Hydrangeaceae is a
familyIn biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus...
of
flowering plantThe flowering plants or angiosperms are the most diverse group of land plants. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of seed plants...
s in the order
CornalesCornales is an order of flowering plants, basal among the asterids, which are part of the core eudicots. There are about 600 species of cornales. Cornales are flowering plants whose flowers are in groups of four, in which the petals are not joined with each other...
, with a wide distribution in
AsiaAsia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.6% of the earth's total surface area and with approximately 4 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population.Asia is traditionally defined as part of the...
and
North AmericaNorth America is the northern continent of the Americas, situated in the Earth's northern hemisphere and in the western hemisphere. It is bordered on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the east by the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southeast by the Caribbean Sea, and on the west by the North Pacific...
, and locally in southeastern
EuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus Mountains , and the Black Sea to the southeast...
.
In its broad sense (as treated by the
Angiosperm Phylogeny GroupThe Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, or APG, refers to two international groups of systematic botanists who came together to try to establish a consensus view of the taxonomy of flowering plants that would reflect new knowledge in angiosperm relationships based upon molecular systematics studies...
), the family includes 17 genera, but some botanists divide the family into two, with seven genera split off into a separate family
Philadelphaceae.
The genera are characterised by
leavesIn botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat and thin. There is continued debate about whether the flatness of leaves evolved to expose the chloroplasts to more light or to increase the absorption of carbon dioxide. In...
in opposite pairs (rarely whorled or alternate), and regular, bisexual
flowerA flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to mediate the union of male sperm with female ovum in order to produce seeds...
s with 4 (rarely 5-12) petals.
Discussion
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Hydrangeaceae is a
familyIn biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus...
of
flowering plantThe flowering plants or angiosperms are the most diverse group of land plants. The flowering plants and the gymnosperms are the only extant groups of seed plants...
s in the order
CornalesCornales is an order of flowering plants, basal among the asterids, which are part of the core eudicots. There are about 600 species of cornales. Cornales are flowering plants whose flowers are in groups of four, in which the petals are not joined with each other...
, with a wide distribution in
AsiaAsia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.6% of the earth's total surface area and with approximately 4 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population.Asia is traditionally defined as part of the...
and
North AmericaNorth America is the northern continent of the Americas, situated in the Earth's northern hemisphere and in the western hemisphere. It is bordered on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the east by the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southeast by the Caribbean Sea, and on the west by the North Pacific...
, and locally in southeastern
EuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus Mountains , and the Black Sea to the southeast...
.
In its broad sense (as treated by the
Angiosperm Phylogeny GroupThe Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, or APG, refers to two international groups of systematic botanists who came together to try to establish a consensus view of the taxonomy of flowering plants that would reflect new knowledge in angiosperm relationships based upon molecular systematics studies...
), the family includes 17 genera, but some botanists divide the family into two, with seven genera split off into a separate family
Philadelphaceae.
The genera are characterised by
leavesIn botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat and thin. There is continued debate about whether the flatness of leaves evolved to expose the chloroplasts to more light or to increase the absorption of carbon dioxide. In...
in opposite pairs (rarely whorled or alternate), and regular, bisexual
flowerA flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to mediate the union of male sperm with female ovum in order to produce seeds...
s with 4 (rarely 5-12) petals. The
fruitThe term fruit has different meanings dependent on context, and the term is not synonymous in food preparation and biology. Fruits are the means by which flowering plants disseminate seeds, and the presence of seeds indicates that a structure is most likely a fruit, though not all seeds come from...
is a
capsuleIn botany a capsule is a type of simple, dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. A capsule is a dehiscent structure composed of two or more carpels, that, at maturity, split apart to release the seeds within...
or
berryThe botanical definition of a berry is a simple fruit produced from a single ovary, such as a grape or a tomato. The berry is the most common type of fleshy fruit in which the entire ovary wall ripens into an edible pericarp. The flowers of these plants have a superior ovary formed by the fusion of...
containing several
seedA seed , referred to as a kernel in some plants, is a small embryonic plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat, usually with some stored food. It is the product of the ripened ovule of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants which occurs after fertilization and some growth within the mother plant...
s, the seeds with a fleshy
endospermEndosperm is the tissue produced in the seeds of most flowering plants around the time of fertilization. It surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form of starch, though it can also contain oils and protein. This makes endosperm an important source of nutrition in human diet...
.
Genera
- Hydrangeaceae Dumort.
Barthélemy Charles Joseph, Baron Dumortier was a Belgian politician and botanist. Some consider him to be the true discoverer of cell division, although he is rarely credited as such-Works:...
sensu stricto
- Broussaisia
Kanawao is a species of perennial flowering plant in the Hydrangea family, Hydrangeaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii. It belongs to a monotypic genus....
- Cardiandra
- Decumaria
Woodvamp is a genus of two species of flowering plants in the family Hydrangeaceae, one native to the southeastern United States, and the other native to central China....
- Deinanthe
- Dichroa
Dichroa is a genus of 12 species of flowering plants in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to eastern and southeastern Asia. They are deciduous shrubs growing to 1-3 m tall, with their leaves arranged in opposite pairs. The flowers are produced in a broad inflorescence similar to that of the related...
- Hydrangea
Hydrangea is a genus of about 70-75 species of flowering plants native to southern and eastern Asia and North and South America. By far the greatest species diversity is in eastern Asia, notably China, Korea, and Japan...
- Kirengeshoma
Kirengeshoma is a genus containing one or two species of plants in the Hydrangea family. Both are native to Eastern Asia, with palmate leaves and yellow flowers, growing in shady environments. They are grown as a garden plant in other parts of the world....
- Pileostegia
- Platycrater
- Schizophragma
Schizophragma is a genus of four species of lianas in the Hydrangeaceae, native to Asia from the Himalaya east to Taiwan and Japan. One species, S. hydrangeoides, is known as Climbing Hydrangea Vine....
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Philadelphaceae D.Don David Don was a Scottish botanist,David Don was born on December 21, 1799, at Doo Hillock, Forfarshire, Scotland...
- Carpenteria
Carpenteria californica , the sole species in the genus Carpenteria, is an evergreen shrub native to California. It is closey related to the genus Philadelphus...
- Deutzia
Deutzia is a genus of about 60 species of shrubs in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to eastern and central Asia , and Central America and also Europe. By far the highest species diversity is in China, where 50 species occur.The species are shrubs ranging from 1-4 m in height...
- Fendlera
Fendlera is a genus of shrubs in the Hydrangeaceae. They are most commonly known as Fendlerbush. The name Fendlerbush is also used for the closely related genus Fendlerella....
- Fendlerella
Fendlerella is a monotypic genus of shrubs in the Hydrangeaceae containing the single species Fendlerella utahensis. This plant is known as Utah Fendlerella, yerba desierto, or sometimes as Utah Fendlerbush .-External links:**...
- Jamesia
Jamesia is a genus of shrubs in the Hydrangeaceae, most commonly known as Jamesia, Cliffbush or Waxflower. It is native to interior western North America, in the U.S. states of Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, growing in mountains at 1600–3000 m altitude.There...
- Philadelphus
- Whipplea
Whipplea is a monotypic genus containing the single species Whipplea modesta, which is known by several common names including common whipplea, yerba de selva, and modesty...
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In addition, the genus
Pottingeria is sometimes included in the Hydrangeaceae, while others treat it in either the
BalanophoraceaeBalanophoraceae is a subtropical to tropical family of unusual parasitic flowering plants. The plants have an aboveground inflorescence with the overall appearance of a fungus, composed of numerous minute flowers. The inflorescences develop inside the underground part of the plant, before...
, or in its own family Pottingeriaceae.