Hou Hsiao-Hsien
Encyclopedia
Hou Hsiao-Hsien (born April 8, 1947) is an award-winning film director and a leading figure of Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...

's New Wave cinema movement.

Biography

A Hakka
Hakka people
The Hakka , sometimes Hakka Han, are Han Chinese who speak the Hakka language and have links to the provincial areas of Guangdong, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan and Fujian in China....

, Hou Hsiao-Hsien was born in Mei County, Guangdong province in 1947. He and his family fled the Chinese Civil War
Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang , the governing party of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China , for the control of China which eventually led to China's division into two Chinas, Republic of China and People's Republic of...

 to Taiwan the following year. Hou was educated at the National Taiwan Academy of the Arts.

Hou generally makes rigorously minimalist
Minimalism
Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design, especially visual art and music, where the work is set out to expose the essence, essentials or identity of a subject through eliminating all non-essential forms, features or concepts...

 dramas dealing with the upheavals of the Taiwanese (and occasionally larger Chinese) history of the past century by viewing its impacts on individuals or small groups of characters. A City of Sadness
A City of Sadness
A City of Sadness is a 1989 Taiwanese historical drama film directed by Hou Hsiao-hsien. It tells the story of a family embroiled in the tragic "White Terror" that was wrought on the Taiwanese people by the Kuomintang government after their arrival from mainland China in the late 1940s, during...

(1989), for example, portrays a family caught in conflicts between the local Taiwanese and the newly arrived Chinese Nationalist
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...

 government after World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

. It was groundbreaking for broaching this long-taboo subject and became a major success despite its seemingly uncommercial nature.

His storytelling is elliptical and his style marked by extreme long takes
Long take
A long take is an uninterrupted shot in a film which lasts much longer than the conventional editing pace either of the film itself or of films in general, usually lasting several minutes. It can be used for dramatic and narrative effect if done properly, and in moving shots is often accomplished...

 with minimal camera movement but intricate choreography of actors and space within the frame. He uses extensive improvisation to arrive at the final shape of his scenes and the low-key, naturalistic acting of his performers. His compositions are decentered, and links between shots do not adhere to an obvious temporal or causal narrative logic. Without abandoning his famous austerity, his imagery has developed a sensual beauty during the 1990s, partly under the influence of his collaboration with cinematographer Mark Lee Ping-Bin. Hou's consistent screenwriting collaborator since the mid-1980s has been the renowned author Chu Tien-Wen
Chu Tien-wen
Chu Tien-wen is one of Taiwan's most prominent writers. She is the daughter of Chu Hsi-ning and the older sister of Chu Tien-hsin. Some of her literary works include "Fin-de-Siècle Splendour" and Notes of a Desolate Man 荒人手記 . She wrote many of the scripts for the famous Taiwanese director Hou...

, a collaboration that began with the screenplay for Chen Kunhou
Chen Kunhou
Chen Kunhou is a Taiwanese film director and cinematographer. He is known for his film, Growing Up , one of the films that initiated the Taiwan New Cinema movement. Chen was also the cinematographer for several of fellow director Hou Hsiao-Hsien's earlier films.-External links:...

's 1983 film, Growing Up
Growing Up (1983 film)
Growing Up is a 1983 film by Taiwanese filmmaker Chen Kunhou.The screenplay was the first collaboration between Hou Hsiao-hsien and Chu T'ien-wen.The film made the young star, Doze Niu, "a pop icon and tagged him with a rebellious image."...

. He has also cast revered puppeteer Li Tian-lu
Li Tian-lu
Li Tian-lu is a principal character in the trilogy of historical films of Taiwanese film directed by Hou Hsiao-Hsien.-The Trilogy:The Puppetmaster tells the true story of Li's life as a master puppeteer faced with demands to turn his skills to propaganda during the Japanese occupation of Taiwan in...

 as an actor in several of his movies, most notably The Puppetmaster
The Puppetmaster (film)
The Puppetmaster is a 1993 Taiwanese film directed by Hou Hsiao-Hsien. Based on the memoirs of Li Tian-lu, Taiwan’s most celebrated puppeteer, this story covers the years from Li’s birth in 1909 to the end of Japan’s fifty-year occupation of Taiwan in 1945.-Plot:It tells the story of Li Tian-lu...

(1993), which is based on Li's life.

Hou's films have been awarded prizes from prestigious international festivals such as the Venice Film Festival
Venice Film Festival
The Venice International Film Festival is the oldest international film festival in the world. Founded by Count Giuseppe Volpi in 1932 as the "Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte Cinematografica", the festival has since taken place every year in late August or early September on the island of the...

, Berlin Film Festival, Hawaii International Film Festival
Hawaii International Film Festival
The Hawaii International Film Festival is a film festival held in the U.S. state of Hawaii. It was started in 1981 by Jeannette Paulson Hereniko and has been held annually in the fall for two weeks...

 and the Nantes Three Continents Festival. Six of his films to date have been nominated for the Palme d'Or
Palme d'Or
The Palme d'Or is the highest prize awarded at the Cannes Film Festival and is presented to the director of the best feature film of the official competition. It was introduced in 1955 by the organising committee. From 1939 to 1954, the highest prize was the Grand Prix du Festival International du...

(best film award) at the Cannes Film Festival
Cannes Film Festival
The Cannes International Film Festival , is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films of all genres including documentaries from around the world. Founded in 1946, it is among the world's most prestigious and publicized film festivals...

, though the prize has so far eluded him. Hou was voted "Director of the Decade" for the 1990s in a poll of American and international critics put together by The Village Voice
The Village Voice
The Village Voice is a free weekly newspaper and news and features website in New York City that features investigative articles, analysis of current affairs and culture, arts and music coverage, and events listings for New York City...

and Film Comment. Despite such acclaim, his work remains rarely distributed in the West outside of the film festival
Film festival
A film festival is an organised, extended presentation of films in one or more movie theaters or screening venues, usually in a single locality. More and more often film festivals show part of their films to the public by adding outdoor movie screenings...

 circuit.

He directed the Japanese film Café Lumière
Café Lumière
is a 2003 Japanese film directed by Taiwanese director Hou Hsiao-Hsien for Shochiku as homage to Yasujiro Ozu, with direct reference to the late master's Tokyo Story . It premiered at a festival commemorating the centenary of Ozu's birth...

(2003) for the Shochiku
Shochiku
is a Japanese movie studio and production company for kabuki. It also produces and distributes anime films. Its best remembered directors include Yasujirō Ozu, Kenji Mizoguchi, Mikio Naruse, Keisuke Kinoshita and Yōji Yamada...

 studio as an homage to Yasujirō Ozu
Yasujiro Ozu
was a prominent Japanese film director and script writer. He is known for his distinctive technical style, developed during the silent era. Marriage and family, especially the relationships between the generations, are among the most persistent themes in his body of work...

; the film premiered at a festival commemorating the centenary of Ozu's birth. The film deals with themes reminiscent of Ozu - tensions between parents and children and between tradition and modernity - in Hou's typically indirect manner. In 2005 his film Three Times
Three Times
Three Times is a 2005 Taiwanese film directed by Hou Hsiao-Hsien. It features three chronologically separate stories of love between May and Chen, set in 1911, 1966 and 2005, using the same lead actors, Shu Qi and Chang Chen.The film was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the 2005 Cannes Film...

- which features three stories of love set in 1911, 1966 and 2005 using the same actors - was the latest to be nominated for a Palme d'Or; it received glowing reviews instead.

In August 2006, Hou embarked on his first Western project. Filmed and financed entirely in France, Flight of the Red Balloon (2007) is the story of a French family as seen through the eyes of a Chinese student. The film is the first part in a series of films sponsored by the Musee d'Orsay
Musée d'Orsay
The Musée d'Orsay is a museum in Paris, France, on the left bank of the Seine. It is housed in the former Gare d'Orsay, an impressive Beaux-Arts railway station built between 1898 and 1900. The museum holds mainly French art dating from 1848 to 1915, including paintings, sculptures, furniture,...

 and stars Juliette Binoche
Juliette Binoche
Juliette Binoche is a French actress, artist and dancer. She has appeared in more than 40 feature films, been recipient of numerous international accolades, is a published author and has appeared on stage across the world. Coming from an artistic background, she began taking acting lessons during...

. In 2010, Hou directed the 3D short film for Taipei
Taipei
Taipei City is the capital of the Republic of China and the central city of the largest metropolitan area of Taiwan. Situated at the northern tip of the island, Taipei is located on the Tamsui River, and is about 25 km southwest of Keelung, its port on the Pacific Ocean...

 Pavilion in Expo 2010 Shanghai China.

Hou has also had some acting experience, appearing as the lead in fellow Taiwanese New Wave auteur Edward Yang
Edward Yang
Edward Yang , along with Hou Hsiao-Hsien and Tsai Ming Liang, was one of the leading filmmakers of the Taiwanese New Wave and Taiwanese Cinema. He won the Best Director Award at Cannes for his 2000 film Yi Yi .-Biography:...

's 1984 film, Taipei Story
Taipei Story
Taipei Story is a 1985 film by Taiwanese filmmaker Edward Yang.The film stars Yang's fellow filmmaker Hou Hsiao-hsien, and singer Tsai Chin, who Yang subsequently married.It is one of the earliest films of the New Taiwan Cinema.-Synopsis:...

. Hou starred as Lung, a former Little-League baseball star who is stuck operating an old-style fabric business, longing for his past days of glory. Lung becomes alienated from his girlfriend and tries to find his way in the city of Taipei.

Hou is also a singer, having contributed two songs to the 1992 soundtrack of Dust of Angels
Dust of Angels (soundtrack)
Dust of Angels is the soundtrack to the Taiwanese motion picture of the same name directed by Hsu Hsiao-ming . It features ten Taiwanese-language and instrumental rock and ambient music songs by performers considered to be alternative or avant-garde in the Taiwanese music scene at the time...

, an movie
Dust of Angels (film)
Dust of Angels is a 1992 Taiwanese crime film directed by Hsu Hsiao-ming, executive produced by Taiwanese filmmaker Hou Hsiao-hsien. It was entered into Directors' Fortnight at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival.-Cast:* Jack Kao as Hsiao Kao...

 he also produced.

As director

Year English Title Original Title Notes
1980 Cute Girls 就是溜溜的她 First full length feature film
1981 Cheerful Wind 風兒踢踏踩
1982 The Green, Green Grass of Home 在那河畔青草青
1983 The Sandwich Man
The Sandwich Man (1983 film)
The Sandwich Man is a 1983 Taiwanese film jointly directed by Hou Hsiao-hsien, Wan Ren, and Tseng chuang-hsiang. The script by Wu Nianzhen is based on a story by Huang Chunming entitled "His Son's Big Doll" ....

兒子的大玩偶 Directed with Wan Ren and Tseng chuang-hsiang
1983 The Boys From Fengkuei
The Boys From Fengkuei
The Boys from Fengkuei is a 1983 film directed by Hou Hsiao-Hsien.- Synposis :Ah-Ching and his friends have just finished school in their island fishing village, Fengkuei, and now spend most of their time drinking and fighting. Three of them decide to go to the port city of Kaohsiung to look for...

風櫃來的人 Golden Montgolfiere at the 1984 Nantes Three Continents Festival
1984 A Summer at Grandpa's
A Summer at Grandpa's
A Summer at Grandpa's is a 1984 film directed by Hou Hsiao-Hsien.This film is inspired by screenwriter Chu Tien-wen's childhood memories, and the first part of Hou's coming-of-age trilogy, followed by The Time to Live and the Time to Die and Dust in the Wind .- Synposis :A young boy, Dong-Dong...

冬冬的假期 Golden Montgolfiere at the 1985 Nantes Three Continents Festival
1985 A Time to Live, A Time to Die
The Time to Live and the Time to Die
The Time to Live and the Time to Die is a 1985 film directed by Hou Hsiao-Hsien. This film is inspired by screenwriter-turned-director Hou's own coming-of-age story....

童年往事 FIPRESCI Prize Forum of New Cinema at the 1986 Berlin International Film Festival
Berlin International Film Festival
The Berlin International Film Festival , also called the Berlinale, is one of the world's leading film festivals and most reputable media events. It is held in Berlin, Germany. Founded in West Berlin in 1951, the festival has been celebrated annually in February since 1978...

1986 Dust in the Wind
Dust in the Wind (film)
Dust in the Wind ) is a 1986 critically acclaimed but commercially unsuccessful movie by Taiwanese filmmaker Hou Hsiao-Hsien.This film is based on co-screenwriter Wu Nien-jen's own experiences, and the final part of Hou's coming-of-age trilogy, the others being A Summer at Grandpa's and The Time...

戀戀風塵
1987 Daughter of the Nile
Daughter of the Nile
Daughter of the Nile is a 1987 Feature film by Taiwanese filmmaker Hou Hsiao-Hsien.-Background:...

尼羅河的女兒 Entered into Directors' Fortnight
Directors' Fortnight
Directors' Fortnight is an independent section held in parallel to the Cannes Film Festival. The section was created in 1969 after the events of May 1968, in which the Cannes festival was canceled in solidarity with striking workers....

 at the Cannes Film Festival
Cannes Film Festival
The Cannes International Film Festival , is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films of all genres including documentaries from around the world. Founded in 1946, it is among the world's most prestigious and publicized film festivals...

1989 A City of Sadness
A City of Sadness
A City of Sadness is a 1989 Taiwanese historical drama film directed by Hou Hsiao-hsien. It tells the story of a family embroiled in the tragic "White Terror" that was wrought on the Taiwanese people by the Kuomintang government after their arrival from mainland China in the late 1940s, during...

悲情城市 Golden Lion
Golden Lion
Il Leone d’Oro is the highest prize given to a film at the Venice Film Festival. The prize was introduced in 1949 by the organizing committee and is now regarded as one of the film industry's most distinguished prizes...

at the 1989 Venice Film Festival
Venice Film Festival
The Venice International Film Festival is the oldest international film festival in the world. Founded by Count Giuseppe Volpi in 1932 as the "Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte Cinematografica", the festival has since taken place every year in late August or early September on the island of the...

1993 The Puppetmaster
The Puppetmaster (film)
The Puppetmaster is a 1993 Taiwanese film directed by Hou Hsiao-Hsien. Based on the memoirs of Li Tian-lu, Taiwan’s most celebrated puppeteer, this story covers the years from Li’s birth in 1909 to the end of Japan’s fifty-year occupation of Taiwan in 1945.-Plot:It tells the story of Li Tian-lu...

戲夢人生 Jury Prize
Jury Prize (Cannes Film Festival)
The Jury Prize is an award presented at the Cannes Film Festival. It is chosen by the jury from the 'official section' of movies at the festival. It is considered the third most prestigious prize at the film festival, after the Palme d'Or and the Grand Prix....

at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival
1993 Cannes Film Festival
- Jury :* Louis Malle * Claudia Cardinale * Inna Churikova * Judy Davis * Abbas Kiarostami * Emir Kusturica * William Lubtchansky * Tom Luddy * Gary Oldman * Augusto M...

1995 Good Men, Good Women
Good Men, Good Women
Good Men, Good Women is a 1995 Taiwanese film directed by Hou Hsiao-Hsien, starring Annie Shizuka Inoh, Lim Giong and Jack Kao. It is the last installment in the trilogy that began with A City of Sadness and continued with The Puppetmaster...

好男好女 Best Feature Film at the 1995 Hawaii International Film Festival
Hawaii International Film Festival
The Hawaii International Film Festival is a film festival held in the U.S. state of Hawaii. It was started in 1981 by Jeannette Paulson Hereniko and has been held annually in the fall for two weeks...

1996 Goodbye South, Goodbye
Goodbye South, Goodbye
-Plot:Gao is riding the train to Pinghsi to set up a 10 day gambling den with his friend Hsi . He taking his acolyte - Flatty , and Pletzel , Flatty's girl friend, who works part time in a night club....

南國再見,南國 Entered into the 1996 Cannes Film Festival
1996 Cannes Film Festival
-Jury:*Francis Ford Coppola *Nathalie Baye *Greta Scacchi, actrice *Michael Ballhaus *Henry Chapier *Atom Egoyan *Eiko Ishioka *Krzysztof Piesiewicz *Antonio Tabucchi...

1998 Flowers of Shanghai
Flowers of Shanghai
Flowers of Shanghai is a 1998 film, made in Taiwan, directed by Guangdong-born Taiwanese director Hou Hsiao-hsien starring Hada Michiko, Annie Shizuka Inoh, Shuan Fang, Jack Kao, Carina Lau, Tony Leung, Rebecca Pan, Michelle Reis and Vicky Wei...

海上花 Entered into the 1998 Cannes Film Festival
1998 Cannes Film Festival
The 51st Cannes Film Festival was held on May 13-24, 1998. The Palme d'Or went to the Greek film Mia aioniotita kai mia mera by Theo Angelopoulos.- Jury :*Martin Scorsese *Alain Corneau *Chiara Mastroianni...

2001 Millennium Mambo
Millennium Mambo
Millennium Mambo directed by Taiwanese filmmaker Hou Hsiao-Hsien, is a 2001 film.-Synopsis:The main character, Vicky, portrayed by actress Shu Qi narrates from 2011 about her life 10 years earlier. She describes her youth and story of her changing life at the beginning of the new Millennium. She...

千禧曼波 Technical Grand Prize at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival
2001 Cannes Film Festival
The 2001 Cannes Film Festival started on May 14 and ran until May 25. The Palme d'Or went to the Italian film The Son's Room by Nanni Moretti.-Jury:* Liv Ullmann, President * Mimmo Calopresti * Charlotte Gainsbourg...

2003 Café Lumière
Café Lumière
is a 2003 Japanese film directed by Taiwanese director Hou Hsiao-Hsien for Shochiku as homage to Yasujiro Ozu, with direct reference to the late master's Tokyo Story . It premiered at a festival commemorating the centenary of Ozu's birth...

咖啡時光 Japanese production, Entered into the 2004 Venice Film Festival
Venice Film Festival
The Venice International Film Festival is the oldest international film festival in the world. Founded by Count Giuseppe Volpi in 1932 as the "Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte Cinematografica", the festival has since taken place every year in late August or early September on the island of the...

2005 Three Times
Three Times
Three Times is a 2005 Taiwanese film directed by Hou Hsiao-Hsien. It features three chronologically separate stories of love between May and Chen, set in 1911, 1966 and 2005, using the same lead actors, Shu Qi and Chang Chen.The film was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the 2005 Cannes Film...

最好的時光 Entered into the 2005 Cannes Film Festival
2005 Cannes Film Festival
The 2005 Cannes Film Festival started on May 11 and ran until May 22. Twenty movies from 13 countries were selected to compete. The awards were announced on May 21...

2007 The Flight of the Red Balloon Le Voyage du Ballon Rouge (紅氣球的旅行) French production
2007 The Electric Princess House 電姬館 Segment of the anthology film, To Each His Own Cinema
To Each His Own Cinema
To Each His Own Cinema is a 2007 French anthology film commissioned for the 60th anniversary of the Cannes Film Festival. The film is a collection of 34 short films, each 3 minutes in length, by 36 acclaimed directors...

2011 La Belle Epoque 黃金之弦 Segment of the anthology film, 10+10

As producer

Year English Title Original Title Director
1991 Raise the Red Lantern
Raise the Red Lantern
Raise the Red Lantern is a 1991 film directed by Zhang Yimou and starring Gong Li. It is an adaption by Ni Zhen of the 1990 novel Wives and Concubines by Su Tong...

大紅燈籠高高掛 Zhang Yimou
Zhang Yimou
Zhang Yimou is a Chinese film director, producer, writer and actor, and former cinematographer. He is counted amongst the Fifth Generation of Chinese filmmakers, having made his directorial debut in 1987 with Red Sorghum....

1992 Dust of Angels
Dust of Angels (film)
Dust of Angels is a 1992 Taiwanese crime film directed by Hsu Hsiao-ming, executive produced by Taiwanese filmmaker Hou Hsiao-hsien. It was entered into Directors' Fortnight at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival.-Cast:* Jack Kao as Hsiao Kao...

少年吔,安啦 Hsu Hsiao-ming
1993 Treasure Island 只要為你活一天 Chen Kuo-Fu
1994 A Borrowed Life 多桑 Wu Nien-jen
1995 Heartbreak Island 去年冬天 Hsu Hsiao-ming
2000 Mirror Image 命帶追逐 Hsiao Ya-chuan
2007 Reflection 愛麗絲的鏡子 Yao hung-I
2010 One Day 有一天 Hou Ji-ran
2010 Taipei Exchanges
Taipei Exchanges
Taipei Exchanges is a 2010 Taiwanese comedy film directed by Hsiao Ya-chuan and starring Kwai Lun-mei.-Cast:* Kwai Lun-mei as Doris* Zaizai Lin as Joise* Chang Han as Chun-Ching* Kousuke Atari as Japanese Singer...

第36個故事 Hsiao Ya-chuan
2010 Return Ticket 到阜陽六百里 Teng Yung-Shing
2011 Hometown Boy 金城小子 Yao hung-I

As actor

Year English Title Original Title Director
1983 The Boys From Fengkuei
The Boys From Fengkuei
The Boys from Fengkuei is a 1983 film directed by Hou Hsiao-Hsien.- Synposis :Ah-Ching and his friends have just finished school in their island fishing village, Fengkuei, and now spend most of their time drinking and fighting. Three of them decide to go to the port city of Kaohsiung to look for...

風櫃來的人 Himself
1985 Taipei Story
Taipei Story
Taipei Story is a 1985 film by Taiwanese filmmaker Edward Yang.The film stars Yang's fellow filmmaker Hou Hsiao-hsien, and singer Tsai Chin, who Yang subsequently married.It is one of the earliest films of the New Taiwan Cinema.-Synopsis:...

青梅竹馬 Edward Yang
Edward Yang
Edward Yang , along with Hou Hsiao-Hsien and Tsai Ming Liang, was one of the leading filmmakers of the Taiwanese New Wave and Taiwanese Cinema. He won the Best Director Award at Cannes for his 2000 film Yi Yi .-Biography:...

1986 Soul 老娘夠騷 Shu Kei
Shu kei
Shu Kei or Kenneth Ip is a Hong Kong film director and screenwriter active during the 1980s and 90s. A graduate of the The University of Hong Kong, his most famous work is 1990's Sunless Days , a documentary exploring the Tiananmen Square Massacre and its influence on the people of Hong Kong in...

1997 HHH: A Portrait of Hou Hsiao-Hsien HHH - Un portrait de Hou Hsiao-Hsien Olivier Assayas
Olivier Assayas
Olivier Assayas is a French film director and screenwriter.He made his debut in 1986, after directing some short films and writing for the influential film magazine Cahiers du cinéma.-Career:...

2010 I Wish I Knew 海上傳奇 Jia Zhangke
Jia Zhangke
Jia Zhangke is a Chinese film director. He is generally regarded as a leading figure of the "Sixth Generation" movement of Chinese cinema, a group that also includes such figures as Wang Xiaoshuai and Zhang Yuan....


Further reading

  • Berenice Reynaud, A City of Sadness, British Film Institute 2002
  • James Udden, No Man an Island: The Cinema of Hou Hsiao-hsien, Hong Kong University Press, 2009. http://www.amazon.com/dp/9622090745

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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