Hrvoje's Missal
Encyclopedia
The Hrvoje's Missal is a 15th century Croatian
Glagolitic missal
, often considered the most beautiful and the most interesting Croatian Glagolitic book.
This liturgical book was written in Split
by the resident calligrapher and glagolitic scribe Butko in 1404 for Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić (Kotor
around 1350–1416) who was a Ban
of Croatia
, Grand Duke of Bosnia
and a Herzog of Split
. Hrvoje Vukčić was the most prominent member of the House of Hrvatinić
and the strongest of the three main large feudalists of early feudal medieval Bosnia.
Hrvoje's Missal was written in Croatian Cyrillic with a Glagolitic
introduction. This document is both dedicated to Hrvoje Vukčić, and are of great significance to Croatian and Bosnian history. Hrvoje's Missal was plundered by the Turks
and taken to the Library of Turkish sultans - Topkapi Sarayi library in Constantinople
today's Istanbul
, where it still remains. Once bound in precious covers, from 19th century Hrvoje's Missal is in leather
binding. Hrvoje's Missal is considered as one of the most beautiful Croatian Glagolitic books. It contains 247 folios, which includes 96 miniatures
and 380 initial
s and many more small iitials. Some details are made of golden leaves. It is written in two columns on 488 pp (22.5x31 cm), and contains also some music notation. Some initials contain architectural elements of the Dalmatia
n city of Split. The particular value of the Hrvoje's Missal lies in its combination of eastern and western
principles in terms of composition and contents, thus making it a truly deluxe work and securing it a place in the regional and transregional history of art.
Croatian language
Croatian is the collective name for the standard language and dialects spoken by Croats, principally in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Serbian province of Vojvodina and other neighbouring countries...
Glagolitic missal
Missal
A missal is a liturgical book containing all instructions and texts necessary for the celebration of Mass throughout the year.-History:Before the compilation of such books, several books were used when celebrating Mass...
, often considered the most beautiful and the most interesting Croatian Glagolitic book.
This liturgical book was written in Split
Split (city)
Split is a Mediterranean city on the eastern shores of the Adriatic Sea, centered around the ancient Roman Palace of the Emperor Diocletian and its wide port bay. With a population of 178,192 citizens, and a metropolitan area numbering up to 467,899, Split is by far the largest Dalmatian city and...
by the resident calligrapher and glagolitic scribe Butko in 1404 for Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić (Kotor
Kotor Varoš
Kotor Varoš is a town and municipality in northwestern Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-History:The city was first mentioned in the 10th century, when it was called Kotor. Varoš, added later, means "town" in Hungarian...
around 1350–1416) who was a Ban
Ban (title)
Ban was a title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century.-Etymology:The word ban has entered the English language probably as a borrowing from South Slavic ban, meaning "lord, master; ruler". The Slavic word is probably borrowed from...
of Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
, Grand Duke of Bosnia
Bosnia (region)
Bosnia is a eponomous region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies mainly in the Dinaric Alps, ranging to the southern borders of the Pannonian plain, with the rivers Sava and Drina marking its northern and eastern borders. The other eponomous region, the southern, other half of the country is...
and a Herzog of Split
Split (city)
Split is a Mediterranean city on the eastern shores of the Adriatic Sea, centered around the ancient Roman Palace of the Emperor Diocletian and its wide port bay. With a population of 178,192 citizens, and a metropolitan area numbering up to 467,899, Split is by far the largest Dalmatian city and...
. Hrvoje Vukčić was the most prominent member of the House of Hrvatinić
House of Hrvatinic
Hrvatinić dynasty was a medieval Bosnian/Croatian noble house which ruled over various parts of Bosnia, Croatia and Dalmatia between the 13th century and the 15th century....
and the strongest of the three main large feudalists of early feudal medieval Bosnia.
Hrvoje's Missal was written in Croatian Cyrillic with a Glagolitic
Glagolitic alphabet
The Glagolitic alphabet , also known as Glagolitsa, is the oldest known Slavic alphabet. The name was not coined until many centuries after its creation, and comes from the Old Slavic glagolъ "utterance" . The verb glagoliti means "to speak"...
introduction. This document is both dedicated to Hrvoje Vukčić, and are of great significance to Croatian and Bosnian history. Hrvoje's Missal was plundered by the Turks
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
and taken to the Library of Turkish sultans - Topkapi Sarayi library in Constantinople
Constantinople
Constantinople was the capital of the Roman, Eastern Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman Empires. Throughout most of the Middle Ages, Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city.-Names:...
today's Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
, where it still remains. Once bound in precious covers, from 19th century Hrvoje's Missal is in leather
Leather
Leather is a durable and flexible material created via the tanning of putrescible animal rawhide and skin, primarily cattlehide. It can be produced through different manufacturing processes, ranging from cottage industry to heavy industry.-Forms:...
binding. Hrvoje's Missal is considered as one of the most beautiful Croatian Glagolitic books. It contains 247 folios, which includes 96 miniatures
Miniature (illuminated manuscript)
The word miniature, derived from the Latin minium, red lead, is a picture in an ancient or medieval illuminated manuscript; the simple decoration of the early codices having been miniated or delineated with that pigment...
and 380 initial
Initial
In a written or published work, an initial is a letter at the beginning of a work, a chapter, or a paragraph that is larger than the rest of the text. The word is derived from the Latin initialis, which means standing at the beginning...
s and many more small iitials. Some details are made of golden leaves. It is written in two columns on 488 pp (22.5x31 cm), and contains also some music notation. Some initials contain architectural elements of the Dalmatia
Dalmatia
Dalmatia is a historical region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. It stretches from the island of Rab in the northwest to the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. The hinterland, the Dalmatian Zagora, ranges from fifty kilometers in width in the north to just a few kilometers in the south....
n city of Split. The particular value of the Hrvoje's Missal lies in its combination of eastern and western
Western world
The Western world, also known as the West and the Occident , is a term referring to the countries of Western Europe , the countries of the Americas, as well all countries of Northern and Central Europe, Australia and New Zealand...
principles in terms of composition and contents, thus making it a truly deluxe work and securing it a place in the regional and transregional history of art.
See also
- Glagolitic alphabetGlagolitic alphabetThe Glagolitic alphabet , also known as Glagolitsa, is the oldest known Slavic alphabet. The name was not coined until many centuries after its creation, and comes from the Old Slavic glagolъ "utterance" . The verb glagoliti means "to speak"...
- Hval ManuscriptHval ManuscriptThe Hval Manuscript or "Hval's Miscellany" is a 353 page 15th century Bosnian Church codex.It was written in 1404 by Hval Krstyanin in Bosnian/Croatian Cyrillic Script in ikavian dialect with a Glagolitic introduction that reads, "in honour of praised sir Hrvoje, duke of Split and the knight of...
- History of Bosnia and Herzegovina (958–1463)