Hüttwilen
Encyclopedia
Hüttwilen is a municipality
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...

 in Frauenfeld District in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...

 of Thurgau
Thurgau
Thurgau is a northeast canton of Switzerland. The population, , is . In 2007, there were a total of 47,390 who were resident foreigners. The capital is Frauenfeld.-History:...

 in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....

.

History

Archeological sites and scattered, individual items indicate that there was a mesolithic
Mesolithic
The Mesolithic is an archaeological concept used to refer to certain groups of archaeological cultures defined as falling between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic....

 settlement in the Seebachtal near Hüttwilen. In 1928 a Roman era
Switzerland in the Roman era
The history of Switzerland in the Roman era encompasses the roughly six centuries during which the territory of modern Switzerland was a part of the Roman Republic and Empire...

 estate was discovered in Stutheien which proves that there was a Roman settlement in the area. The modern municipality of Hüttwilen is first mentioned in 1255 as Hutewiler.

In 1466 the village came the rule of the Carthusian
Carthusian
The Carthusian Order, also called the Order of St. Bruno, is a Roman Catholic religious order of enclosed monastics. The order was founded by Saint Bruno of Cologne in 1084 and includes both monks and nuns...

 monastery at Ittingen. The monastery held the majority of the lower court authority
High, middle and low justice
High, middle and low justices are notions dating from Western feudalism to indicate descending degrees of judiciary power to administer justice by the maximal punishment the holders could inflict upon their subjects and other dependents....

 over the village until 1798.

In 1466 the church was built in the village, under the monastery's authority. During the Protestant Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...

 in 1529 the village converted to the new faith. The Catholic
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...

 nobles in the village were able to reinstate the Catholic Mass
Mass (liturgy)
"Mass" is one of the names by which the sacrament of the Eucharist is called in the Roman Catholic Church: others are "Eucharist", the "Lord's Supper", the "Breaking of Bread", the "Eucharistic assembly ", the "memorial of the Lord's Passion and Resurrection", the "Holy Sacrifice", the "Holy and...

 at the church in 1551. Until 1961 the church was used by both denominations. In 1962 a new Reformed
Swiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...

 church was built. It was followed in 1964 by a Catholic church. Starting in 1551 the chapel in Uesslingen has been a branch
Filial church
A filial church, in the Roman Catholic Church, is a church to which is annexed the cure of souls, but which remains dependent on another church. The term comes from the Latin filialis, from filia, daughter....

 of the Hüttwilen Reformed parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...

.

For most of the village's history, the main economic activities were wine production, farming and fruit growing. Then, in the late 19th Century livestock and dairy farming were added. In 1900 a hand embroidery plant opened, and into the 20th Century peat
Peat
Peat is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation matter or histosol. Peat forms in wetland bogs, moors, muskegs, pocosins, mires, and peat swamp forests. Peat is harvested as an important source of fuel in certain parts of the world...

 was produced. The Seebachkorrektion (Seebach river correction) of 1857-62, and the land improvement
Land improvement
Land improvement or land amelioration refers to investments making land more usable by humans. In terms of accounting, land improvements refer to any variety of projects that increase the value of the property...

 projects of 1943-49 opened up new agricultural land. Agriculture was a significant source of income until 1960 when it began to decline in importance and was increasingly replaced by commercial companies. The largest employer is the structure and scaffolding Nussli Group
Nussli Group
NUSSLI Group is an internationally operating group that is specialized in event, stadia and exhibition construction.Nussli plans, constructs, rents and sells temporary and permanent constructions like stadiums, grandstands, bleachers, platforms, stages, pedestrian bridges along with exhibition...

., (2011: 350 employees in Hüttwilen and worldwide). In 1966 the natural and cultural landscape of the Seebach was put under protection which limited development.

Geography

Hüttwilen has an area, , of 17.66 square kilometres (6.8 sq mi). Of this area, 10.53 km² (4.1 sq mi) or 59.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 5.39 km² (2.1 sq mi) or 30.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.15 km² (0.444017482381415 sq mi) or 6.5% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.59 km² (0.227800273569596 sq mi) or 3.3% is either rivers or lakes and 0.02 km² (4.9 acre) or 0.1% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 3.2% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 0.3% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.3%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 2.4%. Out of the forested land, 28.4% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.2% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 54.0% is used for growing crops, while 5.6% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is in lakes.

The municipality is located in Frauenfeld District, in the Seebachtal between Frauenfeld
Frauenfeld
Frauenfeld is the capital of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.-Early history:The earliest trace of human settlement are several La Tène era graves to the east of Langdorf. The Roman road from Oberwinterthur to Pfyn ran through what is now the Allmend in Frauenfeld. Two Roman villas were...

 and Diessenhofen
Diessenhofen
Diessenhofen is a municipality in Frauenfeld District in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.-History:Diessenhofen is first mentioned in 757 as Deozincova. In 2000, the village of Willisdorf was incorporated into the municipality...

. It was formed in 1997 from the former municipal commune (Munizipalgemeinde) of Hüttwilen which included the former Ortsgemeinden
Bürgergemeinde
The Bürgergemeinde is a statutory corporation in public law in Switzerland...

of Hüttwilen (including Kalchrain), Nussbaumen and Uerschhausen.

The lakes Nussbaumersee
Nussbaumersee
Nussbaumersee is a small lake between Nussbaumen and Uerschhausen, both in the municipality of Hüttwilen in the Canton of Thurgau, Switzerland. Its surface area is 0.252 km². Hüttwilersee and Hasensee are located in the same valley....

, Hüttwilersee
Hüttwilersee
Hüttwilersee is a lake in the Canton of Thurgau, Switzerland. It is located near two other lakes, Nussbaumersee and Hasensee, on the border of the municipalities of Hüttwilen und Uesslingen-Buch.- External links :*...

 and Hasensee
Hasensee
Hasensee is a lake in the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland. It is located in the same valley as Nussbaumersee and Hüttwilersee. Its surface area is 0.11 km² and the surface elevation is 434.16 m, after being lowered by 1.5 m in World War II....

 are located in the municipality.

Demographics

Hüttwilen has a population of , 7.7% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 2.6%. Most of the population speaks German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....

(93.6%), with Portuguese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...

 being second most common ( 1.4%) and Albanian
Albanian language
Albanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece...

 being third ( 1.2%).

, the gender distribution of the population was 50.8% male and 49.2% female. The population was made up of 664 Swiss men (46.3% of the population), and 65 (4.5%) non-Swiss men. There were 659 Swiss women (46.0%), and 46 (3.2%) non-Swiss women. In there were 15 live births to Swiss citizens and 1 birth to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 12 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 3 while the foreign population increased by 1. There were 5 Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country, 4 Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland to another country, 3 non-Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country and 1 non-Swiss woman who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 13 and there was no non-Swiss population change. This represents a population growth rate of 0.9%.

The age distribution, , in Hüttwilen is; 174 children or 12.0% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 176 teenagers or 12.1% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 153 people or 10.6% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 172 people or 11.9% are between 30 and 39, 241 people or 16.6% are between 40 and 49, and 237 people or 16.3% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 159 people or 11.0% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 87 people or 6.0% are between 70 and 79, there are 41 people or 2.8% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 10 people or 0.7% who are 90 and older.

the average number of residents per living room was 0.52 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.56 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 61% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...

 or a rent-to-own agreement). , there were 502 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household.

there were 250 single family homes (or 85.0% of the total) out of a total of 294 inhabited buildings. There were 27 two family buildings (9.2%), 8 three family buildings (2.7%) and 9 multi-family buildings (or 3.1%). There were 319 (or 22.8%) persons who were part of a couple without children, and 811 (or 58.0%) who were part of a couple with children. There were 52 (or 3.7%) people who lived in single parent home, while there are 14 persons who were adult children living with one or both parents, 10 persons who lived in a household made up of relatives, 2 who lived in a household made up of unrelated persons, and 72 who are either institutionalized or live in another type of collective housing. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 1.01%. , the construction rate of new housing units was 7 new units per 1000 residents.

there were 540 apartments in the municipality. There were 16 single room apartments and 167 apartments with six or more rooms. the average price to rent an average apartment in Hüttwilen was 1166.32 Swiss franc
Swiss franc
The franc is the currency and legal tender of Switzerland and Liechtenstein; it is also legal tender in the Italian exclave Campione d'Italia. Although not formally legal tender in the German exclave Büsingen , it is in wide daily use there...

s (CHF) per month (US$930, £520, €750 approx. exchange rate from 2000). The average rate for a one room apartment was 377.75 CHF (US$300, £170, €240), a two room apartment was about 609.00 CHF (US$490, £270, €390), a three room apartment was about 879.60 CHF (US$700, £400, €560) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 1752.05 CHF (US$1400, £790, €1120). The average apartment price in Hüttwilen was 104.5% of the national average of 1116 CHF.

In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...

 the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...

 which received 41.85% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...

 (19.5%), the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....

 (12.22%) and the Green Party
Green Party of Switzerland
The Green Party of Switzerland is the fifth-largest party in the National Council of Switzerland, and the largest party that is not represented on the Federal Council.-History:...

 (10.45%). In the federal election, a total of 598 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...

 was 58.0%.

The historical population is given in the following table:
year population
1850 1,143
1860 1,241
1870 1,260
1880 1,140
1890 1,173
1900 1,054
1950 1,084
1960 1,130
1980 1,152
1990 1,330
2000 1,398

Heritage sites of national significance

The former Cistercian monastery and the prehistoric lake shore settlement at Üerschhausen are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance
Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...

. The entire village of Nussbaumen is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...

.

The prehistoric settlement at Nussbaumersee is part of the Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps
Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps
Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps is a series of prehistoric pile-dwelling settlements in and around the Alps built from around 5000 to 500 B.C. on the edges of lakes, rivers or wetlands...

 a UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...

 World Heritage Site.

The monastery was built in 1703-23 by two Johann Mosbruggers (father and son) and Michael Rueff following plans by Caspar Mosbruggers. Originally built on a strongly symmetric floor plan, numerous renovations have changed much of the interior. Since 1848, it has been owned by the canton and used as a school.

Economy

, Hüttwilen had an unemployment rate of 0.67%. , there were 196 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 70 businesses involved in this sector. 225 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 22 businesses in this sector. 262 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 41 businesses in this sector.

there were 1,012 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 441 or about 43.6% of the residents worked outside Hüttwilen while 330 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 901 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 7.4% used public transportation to get to work, and 47.4% used a private car.

Religion

From the , 370 or 26.5% were Roman Catholic, while 790 or 56.5% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there are 6 individuals (or about 0.43% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 50 individuals (or about 3.58% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There were 22 (or about 1.57% of the population) who are Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and .   : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...

ic. There are 3 individuals (or about 0.21% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 111 (or about 7.94% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....

 or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...

, and 46 individuals (or about 3.29% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education

The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Hüttwilen about 77.1% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
Fachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...

).

Hüttwilen is home to the Hüttwilen primary school district. It is also home to the Hüttwilen secondary school district.

In the primary school district there are 76 students who are in kindergarten or the primary level. There are 22 children in the kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...

, and the average class size is 22 kindergartners. Of the children in kindergarten, 16 or 72.7% are female. The lower and upper primary levels begin at about age 5-6 and lasts for 6 years. There are 26 children in who are at the lower primary level and 28 children in the upper primary level. The average class size in the primary school is 18 students. At the lower primary level, there are 13 children or 50.0% of the total population who are female, 3 or 11.5% are not Swiss citizens and 2 or 7.7% do not speak German natively. In the upper primary level, there are 15 or 53.6% who are female, 3 or 10.7% are not Swiss citizens and 1 or 3.6% do not speak German natively.

In the secondary school district there are 184 students. They are all in special or remedial classes. Of the students, 97 or 52.7% are female, 9 or 4.9% are not Swiss citizens and 6 or 3.3% do not speak German natively.

External links

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