Huainan
Encyclopedia
Huainan is a prefecture-level city
with 2,334,000 inhabitants in central Anhui
Province
, People’s Republic of China
. It borders the provincial capital of Hefei
to the south, Lu’an
to the southwest, Fuyang
to the west, Bozhou
to the northwest, Bengbu
to the northeast and Chuzhou
to the east.
Its built up area is home to 1,899,740 inhabitants in 2010 spread out on 4 districts (Tianjia'an, Datong
, Xiejiaji, Bagongshan and 1 county Fengtai) nowadays in agglomeration.
The name traditionally refers to the entire area south of the Huai River
and north of the Yangtze River
, which includes the present day central Anhui. The historic political centers of the Huainan area were situated in Yangzhou
and Shouchun (present day Shou County
).
of Huainan administers six county-level divisions, including five districts and one county.
These are further divided into 66 township-level divisions, including 24 towns, 23 townships and 19 subdistrict
s.
The name Huainan first came into existence in 203 BC
, when Liu Bang bestowed upon Ying Bu, one of his most trusted generals, the title of the King of Huainan
. The capital of the Kingdom of Huainan was situated in the present day Lu'an
. Later, after Ying Bu was executed, the title was transferred and the capital moved to Shouchun (present day Shou County
).
In 164 BC
, the kingdom was divided into three parts, one of which retained the name Huainan and continued to be administered from Shouchun. This was governed by Liu An
, a notable scholar who authored the great Daoist classic, the Huainanzi
. When Liu An committed suicide in 122 BC
, the kingdom was abolished and the area renamed Jiujiang Commandery, which was its old name before 203 BC.
Towards the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yuan Shu
declared himself emperor
of the so-called Cheng Dynasty and renamed the commandery Huainan Commandery. This entity remained generally intact till the Northern Song Dynasty, when it divided into the eastern and the western halves in 1071. This division was converted to a north-south one, with the line drawn along the Huai River
, following a peace pact between the ruling bodies of the Southern Song Dynasty and Jin Empire.
The divided state persisted till the area was claimed by the Communist Party of China
on January 18, 1949. The party renamed the area Huainan Coalmine Special District for its rich coal resources.
The area was controlled by Communist forces during the war with Japan. They set up Huainan District Station of Communications in 1942, issuing local postage stamps from then until sometime in 1944.
, with an output of 43.28 million tons in 2006.
The city hosted the 17th China Tofu Cultural Festival on September 15-17, 2010, including the National Bean Products Exhibition.
The key high school
Huainan No.1 high school(For liberal arts)
Huainan No.2 high school(For science)
Huainan No.4 high school(For Art and Sports)
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
with 2,334,000 inhabitants in central Anhui
Anhui
Anhui is a province in the People's Republic of China. Located in eastern China across the basins of the Yangtze River and the Huai River, it borders Jiangsu to the east, Zhejiang to the southeast, Jiangxi to the south, Hubei to the southwest, Henan to the northwest, and Shandong for a tiny...
Province
Province (China)
A province, in the context of Chinese government, is a translation of sheng formally provincial level divisions, which is an administrative division. Provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions, and the special administrative regions, make up the four types of province of administrative division...
, People’s Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
. It borders the provincial capital of Hefei
Hefei
Hefei is the capital and largest city of Anhui Province in Eastern China. A prefecture-level city, it is the political, economic, and cultural centre of Anhui...
to the south, Lu’an
Lu'an
Lu'an , is a prefecture-level city in western Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, with a population of 5,612,590 inhabitants at 2010 census. Its built up area is home to 1,482,729 inhabitants spread out on 2 urban districts...
to the southwest, Fuyang
Fuyang
Fuyang may refer to:*Fuyang, Anhui , prefecture-level city in Anhui, China** the Fuyang meteorite of 1977, which fell in Anhui, China *Fuyang, Zhejiang , county-level city in Zhejiang, China...
to the west, Bozhou
Bozhou
Bozhou is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Anhui province, People's Republic of China. It borders Huaibei to the northeast, Bengbu to the southeast, Huainan to the south, Fuyang to the southwest, and the province of Henan to the north.-Administration:...
to the northwest, Bengbu
Bengbu
Bengbu , formerly known as P'engpu and Peng-pu, is a prefecture-level city with a population of 3,164,467 at the last census in northern Anhui Province, People's Republic of China...
to the northeast and Chuzhou
Chuzhou
Chuzhou is a prefecture-level city in eastern Anhui Province, People's Republic of China. It borders the provincial capital of Hefei to the southwest, Huainan to the west, Bengbu to the northwest, Chaohu to the south, and the province of Jiangsu to the east...
to the east.
Its built up area is home to 1,899,740 inhabitants in 2010 spread out on 4 districts (Tianjia'an, Datong
Datong
Datong is a prefecture-level city in northern Shanxi Province of North China, located a few hundred kilometres west by rail from Beijing with an elevation of...
, Xiejiaji, Bagongshan and 1 county Fengtai) nowadays in agglomeration.
The name traditionally refers to the entire area south of the Huai River
Huai River
The Huai River is a major river in China. The Huai River is located about mid-way between the Yellow River and Yangtze River, the two largest rivers in China, and like them runs from west to east...
and north of the Yangtze River
Yangtze River
The Yangtze, Yangzi or Cháng Jiāng is the longest river in Asia, and the third-longest in the world. It flows for from the glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest, central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai. It is also one of the...
, which includes the present day central Anhui. The historic political centers of the Huainan area were situated in Yangzhou
Yangzhou
Yangzhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. Sitting on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, it borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the southwest, Huai'an to the north, Yancheng to the northeast, Taizhou to the east, and Zhenjiang across...
and Shouchun (present day Shou County
Shou County
Shou County is a county in Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, under the jurisdiction of Lu'an City. It has population is 1,280,000 and its area is 2986 square kilometers...
).
Administration
The prefecture-level cityPrefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
of Huainan administers six county-level divisions, including five districts and one county.
- Tianjia'an DistrictTianjia'an DistrictTianjia'an District is a district of Anhui Province, China. It is under the administration of Huainan city....
(田家庵区) - Panji DistrictPanji DistrictPanji District is a district of Anhui Province, China. It is under the administration of Huainan city....
(潘集区) - Xiejiaji DistrictXiejiaji DistrictXiejiaji District is a district of Anhui Province, China. It is under the administration of Huainan city....
(谢家集区) - Datong DistrictDatong District, HuainanDatong District, Huainan is a district of Anhui Province, China. It is under the administration of Huainan city....
(大通区) - Bagongshan DistrictBagongshan DistrictBagongshan District is a district of Anhui Province, China. It is under the administration of Huainan city....
(八公山区) - Fengtai CountyFengtai CountyFengtai County is a county of Anhui Province , China. It is under the administration of Huainan city ....
(凤台县)
These are further divided into 66 township-level divisions, including 24 towns, 23 townships and 19 subdistrict
Subdistrict
Subdistrict is a low level administrative division of a country. In Thailand it may refer to the King Amphoe or to the Tambon. In England and Wales it was part of a Registration district....
s.
History
203 BC
Year 203 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caepio and Geminus...
, when Liu Bang bestowed upon Ying Bu, one of his most trusted generals, the title of the King of Huainan
King of Huainan
King of Huainan was a noble title during the Han Dynasty in China. It was created by Liu Bang, King of Han, later Emperor Gao of Han in 202 BC for Ying Bu , former King of Jiujiang. Ying Bu rebelled against Emperor Gao of Han in 196 BC and was killed in action...
. The capital of the Kingdom of Huainan was situated in the present day Lu'an
Lu'an
Lu'an , is a prefecture-level city in western Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, with a population of 5,612,590 inhabitants at 2010 census. Its built up area is home to 1,482,729 inhabitants spread out on 2 urban districts...
. Later, after Ying Bu was executed, the title was transferred and the capital moved to Shouchun (present day Shou County
Shou County
Shou County is a county in Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, under the jurisdiction of Lu'an City. It has population is 1,280,000 and its area is 2986 square kilometers...
).
In 164 BC
164 BC
Year 164 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Torquatus and Longinus...
, the kingdom was divided into three parts, one of which retained the name Huainan and continued to be administered from Shouchun. This was governed by Liu An
Liu An
Líu Ān was a Chinese prince and advisor to his nephew, Emperor Wu of Han of the Han Dynasty in China and the legendary inventor of t'ai chi...
, a notable scholar who authored the great Daoist classic, the Huainanzi
Huainanzi
The Huáinánzǐ is a 2nd century BCE Chinese philosophical classic from the Han dynasty that blends Daoist, Confucianist, and Legalist concepts, including theories such as Yin-Yang and the Five Phases. It was written under the patronage of Liu An, Prince of Huainan, a legendarily prodigious author...
. When Liu An committed suicide in 122 BC
122 BC
Year 122 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Ahenobarbus and Fannius...
, the kingdom was abolished and the area renamed Jiujiang Commandery, which was its old name before 203 BC.
Towards the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yuan Shu
Yuan Shu
Yuan Shu was a warlord during the late Han Dynasty era of Chinese history. He rose to prominence following the collapse of the imperial court in 189. He was said to be a younger cousin of the warlord Yuan Shao, but was actually Yuan Shao's younger half-brother...
declared himself emperor
Emperor of China
The Emperor of China refers to any sovereign of Imperial China reigning between the founding of Qin Dynasty of China, united by the King of Qin in 221 BCE, and the fall of Yuan Shikai's Empire of China in 1916. When referred to as the Son of Heaven , a title that predates the Qin unification, the...
of the so-called Cheng Dynasty and renamed the commandery Huainan Commandery. This entity remained generally intact till the Northern Song Dynasty, when it divided into the eastern and the western halves in 1071. This division was converted to a north-south one, with the line drawn along the Huai River
Huai River
The Huai River is a major river in China. The Huai River is located about mid-way between the Yellow River and Yangtze River, the two largest rivers in China, and like them runs from west to east...
, following a peace pact between the ruling bodies of the Southern Song Dynasty and Jin Empire.
The divided state persisted till the area was claimed by the Communist Party of China
Communist Party of China
The Communist Party of China , also known as the Chinese Communist Party , is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China...
on January 18, 1949. The party renamed the area Huainan Coalmine Special District for its rich coal resources.
The area was controlled by Communist forces during the war with Japan. They set up Huainan District Station of Communications in 1942, issuing local postage stamps from then until sometime in 1944.
Economy
Huainan is a major production center for coalCoal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure...
, with an output of 43.28 million tons in 2006.
The city hosted the 17th China Tofu Cultural Festival on September 15-17, 2010, including the National Bean Products Exhibition.
Education
- Anhui University of Science and TechnologyAnhui University of Science and TechnologyAnhui University of Science and Technology one of the five key universities in Anhui Province, China. It is situated in Huainan City, Anhui Province, which is also known as a green city and as a base of science and education in China....
(安徽理工大学) - Huainan Normal University (淮南师范学院)
- Huainan United University (淮南联合大学)
The key high school
Huainan No.1 high school(For liberal arts)
Huainan No.2 high school(For science)
Huainan No.4 high school(For Art and Sports)