Hordeum is a genus of about 30 species of annual and perennial
grassesPoaceae or Gramineae is a family in the Class Liliopsida of the flowering plants. Plants of this family are usually called grasses, or, to distinguish them from other graminoids, true grasses; the shrub- or tree-like plants in this family are called bamboo...
, native throughout the temperate
Northern HemisphereThe Northern Hemisphere is the half of a planet that is north of the equator—the word hemisphere literally means 'half sphere'. It is also that half of the celestial sphere north of the celestial equator...
, temperate
South AmericaSouth America is the southern continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere...
, and also
South AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of Africa, with a coastline on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. To the north lie Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe, to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland, while Lesotho is an independent country surrounded by South Africa.Modern...
.
One species,
H. vulgare (
barleyBarley is a cereal grain derived from the annual grass Hordeum vulgare. It serves as a major animal feed crop, with smaller amounts used for malting and in health food. It is used in soups, stews and barley bread in various countries, such as Scotland and in Africa...
), is of major commercial importance as a
cerealCereals, grains or cereal grains, {as a collective} are grasses cultivated for the edible components of their fruit seeds - the endocarp, germ and bran...
grain, used as fodder crop and for malting in
beerBeer is the world's oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic beverage and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea. It is produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize , and rice are widely...
and whiskey production. Some species are nuisance
weedA weed in a general sense is a plant that is considered by the user of the term to be a nuisance, and normally applied to unwanted plants in human-made settings such as gardens, lawns or agricultural areas, but also in parks, woods and other natural areas. More specifically, the term is often...
s introduced world-wide by human activities others endangered due to habitat loss.
Hordeum species are used as food plants by the
larvaA larva is a young form of animal with indirect development, going through or undergoing metamorphosis ....
e of some
LepidopteraLepidoptera is an order of insects that includes moths and butterflies. It is one of the most speciose orders in the class Insecta, encompassing moths and the three superfamilies of butterflies, skipper butterflies, and moth-butterflies...
species including
The FlameThe Flame is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found throughout Europe.This species has creamy-buff forewings with black streaking along the costa. The hindwings are whitish with a dark line along the margin. The wingspan is 30-36 mm...
,
Rustic Shoulder-knotThe Rustic Shoulder-knot is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is distributed throughout Europe and is also found in North America....
and
Setaceous Hebrew CharacterThe Setaceous Hebrew Character is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is a common species throughout Europe.The forewings of this species are reddish brown with distinctive patterning towards the base: a black mark resembling the Hebrew letter Nun:
WikiSpecies entry):
- Hordeum arizonicum
Hordeum arizonicum is a species of wild barley known by the common name Arizona barley. It is native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States, where it grows in wet spots in desert regions, such as irrigation ditches. It can grow in somewhat saline soils. This is an annual or perennial...
- Hordeum bogdanii
- Hordeum brachyantherum
Hordeum brachyantherum is a species of barley known by the common name meadow barley. It is native to western North America from Alaska to northern Mexico, far eastern Russia, and parts of eastern North America. It can be found in other parts of the world as an introduced species. This is a tufting...
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Hordeum is a genus of about 30 species of annual and perennial
grassesPoaceae or Gramineae is a family in the Class Liliopsida of the flowering plants. Plants of this family are usually called grasses, or, to distinguish them from other graminoids, true grasses; the shrub- or tree-like plants in this family are called bamboo...
, native throughout the temperate
Northern HemisphereThe Northern Hemisphere is the half of a planet that is north of the equator—the word hemisphere literally means 'half sphere'. It is also that half of the celestial sphere north of the celestial equator...
, temperate
South AmericaSouth America is the southern continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere...
, and also
South AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of Africa, with a coastline on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. To the north lie Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe, to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland, while Lesotho is an independent country surrounded by South Africa.Modern...
.
One species,
H. vulgare (
barleyBarley is a cereal grain derived from the annual grass Hordeum vulgare. It serves as a major animal feed crop, with smaller amounts used for malting and in health food. It is used in soups, stews and barley bread in various countries, such as Scotland and in Africa...
), is of major commercial importance as a
cerealCereals, grains or cereal grains, {as a collective} are grasses cultivated for the edible components of their fruit seeds - the endocarp, germ and bran...
grain, used as fodder crop and for malting in
beerBeer is the world's oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic beverage and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea. It is produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize , and rice are widely...
and whiskey production. Some species are nuisance
weedA weed in a general sense is a plant that is considered by the user of the term to be a nuisance, and normally applied to unwanted plants in human-made settings such as gardens, lawns or agricultural areas, but also in parks, woods and other natural areas. More specifically, the term is often...
s introduced world-wide by human activities others endangered due to habitat loss.
Hordeum species are used as food plants by the
larvaA larva is a young form of animal with indirect development, going through or undergoing metamorphosis ....
e of some
LepidopteraLepidoptera is an order of insects that includes moths and butterflies. It is one of the most speciose orders in the class Insecta, encompassing moths and the three superfamilies of butterflies, skipper butterflies, and moth-butterflies...
species including
The FlameThe Flame is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found throughout Europe.This species has creamy-buff forewings with black streaking along the costa. The hindwings are whitish with a dark line along the margin. The wingspan is 30-36 mm...
,
Rustic Shoulder-knotThe Rustic Shoulder-knot is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is distributed throughout Europe and is also found in North America....
and
Setaceous Hebrew CharacterThe Setaceous Hebrew Character is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is a common species throughout Europe.The forewings of this species are reddish brown with distinctive patterning towards the base: a black mark resembling the Hebrew letter Nun:
WikiSpecies entry):
- Hordeum arizonicum
Hordeum arizonicum is a species of wild barley known by the common name Arizona barley. It is native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States, where it grows in wet spots in desert regions, such as irrigation ditches. It can grow in somewhat saline soils. This is an annual or perennial...
- Hordeum bogdanii
- Hordeum brachyantherum
Hordeum brachyantherum is a species of barley known by the common name meadow barley. It is native to western North America from Alaska to northern Mexico, far eastern Russia, and parts of eastern North America. It can be found in other parts of the world as an introduced species. This is a tufting...
- H. brachyantherum subsp. brachyantherum
- H. brachyantherum subsp. californicum
- Hordeum brevisubulatum
- H. brevisubulatum subsp. brevisubulatum
- H. brevisubulatum subsp. iranicum
- H. brevisubulatum subsp. nevskianum
- H. brevisubulatum subsp. turkestanicum
- H. brevisubulatum subsp. violaceum
- Hordeum bulbosum
- Hordeum capense
- Hordeum chilense
- Hordeum comosum
- Hordeum cordobense
- Hordeum depressum
Hordeum depressum is a species of barley known by the common names low barley and dwarf barley. It is native to the western United States from Idaho to California, where it can be found in moist habitats such as vernal pools. This is a small annual grass forming petite patches of thin, hairy leaves...
- Hordeum erectifolium
- Hordeum euclaston
- Hordeum flexuosum
- Hordeum fuegianum
- Hordeum guatemalense
- Hordeum gussoneanum (sea barley)
- Hordeum intercedens
Hordeum intercedens is an uncommon species of wild barley known by the common names bobtail barley and vernal barley. It is native to southern California and northern Baja California, where it is an increasingly rare member of the flora in saline and alkaline soils near seasonal waterflows and...
- Hordeum jubatum
Hordeum jubatum is a perennials plant species in the grass family Poaceae. It occurs wild mainly in northern North America and adjacent northeastern Siberia. However, as it escaped often from gardens it can be found world-wide in areas with temperate to warm climates, and is considered a weed in...
(foxtail barley)
- Hordeum lechleri
- Hordeum marinum
Hordeum marinum, commonly known as sea barley, is a species of grass....
(sea barley)
- Hordeum murinum
Hordeum murinum, commonly known as wall barley or false barley, is a species of grass....
(wall barley)
- H. murinum subsp. murinum
- H. murinum subsp. glaucum
- H. murinum subsp. leporinum
Hordeum murinum subsp. leporinum is a subspecies of Hordeum murinum .Its common names include hare barley, mouse barley, and barley grass.-Taxonomy:...
(hare barley)
- Hordeum muticum
- Hordeum patagonicum
- H. patagonicum subsp. patagonicum
- H. patagonicum subsp. magellanicum
- H. patagonicum subsp. mustersi
- H. patagonicum subsp. santacrucense
- H. patagonicum subsp. setifolium
- Hordeum parodii
- Hordeum procerum
- Hordeum pubiflorum
- H. patagonicum subsp. pubiflorum
- H. patagonicum subsp. halophilum
- Hordeum pusillum
Hordeum pusillum or Little barley is a diploid species of grass. Hordeum pusillum, native to the United States except the westernmost parts, originated via long-distance dispersal of a southern South American Hordeum species to North America about 1 million years ago...
(little barley)
- Hordeum roshevitzii
- Hordeum secalinum
- Hordeum stenostachys
- Hordeum tetraploidum
- Hordeum vulgare (barley)
- H. vulgare subsp. vulgare (barley)
- H. vulgare f. distichon (two-rowed barley)
- H. vulgare f. hexastichon (six-rowed barley)
- H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum (wild barley)
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