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A hydrogen compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of hydrogen
Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
 by reducing its volume. Compression of hydrogen gas naturally increases its temperature, due to Charles' Law. Hydrogen embrittlement
Hydrogen embrittlement

Hydrogen embrittlement is the process by which various metals, most importantly high-strength steel, become brittle and crack following exposure to hydrogen....
 occurs.

Hydrogen compressors are closely related to hydrogen pumps and gas compressor
Gas compressor

A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume.Compressors are similar to pumps: both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can transport the fluid through a pipe ....
s: both increase the pressure on a fluid
Fluid

A fluid is defined as a substance that continually deforms under an applied shear stress. All liquids and all gases are fluids. Fluids are a subset of the Phase and include liquids, gas, Plasma physics and, to some extent, plasticity ....
 and both can transport the fluid through a pipe
Hydrogen piping

Within installations, hydrogen piping is a system of pipes used to convey hydrogen from one location to another.For low pressure <275 psig and high pressure high purity hydrogen piping stainless steel 303, 304, 316 tubing, piping, fittings and components are preferred....
. As gases are compressible, the compressor also reduces the volume of hydrogen gas, whereas the main result of a pump raising the pressure of a liquid
Liquid

Liquid is one of the principal states of matter. A liquid is a fluid that has the particles loose and can freely form a distinct surface at the boundaries of its bulk material....
 is to allow the liquid hydrogen to be transported elsewhere.

Types of hydrogen compressors
lass="link1" onMouseover='showByLink("m7822105",this)' onMouseout='hide("m7822105")'href="http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Piston">Piston
Piston

A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, pumps and gas compressors. It is located in a Cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings....
-metal diaphragm compressor
Diaphragm compressor

A diaphragm compressor is a variant of the classic reciprocating compressor with backup and piston rings and rod seal. The compression of gas occurs by means of a flexible membrane, instead of an intake element....
s are stationary high pressure compressors, 4 staged water cooled, 11~15kW 30~50Nm3/h 40MPa for dispensation of hydrogen.

thermal hydrogen compressor the use of the thermal and pressure properties of a hydride
Hydride

Hydride is the name given to the Electric charge ion of hydrogen, H-. Although this ion does not exist except in extraordinary conditions, the term hydride is widely applied to describe Chemical compound of hydrogen with other chemical element, particularly those of Periodic table group 1–16....
 to absorb low pressure hydrogen gas and release high pressure hydrogen gas..






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Encyclopedia


A hydrogen compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of hydrogen
Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the chemical symbol H. At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, nonmetallic, tasteless, highly combustion and explosive Diatomic molecule gas with the molecular formula H2....
 by reducing its volume. Compression of hydrogen gas naturally increases its temperature, due to Charles' Law. Hydrogen embrittlement
Hydrogen embrittlement

Hydrogen embrittlement is the process by which various metals, most importantly high-strength steel, become brittle and crack following exposure to hydrogen....
 occurs.

Hydrogen compressors are closely related to hydrogen pumps and gas compressor
Gas compressor

A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume.Compressors are similar to pumps: both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can transport the fluid through a pipe ....
s: both increase the pressure on a fluid
Fluid

A fluid is defined as a substance that continually deforms under an applied shear stress. All liquids and all gases are fluids. Fluids are a subset of the Phase and include liquids, gas, Plasma physics and, to some extent, plasticity ....
 and both can transport the fluid through a pipe
Hydrogen piping

Within installations, hydrogen piping is a system of pipes used to convey hydrogen from one location to another.For low pressure <275 psig and high pressure high purity hydrogen piping stainless steel 303, 304, 316 tubing, piping, fittings and components are preferred....
. As gases are compressible, the compressor also reduces the volume of hydrogen gas, whereas the main result of a pump raising the pressure of a liquid
Liquid

Liquid is one of the principal states of matter. A liquid is a fluid that has the particles loose and can freely form a distinct surface at the boundaries of its bulk material....
 is to allow the liquid hydrogen to be transported elsewhere.

Staged compression


Since compression generates heat, the compressed gas is to be cooled between stages making the compression less adiabatic
Adiabatic process

In thermodynamics, an adiabatic process or an isocaloric process is a thermodynamic process in which no heat is transferred to or from the working fluid....
 and more isothermal.

For instance in a typical hydrogen compressor, the hydrogen is compressed in four stages.

Types of hydrogen compressors


Piston
Piston

A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, pumps and gas compressors. It is located in a Cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings....
-Metal Diaphragm compressor

Piston
Piston

A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, pumps and gas compressors. It is located in a Cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings....
-metal diaphragm compressor
Diaphragm compressor

A diaphragm compressor is a variant of the classic reciprocating compressor with backup and piston rings and rod seal. The compression of gas occurs by means of a flexible membrane, instead of an intake element....
s are stationary high pressure compressors, 4 staged water cooled, 11~15kW 30~50Nm3/h 40MPa for dispensation of hydrogen.

Thermal hydrogen compressor

In a thermal hydrogen compressor the use of the thermal and pressure properties of a hydride
Hydride

Hydride is the name given to the Electric charge ion of hydrogen, H-. Although this ion does not exist except in extraordinary conditions, the term hydride is widely applied to describe Chemical compound of hydrogen with other chemical element, particularly those of Periodic table group 1–16....
 to absorb low pressure hydrogen gas and release high pressure hydrogen gas.. absorption on ambient temperatures, on release the bed is heated with hot water.

Electrochemical hydrogen compressor

A multi-stage electrochemical hydrogen compressor incorporates a series of membrane-electrode-assemblies
Membrane electrode assembly

A membrane electrode assembly is an assembled stack of proton exchange membranes , catalyst and electrode used in a fuel cell. The PEM is sandwiched between two electrodes which have the catalyst embedded in them....
 (MEAs), similar to those used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells, also known as polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells , are a type of fuel cell being developed for transport applications as well as for stationary fuel cell applications and portable fuel cell applications....
s. , this type of compressor has no moving parts and is compact. With electrochemical compression of hydrogen a pressure of 5000 psi is achieved. Pressure is believed to go beyond 10,000 psi to the structural limits of the design.

See also

  • Compressed hydrogen
    Compressed hydrogen

    Compressed hydrogen is the gaseous state of the element hydrogen which is kept under pressure. Compressed hydrogen in hydrogen tanks at 350 Bar and 700 Bar is used for mobile hydrogen storage in hydrogen vehicles....
  • High pressure electrolysis
    High pressure electrolysis

    High pressure electrolysis is the electrolysis of water by decomposition of water into oxygen and hydrogen gas due to an electricity being passed through the water....
  • Hydrogen tank
    Hydrogen tank

    A Hydrogen tank is used for hydrogen storage, most tanks are made of composite material because of hydrogen embrittlement. Some tanks are used for fixed storage others are exchangeable for refueling at a hydrogen station....
  • Hydrogen station
    Hydrogen station

    A hydrogen station is a storage or filling station for hydrogen, usually located along a road or hydrogen highway, or at home as part of the distributed generation resources concept....
  • Hydrogen leak testing
    Hydrogen leak testing

    Hydrogen leak testing is the normal way in which a hydrogen pressure vessel or installation is checked for leaks or flaws. There are various tests....