IX Corps (ACW)

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IX Corps (ACW)

IX Corps (Ninth Army Corps) was a corps

Corps

A Corps is either a large formation , or an administrative grouping of troops within an armed force with a common function such as Artillery or Signals representing an arm of service....
of the Union Army

Union Army

The Union Army was the army that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. It was also known as the Federal Army, the U.S....
during the American Civil War

American Civil War

The American Civil War , also known as the War Between the States and several Naming the American Civil War, was a civil war in the United States....
that distinguished itself in combat in multiple theaters: the Carolinas, Virginia

Virginia

The Commonwealth of Virginia is an United States U.S. state on the East Coast of the United States of the Southern United States. The state is known as the "Old Dominion" and sometimes as "Mother of Presidents", because it is the birthplace of Lists of United States Presidents by place of birth#By state....
, Kentucky

Kentucky

The Commonwealth of Kentucky is a U.S. state located in the East Central United States of America. Kentucky is normally included in the group of Southern United States , but it is uncommonly included, geographically and culturally, in the Midwestern United States....
, Tennessee

Tennessee

Tennessee is a U.S. state located in the Southern United States United States. In 1796, it became the sixteenth state to join the United States....
, and Mississippi

Mississippi

Mississippi is a U.S. state located in the Deep South of the United States. Jackson, Mississippi is the state capital and largest city. The state's name comes from the Mississippi River, which flows along its western boundary, and takes its name from the Anishinaabe language word misi-ziibi ....
.

Formation, Second Bull Run, and Antietam Although the official order designating its number was not issued until July 22, 1862, the IX Corps organization dates from the expedition to North Carolina

North Carolina

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IX Corps (Ninth Army Corps) was a corps

Corps

Union Army

The Union Army was the army that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. It was also known as the Federal Army, the U.S....
during the American Civil War

American Civil War

Virginia

Kentucky

Tennessee

Tennessee is a U.S. state located in the Southern United States United States. In 1796, it became the sixteenth state to join the United States....
, and Mississippi

Mississippi

Corps history

Formation, Second Bull Run, and Antietam

Although the official order designating its number was not issued until July 22, 1862, the IX Corps organization dates from the expedition to North Carolina

North Carolina

North Carolina is a U.S. state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north....
in February, 1862, under Ambrose E. Burnside and to the operations about Hilton Head, South Carolina, because the troops engaged in these movements were the only ones used in the formation of the corps. The corps was assembled by Burnside at Newport News, Virginia

Newport News, Virginia

Newport News is an independent city in the Hampton Roads region of Virginia. It is at the south-western end of the Virginia Peninsula, on the north shore of the James River extending southeast from Skiffe's Creek along many miles of waterfront to the river's mouth at Newport News Point on the harbor of Hampton Roads....
, from his two brigades from North Carolina and Aaron F. Stevens's division

Division (military)

A division is a large military unit or Formation usually consisting of between ten to thirty thousand soldiers. In most armies, a division is composed of several regiments or brigades, and in turn several divisions make up a corps....
from Hilton Head. The corps consisted of three divisions, under Generals Stevens, Jesse L. Reno

Jesse L. Reno

Jesse Lee Reno was a career United States Army officer who served in the Mexican-American War, the western frontier, and as a Union Army General officer during the American Civil War....
, and John G. Parke.

After a short stay at Newport News the corps was ordered to reinforce Maj. Gen. John Pope's

John Pope (military officer)

John Pope was a career United States Army officer and Union Army general in the American Civil War. He had a brief but successful career in the Western Theater of the American Civil War, but he is best known for his defeat at the Second Battle of Bull Run in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War....
Army of Virginia

Army of Virginia

The Army of Virginia was organized as a major unit of the Union Army and operated briefly and unsuccessfully in 1862 in the American Civil War. It should not be confused with its principal opponent, the Confederate States Army Army of Northern Virginia, commanded by Robert E....
, and at Second Bull Run

Second Battle of Bull Run

The Second Battle of Bull Run, or, as it was called by the Confederate States of America, the Battle of Second Manassas, was fought August 28–30, 1862, as part of the American Civil War....
it fought its first battle as the IX Corps. Only the two divisions of Stevens and Reno were engaged in this action; they numbered 12 regiments and 2 batteries, fewer than 5,000 men. General Reno was in command of both divisions in Burnside's absence. The losses in this small engagement amounted to 204 killed, 1,000 wounded, and 319 missing; total, 1,523. Some of the regiments encountered a severe fire, the 28th Massachusetts losing 234 men. General Stevens was killed at Chantilly

Battle of Chantilly

}|-||}The Battle of Chantilly took place on September 1, 1862, in Fairfax County, Virginia, as the concluding battle of the Northern Virginia Campaign of the American Civil War....
.

General Reno retained command of the corps on the Maryland Campaign

Maryland Campaign

The Maryland Campaign, or the Antietam Campaign, of September 1862 is widely considered one of the major Turning Point of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....
, General Burnside having charge of the right wing of the Army of the Potomac

Army of the Potomac

The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....
, which was composed of the I

I Corps (ACW)

I Corps was the designation of three different corps-sized units in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The units served in the following armies:...
and IX Corps. Maj. Gen. Orlando B. Willcox

Orlando B. Willcox

Orlando Bolivar Willcox was an United States soldier who served as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War....
was appointed to the command of Stevens's (1st) Division, while the 2nd and 3rd Divisions were commanded, respectively, by Generals Samuel D. Sturgis

Samuel D. Sturgis

Samuel Davis Sturgis was an American military officer who served in the Mexican-American War, as a Union Army general in the American Civil War, and later in the Indian Wars....
and Isaac P. Rodman

Isaac P. Rodman

Isaac Peace Rodman was a Rhode Island banker and politician, and a Union Army Brigadier general in the American Civil War, mortally wounded at the Battle of Antietam....
. During this campaign Jacob D. Cox's Kanawha Division from western Virginia was temporarily attached to the corps. The command had also been greatly strengthened by the accession of several new regiments, just organized under the recent call for troops, and its four divisions now numbered 29 regiments and 5 batteries, with 13,819 present for duty, including non-combatants.

The Battle of South Mountain

Battle of South Mountain

The Battle of South Mountain was fought September 14, 1862, as part of the Maryland Campaign of the American Civil War. Three pitched battles were fought for possession of three South Mountain passes: Crampton's Gap, Turner's Gap, and Fox's Gaps....
was fought wholly by Burnside's two corps, the IX Corps losing 157 killed, 691 wounded, and 41 missing; total, 889. The loss in the I Corps was about the same. General Reno was killed in this action, upon which General Cox succeeded to his command. At Antietam

Battle of Antietam

The Battle of Antietam , fought on September 17, 1862, near Sharpsburg, Maryland, and Antietam Creek, as part of the Maryland Campaign, was the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern United States soil....
the corps lost 438 killed, 1,796 wounded, and 115 missing; total, 2,349, out of about 8,500 in action. General Rodman was among the mortally wounded. In October, Cox's Division returned to western Virginia and its brief connection with the corps terminated. This division had made a brilliant record by its gallant services at South Mountain and Antietam.

Upon the departure of General Cox the command of the corps fell to General Willcox. General William W. Burns was appointed to fill the vacancy thus caused in the 1st Division, and Maj. Gen. George W. Getty

George W. Getty

George Washington Getty was a career military officer in the United States Army, most noted for his role as a division commander in the Army of the Potomac during the final full year of the American Civil War....
was placed in command of the 3rd Division, formerly Rodman's. On November 5, 1862, General Burnside was made commander-in-chief of the Army of the Potomac.

At Fredericksburg

Battle of Fredericksburg

The Battle of Fredericksburg, fought in and around Fredericksburg, Virginia, from December 11 to December 15, 1862, between General Robert E. Lee's Confederate States Army Army of Northern Virginia and the Union Army Army of the Potomac, commanded by Major general Ambrose E....
, the casualty lists indicate that the corps took into action 31 regiments and 5 batteries, with a loss of 111 killed, 1,067 wounded, and 152 missing; total, 1,330. Not long after this battle Maj. Gen. John Sedgwick

John Sedgwick

John Sedgwick was a teacher, a career military officer, and a Union Army general in the American Civil War. His death at the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House is often considered a well known tale of irony....
was assigned to the command of the corps, and General Willcox returned to the command of his division, relieving General Burns.

Western Theater

On February 5, 1863, Sedgwick was succeeded by Maj. Gen. William F. “Baldy” Smith

William Farrar Smith

William Farrar Smith , was a civil engineer, a member of the police commission, and Union army General officer in the American Civil War....
, and on February 12 the corps was ordered to Newport News, where it encamped for a month. General Smith's stay with the corps was of short duration, for he was succeeded in the following month by Maj. Gen. John G. Parke. While at Newport News, Getty's (3rd) Division was detached and ordered to Suffolk, Virginia

Suffolk, Virginia

Suffolk is an independent city located in the South Hampton Roads area of eastern Virginia. Geographically, it is the largest of the Seven Cities of Hampton Roads, and the largest independent city in land-area in the entire Commonwealth....
, where it was subsequently incorporated into the VII Corps

VII Corps (ACW)

Two corps of the Union Army were called VII Corps during the American Civil War....
. It never rejoined its old command although, in 1864, one of its regiments, the 4th Rhode Island, was restored to the IX Corps.

In the meantime, General Burnside had been assigned to the command of the Department of Ohio, a district that included Kentucky

Kentucky

Tennessee

Tennessee is a U.S. state located in the Southern United States United States. In 1796, it became the sixteenth state to join the United States....
. He obtained permission for the transfer of his old corps to this field of operations, and on March 19, 1863, General Parke was ordered to proceed there with his two remaining divisions, Willcox's and Sturgis's. Just prior to the departure from Virginia, General Sturgis was relieved, and Maj. Gen. Robert B. Potter was assigned to the command of the 2nd Division. The IX Corps was stationed in Kentucky for two months, during which it served as an army of occupation. In June it was ordered to the support of Ulysses S. Grant

Ulysses S. Grant

Ulysses S. Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant , was an United States general and the List of Presidents of the United States President of the United States ....
, who was then besieging Vicksburg

Battle of Vicksburg

The Siege of Vicksburg was the final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. In a series of maneuvers, Union Army Major general Ulysses S....
, and proceeding there promptly, it participated in the investment of the city, although not under fire. Upon the surrender of Vicksburg, Parke's two divisions joined the main army in its movement on Jackson, Mississippi

Jackson, Mississippi

Jackson is the Capital and the most populous city of the U.S. Mississippi. It is one of two county seats in Hinds County, Mississippi; the town of Raymond, Mississippi is the other....
, and became engaged in the fighting there, with a loss of 34 killed, 229 wounded, and 28 missing; total, 291. The 1st Division was then under command of Maj. Gen. Thomas Welsh

Thomas Welsh (general)

Thomas Welsh was a soldier in the United States Army during the Mexican-American War and a Brigadier general during the American Civil War....
, General Willcox having been assigned to duty in Indiana

Indiana

The State of Indiana was the 19th U.S. state admitted into the union. It is located in the Midwestern United States of the United States of America....
. The Vicksburg Campaign

Vicksburg Campaign

The Vicksburg Campaign was a series of maneuvers and battles in the Western Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War directed against Vicksburg, Mississippi, a fortress city that dominated the last Confederate States of America-controlled section of the Mississippi River....
had been a costly one for the Corps, not due to battle casualties, but to disease. Among those who succumbed to the deadly malaria of the Vicksburg camps was General Welsh, who, soon after, went home to die.

The corps left Mississippi in August, 1863, and returned to Kentucky, where, after a short rest, it joined in Burnside's advance into East Tennessee, a movement that had already commenced. The two divisions were now reduced to about 6,000 men. General Parke having been made chief of staff of the Army of the Ohio

Army of the Ohio

The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union Army armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863....
, General Potter succeeded to the command of the corps, with Generals John F. Hartranft

John F. Hartranft

John Frederick Hartranft was the governor of Pennsylvania from 1873 to 1879 and a Union Army General officer who received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the American Civil War....
and Edward Ferrero

Edward Ferrero

Edward Ferrero was one of the leading dance instructors, choreographers, and ballroom operators in the United States. He also served as a Union Army general in the American Civil War, best remembered for his role in the Battle of the Crater in 1864....
in command of the two divisions.

Ferrero's Division had a sharp little fight at Blue Springs, Tennessee

Battle of Blue Springs

The Battle of Blue Springs was a battle of the American Civil War, occurring on October 10, 1863, in Greene County, Tennessee.Major General Ambrose E....
, October 10, 1863, and the whole corps was engaged, November 16, at Campbell's Station

Battle of Campbell's Station

The Battle of Campbell's Station was a battle of the Knoxville Campaign of the American Civil War, occurring on November 16, 1863, at Campbell's Station, , Knox County, Tennessee....
. This was followed by the occupation of Knoxville

Knoxville, Tennessee

Founded in 1786, Knoxville is the third-largest city in the U.S. state of Tennessee, behind Memphis, Tennessee and Nashville, Tennessee, and is the county seat of Knox County, Tennessee....
and the gallant defense against James Longstreet

James Longstreet

James Longstreet was one of the foremost Confederate States Army General officers of the American Civil War and the principal subordinate to General Robert E....
's besieging forces, terminating December 4, in the defeat and withdrawal of the enemy.

Overland Campaign

General Willcox resumed command of the corps on January 17, 1864, relieving General Potter; on January 26, Parke relieved Willcox, who then took command of the 2nd Division.

General Burnside was again assigned to duty as commander of his old corps, which was ordered to Annapolis, Maryland

Annapolis, Maryland

Annapolis is the capital of the U.S. state of Maryland, as well as the county seat of Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It has a population of 36,408 , and is situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River , south of Baltimore and about east of Washington D.C....
, for reorganization. In April, the corps was composed of the four divisions of Thomas G. Stevenson, Potter, Willcox, and Ferrero, the latter division being composed wholly of African-American troops. The corps numbered 19,331 present for duty, with 42 pieces of field artillery; but this number was soon increased, the morning reports of May 10 showing a strength of 32,708. In addition to the four divisions, with their two batteries each, there was a brigade of reserve artillery of six batteries and a provisional brigade of heavy artillerymen and dismounted cavalry. In all, there were 42 regiments of infantry, and 14 batteries of light artillery. Ferrero's Colored Division had never been under fire, while many of the white regiments in the corps were newly organized, or had served previously on garrison duty only. In the ranks of the old regiments were many recruits and conscripts.

In the Overland Campaign

Overland Campaign

The Overland Campaign, also known as Grant's Overland Campaign and the Wilderness Campaign, was a series of battles fought in Virginia during May and June 1864, in the American Civil War....
, Ulysses S. Grant launched a major offensive against Robert E. Lee

Robert E. Lee

Robert Edward Lee , was a career United States United States Army officer , an engineer, and among the most celebrated generals in American history....
starting in May, 1864. His command in Northern Virginia

Northern Virginia

Northern Virginia consistsof several County and independent cities in the U.S. state of Virginia in a widespread region generally radiating southerly and westward from Washington, D.C....
consisted of the Army of the Potomac, under Maj. Gen. George G. Meade, and the IX Corps operating separately, reporting directly to Grant. Burnside technically outranked Meade and objected to receiving commands from a junior officer. By the time of the Battle of North Anna

Battle of North Anna

The Battle of North Anna was fought from May 23 to May 26, 1864, as part of Union Army Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign against Confederate States Army Gen....
, however, Grant acknowledged that this arrangement was ineffective and he convinced Burnside, along with General Parke, his chief-of-staff, to waive the question of their superiority of rank over Meade. On May 25, the IX Corps was assigned to the Army of the Potomac.

In the Battle of the Wilderness

Battle of the Wilderness

The Battle of the Wilderness, fought May 5–7, 1864, was the first battle of Lieutenant general Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Virginia Overland Campaign against General Robert E....
the corps lost 240 killed, 1,232 wounded, 168 missing; total, 1,640; and, at Spotsylvania, 486 killed, 2,119 wounded, 469 missing; total, 3,146; the heaviest loss at Spotsylvania Court House

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House

The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, sometimes simply referred to as the Battle of Spotsylvania, was the second major battle in Lieutenant general Ulysses S....
occurring in the action of May 12. The corps assaulted the right, eastern, flank of the "Mule Shoe" salient. General Stevenson was killed at Spotsylvania on May 10, and Maj. Gen. Thomas L. Crittenden, formerly commander of the XXI Corps

XXI Corps (ACW)

XXI Corps was a corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War. It served as part of William S. Rosecrans's Army of the Cumberland and was in existence from January 9th to October 1863....
, was assigned to the command of Stevenson's (1st) Division.

Petersburg and the Crater

On June 9, at Cold Harbor

Battle of Cold Harbor

The Battle of Cold Harbor, the final battle of Union Army Lieutenant general Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Overland Campaign during the American Civil War, is remembered as one of History of the United States bloodiest, most lopsided battles....
, General Crittenden was relieved at his own request, and Brig. Gen. James H. Ledlie

James H. Ledlie

James Hewett Ledlie was a civil engineer for United States railroads and a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He is best known for his dereliction of duty at the Battle of the Crater during the Siege of Petersburg....
was placed in command of the 1st Division. In the first assault on Petersburg, June 17, the corps made a brilliant attack, Potter's Division gaining possession of the works; unfortunately, the division was obliged to relinquish its foothold for want of proper support. The corps was engaged in a similar attempt on the following day, the losses in Potter's and Willcox's Divisions being unusually severe in proportion to the number engaged. Losses were 497 killed, 3,232 wounded, and 262 missing; total, 2,991. The dead included Brig. Gen. James St. Clair Morton, chief engineer of the corps.

The enemy's works proving too strong for assault, the army entrenched itself in preparation for the ten-month siege that followed. On June 19, Ferrero's (4th) Division of black troops rejoined the corps, having been absent during the whole of the previous campaign, engaged on duty at the rear. Ferrero's men were now placed in the trenches with the other three divisions. The part of the line occupied by the IX Corps was very near the enemy's works, and an incessant firing was kept up during the siege, resulting in a daily loss of men, killed or wounded. While there was a comparative quiet in front of the other corps positions, the men of the IX Corps were subjected to the terrible strain of a constant watchfulness and deadly exposure. The enemy seemed to be excited to an undue activity by the presence of Ferrero's Colored Division.

The IX Corps was prominently connected with the siege because of its role in the infamous Battle of the Crater

Battle of the Crater

The Battle of the Crater was a battle of the American Civil War, part of the Siege of Petersburg. It took place on July 30, 1864, between the Confederate States Army Army of Northern Virginia, commanded by General Robert E....
, in which a lengthy mine shaft was dug from its line to under the Confederate

Confederate States Army

The Confederate States Army was a military organization whose primary mission was to provide the necessary forces and capabilities to support the National Security and defense of the Confederate States of America during its brief existence from 1861 to 1865....
works. This mine, which was excavated by the coal miners of 48th Pennsylvania, Potter's Division, was successfully exploded with four tons of gunpowder, resulting in an enormous crater, but the assault that followed was a failure. Just before the assault, Grant and Meade directed Burnside to replace Ferrero's black division with Ledlie's white division, fearful of the political consequences of using black troops at the forefront of a major assault. But Ledlie's troops were not trained for the assault and Ledlie himself remained in the rear area, inebriated. The assault was a fiasco, in which Union soldiers charged into the crater, becoming trapped there, easy targets for the Confederates along the crater's rim. Ferrero's black regiments went into action in the rear and fought well, but had no chance for success. The losses in the IX Corps at the crater were 473 killed, 1,646 wounded, 1,356 missing; total, 3,475. Immediately after this engagement, General Ledlie was relieved from command of the 1st Division, and Brig. Gen. Julius White

Julius White

Julius White was a Brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War, as well as a postbellum diplomat....
, of the XXIII Corps

XXIII Corps (ACW)

XXIII Corps was a corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War. It served in the Western Theater of the American Civil War as part of the Army of the Ohio....
, was assigned to Ledlie's place.

On August 13, 1864, General Burnside was granted a leave of absence; he never rejoined the corps, but was succeeded by General Parke, who remained in command until the close of the war. At the battle of the Weldon Railroad

Battle of Globe Tavern

The Battle of Globe Tavern, also known as the Second Battle of the Weldon Railroad, fought from August 18 to August 21, 1864, saw the Confederate States of America forces lose control of the vital Weldon Railroad to the Union Army during the Siege of Petersburg of the American Civil War....
, August 19–21, 1864, the three divisions of White, Potter, and Willcox were engaged with considerable loss, although the three combined numbered less than 6,000 muskets; casualties were 60 killed and 315 wounded. By this time the divisions had become so reduced in numbers that a reorganization of the corps became necessary, and so the regiments in White's Division were transferred to the divisions of Potter and Willcox. Under this arrangement Willcox's Division was numbered as the 1st; Potter's, as the 2nd; Ferrero's black troops were designated as the 3rd Division. But in December, Ferrero's Division was permanently detached, and most of his regiments were transferred to the newly organized XXV Corps

XXV Corps (ACW)

XXV Corps was a corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was unique in that it was made up almost entirely of United States Colored Troops, which had previously belonged to the X Corps and XVIII Corps ....
, which was composed entirely of black troops. General Ferrero himself was assigned to a provisional command at Bermuda Hundred.

1865

The vacancy caused by detaching Ferrero's Division was filled by six new regiments of Pennsylvanians on one-year enlistments, organized into a division of two brigades, the command of which was given to General John F. Hartranft. This division rendered gallant service at Fort Stedman

Battle of Fort Stedman

The Battle of Fort Stedman was fought on March 25, 1865, during the final days of the American Civil War. The Union Army fortification in the siege lines around Petersburg, Virginia, was attacked in a pre-dawn Confederate States of America assault by troops led by Major General John B....
, and Hartranft added to his laurels by the ability displayed at that critical juncture.

The morning report for March 31, 1865, showed a corps strength of 18,153, "present for duty, equipped," and 36 pieces of light artillery. With this force the IX Corps entered upon the final campaign, taking a prominent part in the storming of Petersburg, April 2, 1865, which resulted in the evacuation of Richmond

Richmond, Virginia

Richmond is the Capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in the United States. Like all Virginia municipalities incorporated as cities, it is an independent city and not part of any county....
and the downfall of the Confederacy. The corps was not only among the foremost in this brilliant assault, but its flags were the first to wave over the public buildings of Petersburg. This was the last battle in which the corps participated, and on July 27, 1865, the IX Corps was officially disbanded.

Command history

Ambrose E. Burnside	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	July 22, 1862 – August 3, 1862
Ambrose E. Burnside	Department of Virginia	August 3, 1862 – September 3, 1862
Jesse L. Reno Jesse L. Reno Jesse Lee Reno was a career United States Army officer who served in the Mexican-American War, the western frontier, and as a Union Army General officer during the American Civil War....	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	September 3, 1862 – September 14, 1862
Jacob D. Cox	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	September 14, 1862 – October 8, 1862
Orlando B. Willcox Orlando B. Willcox Orlando Bolivar Willcox was an United States soldier who served as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War....	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	October 8, 1862 – January 16, 1863
John Sedgwick John Sedgwick John Sedgwick was a teacher, a career military officer, and a Union Army general in the American Civil War. His death at the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House is often considered a well known tale of irony....	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	January 16, 1863 – February 5, 1863
William F. Smith William F. Smith William F. Smith may refer to:William Farrar Smith , Union Army GeneralWilliam Francis Smith , U.S. District Court judge*William French Smith , U.S....	Department of Virginia	February 5, 1863 – March 8, 1863
Orlando B. Willcox Orlando B. Willcox Orlando Bolivar Willcox was an United States soldier who served as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War....	Department of Virginia	March 8, 1863 – March 17, 1863
Ambrose E. Burnside	Department of the Ohio Department of the Ohio The Department of the Ohio was an administrative military district created by the United States Department of War early in the American Civil War to administer the troops in the Northern United States near the Ohio River....	March 17, 1863 – March 19, 1863
John G. Parke	Department of the Ohio Department of the Ohio The Department of the Ohio was an administrative military district created by the United States Department of War early in the American Civil War to administer the troops in the Northern United States near the Ohio River....	March 19, 1863 – April 4, 1863
Orlando B. Willcox Orlando B. Willcox Orlando Bolivar Willcox was an United States soldier who served as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War....	Department of the Ohio Department of the Ohio The Department of the Ohio was an administrative military district created by the United States Department of War early in the American Civil War to administer the troops in the Northern United States near the Ohio River....	April 4, 1863 – June 5, 1863
John G. Parke	Department of the Tennessee	June 5, 1863 – August 25, 1863
Robert B. Potter	Army of the Ohio Army of the Ohio The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union Army armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863....	August 25, 1863 – September 15, 1863
John G. Parke	Army of the Ohio Army of the Ohio The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union Army armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863....	September 15, 1863 – September 17, 1863
Ambrose E. Burnside	Army of the Ohio Army of the Ohio The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union Army armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863....	September 17, 1863 – December 9, 1863
John G. Foster John G. Foster John Gray Foster was a career military officer in the United States Army and a Union Army general during the American Civil War whose most distinguished services were in North Carolina and South Carolina....	Army of the Ohio Army of the Ohio The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union Army armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863....	December 9, 1863 – January 17, 1864
Orlando B. Willcox Orlando B. Willcox Orlando Bolivar Willcox was an United States soldier who served as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War....	Army of the Ohio Army of the Ohio The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union Army armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863....	January 17, 1864 – January 26, 1864
John G. Parke	Army of the Ohio Army of the Ohio The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union Army armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863....	January 26, 1864 – March 16, 1864
Orlando B. Willcox Orlando B. Willcox Orlando Bolivar Willcox was an United States soldier who served as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War....	Army of the Ohio Army of the Ohio The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union Army armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863....	March 16, 1864 – April 13, 1864
Ambrose E. Burnside	Army of the Ohio Army of the Ohio The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union Army armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863....	April 13, 1864 – May 24, 1864
Ambrose E. Burnside	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	May 24, 1864 – August 22, 1864
John G. Parke	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	August 22, 1864 – September 1, 1864
Orlando B. Willcox Orlando B. Willcox Orlando Bolivar Willcox was an United States soldier who served as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War....	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	September 1, 1864 – September 10, 1864
John G. Parke	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	September 10, 1864 – December 31, 1864
Orlando B. Willcox Orlando B. Willcox Orlando Bolivar Willcox was an United States soldier who served as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War....	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	December 31, 1864 – January 12, 1865
John G. Parke	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	January 12, 1865 – January 24, 1865
Orlando B. Willcox Orlando B. Willcox Orlando Bolivar Willcox was an United States soldier who served as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War....	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	January 24, 1865 – February 2, 1865
John G. Parke	Army of the Potomac Army of the Potomac The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War of the American Civil War....	February 2, 1865 – April 24, 1865
John G. Parke	Department of Washington	April 24, 1865 – June 7, 1865
Orlando B. Willcox Orlando B. Willcox Orlando Bolivar Willcox was an United States soldier who served as a general in the Union army during the American Civil War....	Department of Washington	June 7, 1865 – June 26, 1865
John G. Parke	Department of Washington	June 26, 1865 – July 27, 1865

IX Corps (ACW)

Corps history

Formation, Second Bull Run, and Antietam

Western Theater

Overland Campaign

Petersburg and the Crater

1865

Command history

External links