannot... |
FunHouse
(also known as School House, Little Red Funhouse)"The Little Red Funhouse is the future home to 'edutainment' games and activities. It is a place for kids who want to have fun learning." (Manual, pg 15)
- RocketQuiz (a 1 to 3 player math quiz game)
Arena
"The Arena is where you'll find exciting sports and action games." (Manual, pg 15)- Front Page Sports: Football
- Red BaronRed Baron (game)Red Baron is a video game for the PC, created by Damon Slye at Dynamix and published by Sierra Entertainment. It was released in 1990.As the name suggests, the game is a flying simulation set on the Western Front of World War I. The player can engage in single missions or career mode, flying for...
Pricing
When owned by Sierra Online, one was given a certain amount of hours per month which one could play, with multiple monthly fee plans available. Only one plan, for $119.99, allowed for unlimited hours of play. These fees did not include any additional dial-up charges the user may have incurred with their phone services as this was a dial-up modem access only service.Once acquired by AT&T
AT&T
AT&T Inc. is an American multinational telecommunications corporation headquartered in Whitacre Tower, Dallas, Texas, United States. It is the largest provider of mobile telephony and fixed telephony in the United States, and is also a provider of broadband and subscription television services...
however, no unlimited hour plan was available, and using hours beyond the monthly plan involved a hefty $2.50 per hour fee. AT&T also added a surcharge for those subscribers who did not access TSN/INN through a "Preferred Access Number" (PAN). This surcharge, plus the general increase in subscription fees, contributed to the decline in users until TSN/INN's shutdown in 1996.
Rates as of 1995 were as follows:
- Welcome Plan: 5 hours for $9.95, $2.95 each additional hour
- 10 Plan: 10 hours for $19.95, $2.75 each additional hour
- 15 Plan: 15 hours for $29.95, $2.50 each additional hour
- 25 Plan: 25 hours for $49.95, $2.25 each additional hour
- 50 Plan: 50 hours for $99.95, $1.95 each additional hour
- Unlimited Plan: for $129.95
Without a preferred access number, all weekday time between 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. was billed $6.00 an hour, additional time in one minute increments. AT&T users had a 10% discount on their monthly membership fee.
CyberPark
- 1996: AOL renames ImagiNation Network to WorldPlay Entertainment and orders termination of existing game network.
- 1997: WorldPlay develops GameXpress, a two-dimensional set of online games for Windows
- 1997: WorldPlay works on CyberPark, a somewhat three-dimensional world in which players can interact and play games.
- 1998: WorldPlay Entertainment delivers CyberPark to AOL and is rewarded with a 60% reduction in staff.
- 2000: AOL lends surviving WorldPlay engineers to Electronic ArtsElectronic ArtsElectronic Arts, Inc. is a major American developer, marketer, publisher and distributor of video games. Founded and incorporated on May 28, 1982 by Trip Hawkins, the company was a pioneer of the early home computer games industry and was notable for promoting the designers and programmers...
in order to help build out ea.com - 2003: Electronic Arts finally convinces AOL to pull the plug on the WorldPlay game servers.
ImagiNation Revival
The ImagiNation Revival is the first successful server emulatorEmulator
In computing, an emulator is hardware or software or both that duplicates the functions of a first computer system in a different second computer system, so that the behavior of the second system closely resembles the behavior of the first system...
for the ImagiNation Network. Development of the emulator has progressed to the point where many of the previously available games are now playable including the MMORPG
MMORPG
Massively multiplayer online role-playing game is a genre of role-playing video games in which a very large number of players interact with one another within a virtual game world....
: Yserbius. This new service was opened to the public in March 2007. Unlike the early remake versions that tried to rebuild the network from scratch the Revival project uses DOSBox
DOSBox
DOSBox is emulator software that emulates an IBM PC compatible computer running MS-DOS. It is intended especially for use with old PC games. DOSBox is free software....
and the original client software to connect to a server which emulates the original.
There are fan made installers too:
Further development is underway to resolve a few known issues and to make more games available for play. At this point, the following features and games are available (each feature or game is listed by the respective area it is in):
SierraLand
All games except for Paintball 2 are working.As of December 10, 2007 Red Baron is now online and fully playable.
MedievaLand
Shadow of Yserbius, Face Maker, Tavern, Volcano adventuring (including group play)As of 10 December 2007 The Fates of Twinion and The Ruins of Cawdor are online and fully playable.
FauxINN
In mid 2003, a high school student named Zane Wagner released a public alpha of the first completed ImagiNation Network remake, which he entitled FauxINN. FauxINN emulated many of INN's features, including Bulletin Boards, the Post Office, the Town Hall, and a limited form of the Clubhouse with a select few board games. New versions followed at weekly intervals, with each new release more closely emulating the original interface of ImagiNation. Hundreds of people played on the server over a period of several months. However, Zane conceded that he had lost interest in the project after he ran into problems while revamping the game's graphical API.In 2004, a new group of developers attempted to recreate INN, and they adopted the name 'FauxINN' as the name of their project. As of 2008, the FauxINN domain has not been renewed, and has been replaced by an ad placeholder site.
External links
- ImagiNation Revival (ImagiNation server emulation project)
- Faux INN (via Wayback Machine)
- One Little Community (via Wayback Machine)
- A commentary/analysis of the Imagination Network
- Zakky's INN Tribute (via Wayback Machine)
- Xenther's Homepage - Home of the Yserbius Project
- Yserbius.org - This site is intended for the purpose of Archival of all things Yserbius, TSN, INN.
- http://s.webring.com/hub?ring=tsninnring - Webring devoted to past users of the INN Network.
- http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/teriwho/inn_main.html&date=2009-10-25+22:45:35 - Web page devoted to the memories of the Imagination Network of former INN'ers