Hordeum

Hordeum is a genus of about 30 species of annual and perennial grasses Poaceae

The true grasses are monocotyledon [i]ous plant [i]s in the Family Poaceae, also known as Gram ...

, native throughout the temperate Northern Hemisphere Northern Hemisphere

The Northern Hemisphere is the half of a planet's surface that is north [i] of the equator [i] . ...

, temperate South America South America

South America is a continent [i] situated in the western hemisphere [i] and, mostly, ...

, and also South Africa South Africa

The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of the Africa [i]n continent [i]. ...

. One species, H. vulgare , is of major commercial importance as a cereal Cereal

Cereal crops [i] are mostly grasses [i] cultivated for their edible grains or seed [i] ...

grain, used as fodder crop and for malting Malt

Malting is a process applied to cereal [i] grains, in which the grains are made to germinate [i] and the ...

in beer Beer

Beer is one of the world's oldest alcoholic beverage [i]s, possibly brewed for the first time over 10,00 ...

and whiskey Whisky

Whisky, or whiskey, refers to a broad category of alcohol [i]ic beverage [i]s that are distill [i] ...

production. Some species are nuisance weeds introduced world-wide by human activities others endangered due to habitat loss. Hordeum species are used as food plants by the larva Larva

A larva is a juvenile form of animal [i] with indirect development [i], undergoin ...

e of some Lepidoptera Lepidoptera

The order Lepidoptera is the second largest order [i] in the class [i] insect [i]a and inc ...

species including The Flame Flame

A flame is the product of a highly exothermic [i] reaction a self-sustaining oxidation [i] reaction [i] ...

, Rustic Shoulder-knot and Setaceous Hebrew Character.

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Encyclopedia

Hordeum is a genus of about 30 species of annual and perennial grasses Poaceae

The true grasses are monocotyledon [i]ous plant [i]s in the Family Poaceae, also known as Gram ...

, native throughout the temperate Northern Hemisphere Northern Hemisphere

The Northern Hemisphere is the half of a planet's surface that is north [i] of the equator [i] ....

, temperate South America South America

South America is a continent [i] situated in the western hemisphere [i] and, mostly, ...

, and also South Africa South Africa

The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of the Africa [i]n continent [i]. ...

.

One species, H. vulgare , is of major commercial importance as a cereal Cereal

Cereal crops [i] are mostly grasses [i] cultivated for their edible grains or seed [i] ...

grain, used as fodder crop and for malting Malt

Malting is a process applied to cereal [i] grains, in which the grains are made to germinate [i] and the ...

in beer Beer

Beer is one of the world's oldest alcoholic beverage [i]s, possibly brewed for the first time over 10,00 ...

and whiskey Whisky

Whisky, or whiskey, refers to a broad category of alcohol [i]ic beverage [i]s that are distill [i] ...

production. Some species are nuisance weeds introduced world-wide by human activities others endangered due to habitat loss.

Hordeum species are used as food plants by the larva Larva

A larva is a juvenile form of animal [i] with indirect development [i], undergoin...

e of some Lepidoptera Lepidoptera

The order Lepidoptera is the second largest order [i] in the class [i] insect [i]a and inc ...

species including The Flame Flame

A flame is the product of a highly exothermic [i] reaction a self-sustaining oxidation [i] reaction [i]...

, Rustic Shoulder-knot and Setaceous Hebrew Character.

Species

The genus Hordeum comprises currently 31 species:

Hordeum arizonicum
Hordeum bogdanii
Hordeum brachyantherum

with the subspecies brachyantherum and californicum

Hordeum brevisubulatum

subsp. brevisubulatum, iranicum, nevskianum, turkestanicum, and violaceum

Hordeum bulbosum
Hordeum capense
Hordeum chilense
Hordeum comosum
Hordeum cordobense
Hordeum depressum
Hordeum erectifolium
Hordeum euclaston
Hordeum flexuosum
Hordeum fuegianum
Hordeum guatemalense
Hordeum intercedens
Hordeum jubatum
Hordeum lechleri
Hordeum marinum

subsp. marinum and gussoneanum

Hordeum murinum

subsp. murinum, glaucum, and leporinum

Hordeum muticum
Hordeum patagonicum

subsp. patagonicum, magellanicum, mustersi, santacrucense, and setifolium

Hordeum parodii
Hordeum procerum
Hordeum pubiflorum

subsp. pubiflorum and halophilum

Hordeum pusillum
Hordeum roshevitzii
Hordeum secalinum
Hordeum stenostachys
Hordeum tetraploidum
Hordeum vulgare

barley Barley

Barley is a major food and animal feed crop, a member of the grass family Poaceae....

two-rowed barley
six-rowed barley

wild barley

References

Bothmer, Jacobsen, Baden, Jorgensen, Linde-Laursen : An ecogeographical study of the genus Hordeum, 2nd ed. IPGRI, Rome.

Blattner : Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33, 289-299.

Blattner : New Phytologist 169, 603-614.