Hunchun
Encyclopedia
Hunchun is a county-level city
in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture
, far eastern Jilin
province, Northeast China
. It borders North Korea
(North Hamgyong province) and Russia
(Primorsky Krai
), has over 250,000 inhabitants, and streching on a 5,145 square-kilometer. It was capital of the Korean Balhae
Kingdom between 785-793 as "Dongyang".
, four towns
, and five townships.
Subdistricts:
Towns:
Townships:
Hunchun Border Economic Cooperation Zone was approved to be national-level border economic cooperation zone in 1992, with a planning area of 24 sqkm. In 2002 and 2001, Hunchun Export Processing Zone and Huichun Sino-Russia Trade Zone was set up in it. Being located in the junction of China, Russia and Korea, it enjoys strategic location. The infrastructures are available. It focuses on the development of sea food processing, electronic product manufacture, bio-pharmacy, textile industry and other industry.
Hunchun Export Processing Zone is located in 5 sqkm area in Hunchun Border Economic Cooperation Zone. Its planned area is 2.44 sqkm. It enjoys the good infrastructure and policies its parent zone does.
province government constructed a railway and improved the highway to Hunchun. A bridge connects between Hunchun and the North Korean town of Wonjeong (Korean
: 원정). The bridge was built during the Japanese occupation in 1938. In 2010 the bridge was renovated as part of an agreement between North Korea and China to modernize the Rason port in North Korea. In addition, a new railway line was constructed which links Hunchun and Makhalino (a station on the Ussuriysk
-Khasan
line, 41 km before Khasan) in Russia and began operating in February 2000.
Hunchun port is 42 km from Posyet
and 63 km from Zarubino
port towns of Russia.
There is a 250-km/h high-speed rail to Jilin and Changchun under construction as of October 30, 2010.
County-level city
A county-level city is a county-level administrative division of mainland China. County-level cities are usually governed by prefecture-level divisions, but a few are governed directly by province-level divisions....
in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture
Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture
Yanbian is a Korean Autonomous Prefecture in Jilin Province, in Northeastern China, above the border with North Korea. Yanbian is bordered to the north by Heilongjiang, on the west by Baishan City and Jilin City, on the south by North Hamgyong Province of North Korea, and on the east by Primorsky...
, far eastern Jilin
Jilin
Jilin , is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. Jilin borders North Korea and Russia to the east, Heilongjiang to the north, Liaoning to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the west...
province, Northeast China
Northeast China
Northeast China, historically known in English as Manchuria, is a geographical region of China, consisting of the three provinces of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang. The region is sometimes called the Three Northeast Provinces...
. It borders North Korea
North Korea
The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea , , is a country in East Asia, occupying the northern half of the Korean Peninsula. Its capital and largest city is Pyongyang. The Korean Demilitarized Zone serves as the buffer zone between North Korea and South Korea...
(North Hamgyong province) and Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
(Primorsky Krai
Primorsky Krai
Primorsky Krai , informally known as Primorye , is a federal subject of Russia . Primorsky means "maritime" in Russian, hence the region is sometimes referred to as Maritime Province or Maritime Territory. Its administrative center is in the city of Vladivostok...
), has over 250,000 inhabitants, and streching on a 5,145 square-kilometer. It was capital of the Korean Balhae
Balhae
Balhae was a Manchurian kingdom established after the fall of Goguryeo. After Goguryeo's capital and southern territories fell to Unified Silla, Dae Jo-yeong, a Mohe general, whose father was Dae Jung-sang, established Jin , later called Balhae.Balhae occupied southern parts of Manchuria and...
Kingdom between 785-793 as "Dongyang".
Administrative Divisions
Hunchun has four subdistrictsSubdistrict (China)
The subdistrict , is one of the smallest political divisions of China. It is a form of township-level division which is typically part of a larger urban area, as opposed to a discrete town surrounded by rural areas, or a rural townships known as a xiang .In general, urban areas are divided into...
, four towns
Town (China)
When referring to political divisions of China, town is the standard English translation of the Chinese 鎮 . It is a fourth-level administrative unit, i.e...
, and five townships.
Subdistricts:
- Xin'an Subdistrict (新安街道 / 신안가도), Jinghe Subdistrict (靖和街道 / 정화가도), Henan Subdistrict (河南街道 / 하남가도), Jinhai Subdistrict (近海街道 / 근해가도)
Towns:
- Chunhua (春化镇 / 춘화진), Jingxin (敬信镇 / 경신진), Banshi (板石镇 / 판석진), Ying'an (英安镇 / 영안진)
Townships:
- Hadamen Township (哈达门乡 / 합달문향), Machuanzi Township (马川子乡 / 마천자향), Mihong Township (密江乡 / 밀강향), Sanjiazi Manchu Ethnic Township (三家子满族乡 / 삼가자 만주족 향), Yangbaozi Manchu Ethnic Township (杨泡子满族乡 / 양포자 만주족 향)
Economy
Since the early 90s, the Chinese government invested a lot in transforming Hunchun into a regional economic center. On 9 March 1992 the Chinese parliament approved to set up Hunchun Border Economic Cooperation Zone. The national government and Jilin provincial government have invested in succession over four billion yuan in Hunchun through the 1990s.- Hunchun Border Economic Cooperation Zone
Hunchun Border Economic Cooperation Zone was approved to be national-level border economic cooperation zone in 1992, with a planning area of 24 sqkm. In 2002 and 2001, Hunchun Export Processing Zone and Huichun Sino-Russia Trade Zone was set up in it. Being located in the junction of China, Russia and Korea, it enjoys strategic location. The infrastructures are available. It focuses on the development of sea food processing, electronic product manufacture, bio-pharmacy, textile industry and other industry.
- Hunchun Export Processing Zone
Hunchun Export Processing Zone is located in 5 sqkm area in Hunchun Border Economic Cooperation Zone. Its planned area is 2.44 sqkm. It enjoys the good infrastructure and policies its parent zone does.
Transport
In the early 1990s, JilinJilin
Jilin , is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. Jilin borders North Korea and Russia to the east, Heilongjiang to the north, Liaoning to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the west...
province government constructed a railway and improved the highway to Hunchun. A bridge connects between Hunchun and the North Korean town of Wonjeong (Korean
Korean language
Korean is the official language of the country Korea, in both South and North. It is also one of the two official languages in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in People's Republic of China. There are about 78 million Korean speakers worldwide. In the 15th century, a national writing...
: 원정). The bridge was built during the Japanese occupation in 1938. In 2010 the bridge was renovated as part of an agreement between North Korea and China to modernize the Rason port in North Korea. In addition, a new railway line was constructed which links Hunchun and Makhalino (a station on the Ussuriysk
Ussuriysk
Ussuriysk is a city in Primorsky Krai, Russia, located in the fertile valley of the Razdolnaya River, north of Vladivostok and about from both the Chinese border and the Pacific Ocean. Population: -Medieval history:...
-Khasan
Khasan
Khasan is an urban locality in Khasansky District of Primorsky Krai, Russia. Population: Khasan is the only Russian settlement on the border with North Korea. It lies near Lake Khasan and the Tumen River...
line, 41 km before Khasan) in Russia and began operating in February 2000.
Hunchun port is 42 km from Posyet
Posyet
Posyet is an urban locality in Khasansky District of Primorsky Krai, Russia, and an ice-free port on the Possiet Bay. Population:...
and 63 km from Zarubino
Zarubino, Primorsky Krai
Zarubino is an urban locality in Khasansky District of Primorsky Krai, Russia, and a port on the Posyet Bay. Population: It was established on October 18, 1928...
port towns of Russia.
There is a 250-km/h high-speed rail to Jilin and Changchun under construction as of October 30, 2010.