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The House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen is the cadet branch
Cadet branch

Cadet branch is a term in genealogy to describe the lineage of the descendants of the younger sons of a monarch or patriarch. In the ruling dynasty and nobility families of much of Europe and Asia, the family's major assets – titles, realms, fiefs, property and income – have historically been passed from a father to his firstborn...
 of the senior Swabia
Swabia

Swabia, Suabia, or Svebia is both a historic and linguistics region in Germany. Swabia consists of much of the present-day state of Baden-W?rttemberg , as well as the Bavarian Swabia ....
n branch of the Hohenzollern dynasty, less known than the Franconia
Franconia

Franconia is a region of Germany comprising the northern parts of the modern state of Bavaria and a much smaller region in northeastern Baden-W?rttemberg called Heilbronn-Franken....
n branch which became Burgraves of Nuremberg
Burgrave of Nuremberg

List of Burgraves of Nuremberg...
 and later ruled Brandenburg-Prussia
Brandenburg-Prussia

Brandenburg-Prussia was a Germany monarchy established by the personal union between the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1618....
 and the German Empire
German Empire

The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from the unification of Germany and proclamation of William I, German Emperor as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became Weimar republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of William II, German Emperor ....
. The state which the cadet branch ruled was the County of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen , which later became a principality (Fürstentum Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen).

County of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was created in 1576, upon the partition of the County of Hohenzollern
Zollern

Zollern, or Hohenzollern, was a county of the Holy Roman Empire. Its ruling dynasty was the House of Hohenzollern, which started with Tassilo von Zolorin....
, a fief of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
.






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The House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen is the cadet branch
Cadet branch

Cadet branch is a term in genealogy to describe the lineage of the descendants of the younger sons of a monarch or patriarch. In the ruling dynasty and nobility families of much of Europe and Asia, the family's major assets – titles, realms, fiefs, property and income – have historically been passed from a father to his firstborn...
 of the senior Swabia
Swabia

Swabia, Suabia, or Svebia is both a historic and linguistics region in Germany. Swabia consists of much of the present-day state of Baden-W?rttemberg , as well as the Bavarian Swabia ....
n branch of the Hohenzollern dynasty, less known than the Franconia
Franconia

Franconia is a region of Germany comprising the northern parts of the modern state of Bavaria and a much smaller region in northeastern Baden-W?rttemberg called Heilbronn-Franken....
n branch which became Burgraves of Nuremberg
Burgrave of Nuremberg

List of Burgraves of Nuremberg...
 and later ruled Brandenburg-Prussia
Brandenburg-Prussia

Brandenburg-Prussia was a Germany monarchy established by the personal union between the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1618....
 and the German Empire
German Empire

The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from the unification of Germany and proclamation of William I, German Emperor as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became Weimar republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of William II, German Emperor ....
. The state which the cadet branch ruled was the County of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen , which later became a principality (Fürstentum Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen).

History

The County of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was created in 1576, upon the partition of the County of Hohenzollern
Zollern

Zollern, or Hohenzollern, was a county of the Holy Roman Empire. Its ruling dynasty was the House of Hohenzollern, which started with Tassilo von Zolorin....
, a fief of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
. When the last count of Hohenzollern, Charles I (1512-1579) died, the territory was to be divided up between his three sons:
  • Eitel Frederick IV of Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1545–1605)
  • Charles II of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
    Charles II, Count of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

    Charles II, Count of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen became Count of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen in 1576 and remained so until his death.Charles II was one of three sons of Karl I of Hohenzollern, Count of Hohenzollern, and Anna of Baden-Durlach ....
     (1547–1606)
  • Christoph of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch (1552–1592)


The Princes of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen ruled over a small principality in southwest Germany. Unlike the Hohenzollerns of Brandenburg
Margraviate of Brandenburg

The Margraviate of Brandenburg was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806. Also known as the March of Brandenburg , it played a pivotal role in the history of Germany and Central Europe....
 and Prussia, the Hohenzollern of Sigmaringen, and their cousins of Hohenzollern-Hechingen
Hohenzollern-Hechingen

Hohenzollern-Hechingen was a county and principality in southwestern Germany. Its rulers belonged to a branch of the senior Swabian branch of the Hohenzollern dynasty....
, the seniormost branch of the Swabian branch of the House of Hohenzollern, and Hohenzollern of Haigerloch, remained Roman Catholic.

The principality became an independent state in 1815 after the Napoleonic Wars
Napoleonic Wars

The Napoleonic Wars were a series of conflicts involving Napoleon I of France First French Empire and changing sets of European allies and opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815....
. Its ruler was deposed in the revolutions of 1848
Revolutions of 1848

The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout the European continent....
. His son, Karl Anton, succeeded him, and turned to Prussia for aid. Prussian troops arrived in August 1849, and in a treaty signed in December Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was annexed by Prussia, effective in March 1850. The annexation of their state did not, however, mean the end of the importance of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen.

The last prince, Karl Anton
Prince Karl Anton of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

Prince Charles Anthony of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen was head of the Princely House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Hohenzollern since 1869, and Prime Minister of Prussia....
, served as Minister-President of Prussia from 1858-61. Karl Anton's second son, Karl Eitel Friedrich of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Carol I of Romania

Carol I of Romania, original name Prince Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern , German prince, was elected Domnitor of Romania on 20 April 1866 following the overthrow of Alexander John Cuza by a palace coup; following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkis...
 became prince (1866–1881) and then king (1881–1914) of the Romanians
Romanians

], 26 Nov 2004. Reprinted at , retrieved 18 Dec 2005.External links *...
, under the name Carol and the house remained on the throne until the end of the Romanian monarchy
Kingdom of Romania

The Kingdom of Roumania was the old Romanian state based on a form of parliamentary monarchy between March 13, 1881 and December 30, 1947, specified by the First , and respectively, the Second Constitution of Roumania....
 in 1947.

Because the Hohenzollern-Hechingen line died out in 1869 with the death of Constantin of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, the head of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Karl Anton of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, took the title of prince (Fürst) of Hohenzollern instead of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen.

French opposition to the candidacy of Carol's elder brother Prince Leopold
Leopold, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

Leopold, Prince of Hohenzollern was the head of the Swabian branch of the House of Hohenzollern, and played a fleeting role in European power politics....
 for the throne of Spain
Spain

Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....
 triggered the Franco-Prussian War
Franco-Prussian War

The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War was a conflict between Second French Empire and Kingdom of Prussia, while Prussia was backed by the North German Confederation, of which it was a member, and the South German states of Grand Duchy of Baden, History of W?rttemberg#The Kingdom...
 (1870–1871), which led to the founding of the German Empire
German Empire

The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from the unification of Germany and proclamation of William I, German Emperor as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became Weimar republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of William II, German Emperor ....
 in January 1871.

Noble jurisdictions, titles and styles


Southern Germany


Noble jurisdiction
The head of the Swabian branch, of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, ruled over the following noble jurisdictions
Fiefs

Fiefs may refer to:* Fiefdom* Fiefs, Pas-de-Calais, a commune in France of the Pas-de-Calais d?partement in northern France...
 held in a personal union
Personal union

A personal union is the combination by which two or more different states are governed by the same monarch, while their boundaries, their laws and their interests remain distinct....
:
  • countship of Hohenzollern
    Zollern

    Zollern, or Hohenzollern, was a county of the Holy Roman Empire. Its ruling dynasty was the House of Hohenzollern, which started with Tassilo von Zolorin....
     (1061)
  • burgraviate of Nuremberg
    Burgrave of Nuremberg

    List of Burgraves of Nuremberg...
     (1192)
  • countship of Veringen
    Veringenstadt

    Veringenstadt is a town in the Sigmaringen , in Baden-W?rttemberg, Germany. It is situated 10 km north of Sigmaringen....
     (1535)
  • lordship of Haigerloch
    Haigerloch

    Art = Stadt|Wappen = Wappen Haigerloch.png|lat_deg = 48 |lat_min = 21 |lat_sec = 53|lon_deg = 08 |lon_min = 48 |lon_sec = 18...
     (1634)
  • lordship of Wehrstein (1634)
  • countship of Berg
    Berg

    Berg is the word for mountain in various Germanic languages, and may also refer to:In Germany:*Berg , a medieval territory in today's North Rhine-Westphalia...
     (1781)


From 1061 until 1806 the six fiefs were an imperial immediacy
Reichsfreiheit

Imperial immediacy was a privileged feudalism and political status, a form of statehood, which a city, religious entity or feudal principality of minor lordship could attain within the Holy Roman Empire....
 of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
 and the count of Zollern, and his successors, was a vassal
Vassal

A vassal in the terminology that both preceded and accompanied the feudal of medieval Europe, is one who enters into mutual obligations with a monarch, usually of military support and mutual protection, in exchange for certain guarantees, which came to include the terrain held as a fiefdom....
 of the Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Emperor

Image:HRR 14Jh.jpgThe Roman of the Emperor's title was a reflection of the translatio imperii principle that regarded the Holy Roman Emperors as the inheritors of the title of Emperor of the Western Roman Empire, a title left unclaimed in the West after the death of Julius Nepos in 480....
.

From 1806 until 1813 the fiefs were a province of the Confederation of the Rhine
Confederation of the Rhine

The Confederation of the Rhine or Rhine Confederation was a client state of the First French Empire. It was formed initially from 16 German states by Napoleon I of France after he defeated Austria's Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and Russia's Alexander I of Russia in the Battle of Austerlitz....
, a short-lived state set up by Napoleon I Bonaparte. From 1815 until 1849 the principality was a sovereign country, who was a member of the German Confederation
German Confederation

The German Confederation was the association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to serve as the successor to the Holy Roman Empire, which had been abolished in 1806....
. In 1849 it lost its independence, and was incorporated into the kingdom of Prussia
Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia was a Germany monarchy from 1701 to 1918 and, from 1871, was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising almost two-thirds of the area of the empire....
 as the province of Hohenzollern
Province of Hohenzollern

Hohenzollern was a de facto Provinces of Prussia of the Kingdom of Prussia. It was created in 1850 by joining the principalities of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and Hohenzollern-Hechingen after both formerly independent states had handed over their sovereignty to Prussia, ruled by the Protestant branch of the House of Hohenzollern....
.

The German Confederation was succeeded in 1866 by the North German Confederation
North German Confederation

The North German Confederation , came into existence in August 1866 as a military alliance of 22 states of northern Germany with the Kingdom of Prussia as the leading state....
, which itself was succeeded by the German Empire
German Empire

The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from the unification of Germany and proclamation of William I, German Emperor as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became Weimar republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of William II, German Emperor ....
 in 1871. In 1918, the kingdom of Prussia became the Free State of Prussia, and the German Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic
Weimar Republic

The Weimar Republic was the democracy and republican period of Germany from 1919 to 1933. Following World War I, the republic emerged from the German Revolution in November 1918....
. In 1933 the republic was replaced by the Third Reich. After the defeat of the national-socialists in 1945 the province of Hohenzollern was merged with other territories into the state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern
Württemberg-Hohenzollern

W?rttemberg-Hohenzollern is a historical state of West Germany. It was created in 1945 as part of the France Allied Occupation Zones in Germany....
. This state was part of the Allied Occupation Zones in Germany
Allied Occupation Zones in Germany

The Allies of World War II powers who defeated Nazi Germany in World War II divided the country west of the Oder-Neisse line into four occupation zones for administrative purposes during the period 1945?1949....
 until 1952. In that year, the state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern was merged into Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg

Baden-W?rttemberg is one of the 16 States of Germany of the Federal Republic of Germany. Baden-W?rttemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine?but one which has some of its major cities straddling the banks of the Neckar River ....
, a state of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Noble titles

The head of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen holds the titles of:
  • Prince
    Prince

    Prince, from the Latin root princeps, is a general term for a monarch, for a member of a monarch's or former monarch's family, and is a hereditary title in some members of Europe's highest nobility....
     (Fürst
    Fürst

    is a German nobility, usually translated into English language as Prince.The term refers to the head of a principality and is distinguished from the son of a monarch, which is referred to as Prinz....
    ) of Hohenzollern
  • Burgrave
    Burgrave

    A burgrave is a count of a castle or fortified town. The English language form is derived through the French language from the German language Burggraf and Dutch language) burg- or burch-graeve ....
     (Burggraf) of Nuremberg
  • Count
    Count

    A count is a nobleman in European countries; The word count comes from French language comte, itself from Latin comes?in its Accusative case comitem?meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor"....
     (Graf
    Graf

    Graf is a historical German nobility title equal in rank to a count or a British earl . A derivation ultimately from the Greek verb graphein 'to write' may be fanciful: Paul the Deacon wrote in Latin ca 790: "the count of the Bavarians that they call gravio who governed Bolzano and other strongholds?" ; this may be read to make...
    ) of Hohenzollern
  • Count (Graf) of Sigmaringen
  • Count (Graf) of Veringen
  • Count (Graf) of Berg
  • Lord
    Lord

    Lord is a title with various meanings. It can denote a Prince#Prince_as_a_generic_word_for_ruler or a Examples of feudalism . The title today is mostly used in connection with the peerage of the United Kingdom or its predecessor countries, although some users of the title do not themselves hold peerages, and use it 'Courtesy titles in the U...
     (Herr
    Herr

    Herr is a title of nobility meaning "Lord" in German.It may also refer to:* Mr., for which Herr is the German and Swedish equivalent* Lois Herr, American politician...
    ) of Haigerloch
  • Lord (Herr) of Wehrstein


The first degree descendants of the head of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen born within holy matrimony and in good standing hold the titles of:
  • Prince
    Prince

    Prince, from the Latin root princeps, is a general term for a monarch, for a member of a monarch's or former monarch's family, and is a hereditary title in some members of Europe's highest nobility....
     or Princess
    Princess

    Princess, is the feminine form of prince . Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or her daughters.For many centuries, the title "princess" was not regularly used for a monarch's daughter, who might simply be called "Lady" or a non-English equivalent; Old English language had no female equivalent to "prince", "earl"...
     (Prinz or Prinzessin) of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
  • Prince or Princess (Prinz or Prinzessin) of Hohenzollern


Styles

The German original is: Seine Durchlaucht (S.D.) [name] von Gottes Gnaden, Fürst von Hohenzollern, Burggraf von Nürnberg, Graf zu Sigmaringen, Veringen und Berg, Herr zu Haigerloch und Wehrstein

The English translation is: His Serene Highness (H.S.H.) [name] by the Grace of God
By the Grace of God

By the Grace of God, as well as the various equivalent phrases in other languages thus rendered in English language,is not a title in its own right, but a common introductory part of the full styles of many Monarchs, preceding the actual princely styles in chief of the specific realm and/or other principalities ....
, Prince of Hohenzollern, Burgrave of Nuremberg, Count of Sigmaringen, Veringen and Berg, Lord of Haigerloch and Wehrstein.

Romania


Noble jurisdictions

Romania Territory During 20th Century
Prince Karl Eitel of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Carol I of Romania

Carol I of Romania, original name Prince Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern , German prince, was elected Domnitor of Romania on 20 April 1866 following the overthrow of Alexander John Cuza by a palace coup; following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkis...
, and his descendants ruled over the Kingdom of Romania
Kingdom of Romania

The Kingdom of Roumania was the old Romanian state based on a form of parliamentary monarchy between March 13, 1881 and December 30, 1947, specified by the First , and respectively, the Second Constitution of Roumania....
. As monarch, the king of the Romanians was a sovereign
Sovereign

Sovereign may refer to:*Sovereignty, a philosophical concept or state*Sovereign *Sovereign Hill, Victoria, Australia*Lady Sovereign, a female MC and performing artist for Def Jam Recordings...
 and head of state
Head of State

Head of state is the generic term for the individual or collective office that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchic or republican nation-state, federation, commonwealth or any other political state....
.

The modern state of Romania
Romania

Romania is a country located in Southeastern Europe Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian Mountains, bordering on the Black Sea....
 was formed by the merging of the principalities of Moldavia
Moldavia

Moldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river....
 and Wallachia
Wallachia

Wallachia or Walachia is a Historical regions of Romania and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians....
 in 1859 under the Moldavian domnitor
Domnitor

Domnitor was the official title of the ruler of the Danubian Principalities between 1859 and 1866. "Domnitor" was used in medieval times along with the slavonic-derived term of "Voievod"/voivode, and it derives from the 'cultivated Latin' term Dominus "; ....
 Alexandru Ioan Cuza. He was replaced by Karl Eitel of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen in 1866, who became known as Prince Carol I of Romania.

During the Russo-Turkish War, Romania fought on the Russian side. In the 1878 Treaty of Berlin
Treaty of Berlin, 1878

The Treaty of Berlin was the final act of the Congress of Berlin , by which the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Austria-Hungary, French Third Republic, German Empire, Kingdom of Italy , Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire under Abdul Hamid II revised the Treaty of San Stefano signed on March 3 of the same year....
, Romania was subsequently recognized as an independent state by the Great Powers.

In return for ceding to Russian Empire
Russian Empire

File:Russian Emperor Flag.jpgFile:Romanov Flag.svgThe Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917....
 the three southern districts of Bessarabia
Bessarabia

Bessarabia is a historical term for the geographic entity in Eastern Europe bounded by the Dniester River on the east and the Prut River on the west....
 that had been regained by Moldavia after the Crimean War
Crimean War

The Crimean War, also known in Russia as the Oriental War was fought between the Russian Empire on one side and an alliance of France, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Kingdom of Sardinia, and the Ottoman Empire on the other....
 in 1852, Northern Dobruja
Dobruja

Dobruja, or Dobrudja , is a historical region shared by Bulgaria and Romania, located between the lower Danube river and the Black Sea, including the Danube Delta, Romanian coast and the northernmost part of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast....
 was acquired.

In 1881, the principality
Principality

A principality is a monarchy feudatory or sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a monarch with the title of prince or princess, or a monarch with another title within the generic use of the term prince....
 was raised to a kingdom
Monarchy

A monarchy is a form of government in which supreme power is absolutely or nominally lodged in an individual, who is the head of state, often for Life tenure or until abdication, and "is wholly set apart from all other members of the state." The person who heads a monarchy is called a monarch....
 and Prince Carol became King Carol I. In 1947 the king was deposed and a people's republic proclaimed. In 1989 the communist regime fell and was succeeded by a democratic republic.

In 1918 Transylvania
Transylvania

Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountains, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term frequently encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical regions of Crisana, Maramures, and Banat....
 and Bessarabia
Bessarabia

Bessarabia is a historical term for the geographic entity in Eastern Europe bounded by the Dniester River on the east and the Prut River on the west....
 are incorporated. In 1918-19, confirmed by the Treaty of Versailles
Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaty at the end of World War I. It ended the declaration of war between German Empire and Allies of World War I....
 of 1919 and the Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Trianon

The Treaty of Trianon is the peace treaty concluded at the end of World War I by the Allies of World War I, on one side, and Hungary, seen as a successor of Austria-Hungary, on the other....
 of 1920, most of the Banat
Banat

The Banat is a geographical and Historical regions of Central Europe currently divided between three countries: the eastern part lies in Romania , the western part in Serbia , and a small northern part in Hungary ....
 became part of Romania. Also Bukovina
Bukovina

Bukovina is a historical region on the northern slopes of the northeastern Carpathian Mountains and the adjoining plains. It is currently split between Romania and Ukraine....
 was incorporated in 1918.

Noble titles

The head of the royal house of Romania holds the title of:
  • King of the Romanians


The first degree descendants of the head of the royal house of Romania born within holy matrimony and in good standing hold the title of:
  • Prince or Princess of Romania
During the reign of Carol II of Romania
Carol II of Romania

Carol II reigned as King of Romania from June 8, 1930 until September 6, 1940. Eldest son of Ferdinand of Romania, King of Romania, and his wife, Marie of Edinburgh, a daughter of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, the second eldest son of Victoria of the United Kingdom....
 his son, Michael was styled "Maria Sa (M.S.) Marele Voievod de Alba Iulia" or the english translation "His Grace (H.G.) The Grand Voievod Of Alba Iulia". This was done because being a former King, Michael could not be styled again Crown Prince, so his father solved the problem with this agreement.

Styles

The Romanian original is: Majestatea Sa (M.S.) N.N., Regele Românilor (or Maiestatea Sa (M.S.) N.N., Regele României; both forms are accepted by the Romanian Academy
Romanian Academy

The Romanian Academy is a cultural forum founded in Romania in 1866. It covers the scientific, artistic and literary domains. The academy has 181 acting members who are elected for life....
)

The English translation is: His Majesty (H.M.) N.N., King of the Romanians

Coats of arms


Southern Germany


Major coat of arms (Gesamtwappen)

The combined coat of arms
Coat of arms

A coat of arms, more properly called an armorial achievement, armorial bearings or often just arms for short, in European tradition, is a design belonging to a particular person and used by them in a wide variety of ways....
 of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen is:

  • Escutcheon: quartering
    Quartering (heraldry)

    Quartering in heraldry is a method of joining several different coat of arms together in one Escutcheon by dividing the shield into equal parts and placing different coats of arms in each division....
     of the shield
    Shield

    A shield is a protective device, meant to intercept attacks. The term often refers to a device that is held in the hand, as opposed to armour or a bullet proof vest....
    , parted per pale, twice parted per fess, with an inescutcheon
    • first sixth: Burgraviate of Nuremberg
      Nuremberg

      Nuremberg is a city in the Germany State of Bavaria, in the Regierungsbezirk of Middle Franconia. It is situated on the Pegnitz River river and the Rhine?Main?Danube Canal and is Franconia's largest city....
       (1214), on or (gold) a lion rampant sable (black) and a bordure
      Bordure

      In heraldry, a bordure is a band of contrasting tincture forming a border around the edge of a shield, traditionally one-sixth as wide as the shield itself....
       of argent
      Argent

      In heraldry, argent is the tincture of silver , and belongs to the class of light tinctures, called "metals". It is very frequently depicted as white and usually considered interchangeable with it....
       (silver
      Silver

      Silver is a chemical element with the chemical symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it has the highest electrical conductivity of any element and the highest thermal conductivity of any metal....
      ) and gules
      Gules

      In heraldry, gules is the tincture with the colour red, and belongs to the class of dark tinctures called "colours". In engraving, it is sometimes depicted as a region of vertical lines or else marked with gu. as an abbreviation....
       (red
      Red

      Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 625?740 Nanometer....
      )
    • second sixth: Hereditary Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Empire
      Aulic Council

      The Aulic Council was originally an executive-judicial council for the Holy Roman Empire.Known in German language as the Reichshofrat it was one of the two supreme courts of the Empire, the other being the court...
       (1504), on gules (red, two crossed scepters in or
      Or (heraldry)

      In heraldry, or is the tincture of gold , and belongs to the class of light tinctures, called "metals". In engravings and line drawings, it may be represented using a pattern of dots....
       (gold
      Gold

      Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and atomic number 79. It is a highly sought-after precious metal, having been used as money, as a store of value, in jewelry, in sculpture, and for ornamentation since the beginning of recorded history....
      ) (*)
    • third sixth: Lordship of Haigerloch and Wehrstein
      Haigerloch

      Art = Stadt|Wappen = Wappen Haigerloch.png|lat_deg = 48 |lat_min = 21 |lat_sec = 53|lon_deg = 08 |lon_min = 48 |lon_sec = 18...
       (1634), parted per fess gules (red) and argent (silver) ** fourth sixth: Countship of Sigmaringen
      Sigmaringen

      Sigmaringen is a town in southern Germany, in the state of Baden-W?rttemberg. Situated on the upper Danube, it is the capital of the Sigmaringen ....
       (1535), on or (gold) a deer
      Deer

      Deer are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae . A number of broadly similar animals from related families within the order even-toed ungulate are often also called deer....
       gules (red) ** fifth sixth: Countship of Veringen
      Veringenstadt

      Veringenstadt is a town in the Sigmaringen , in Baden-W?rttemberg, Germany. It is situated 10 km north of Sigmaringen....
       (1535), on or (gold) three deerhorns horizontally with twice four, and once three antler
      Antler

      Antlers are the usually large and complex horn -like appendages of most deer species, mostly worn by males in true horns. Each antler grows from an attachment point on the skull called a pedicle....
      points gules (red) ** sixth sixth: Countship of Berg
      Berg

      Berg is the word for mountain in various Germanic languages, and may also refer to:In Germany:*Berg , a medieval territory in today's North Rhine-Westphalia...
       (1781), on argent (white) a lion rampant
      Lion

      The lion is a member of the family Felidae and one of four big cats in the genus Panthera. With exceptionally large males exceeding 250 kg in weight, it is the second-largest living cat after the tiger....
       gules (red) and a bordure of sable (black) with roundel
      Roundel

      A roundel in heraldry is any circular shape; in military use it is an emblem of nationality employed on military aircraft and air force flags, generally round and consisting of concentric rings of different colours....
      s or (gold) ** inescutcheon: Countship of Zollern
      Zollern

      Zollern, or Hohenzollern, was a county of the Holy Roman Empire. Its ruling dynasty was the House of Hohenzollern, which started with Tassilo von Zolorin....
       (1061), quarterly sable (black) and argent (silver)
  • helm
    Helm

    |-|align=right| |}Helm may refer to:a ship's steering mechanism; see tiller and steering wheel . Derived meanings:* The verb meaning steering as in "to helm a yacht"....
    : or (gold) a helmet barred and affronté (sovereign), crowned with a coronet
    Coronet

    A coronet is a small Crown consisting of ornaments fixed on a metal ring. Unlike a crown, a coronet never has arches.The word stems from the Old French coronete, a diminutive of coronne , itself from the Latin corona ....
     of a German prince (Fürstenkrone)
  • crest
    Crest (heraldry)

    A crest is a component of an heraldry display, so called because it stands on top of a helmet, as the crest of a jay stands on the bird's head....
    : sable (black) and argent (white) a head and shoulders of a German hound
    Hound

    A hound is a Dog type of dog that assists hunters by tracking or chasing the prey. It can be contrasted with the gun dog, which assists hunters by identifying the location of prey, and with the retriever, which recovers shot quarry....
     (Deutsche Bracke) (1317)
  • wreath
    Wreath

    A wreath is a circle made of flowers, leaf and sometimes fruits that can be used as an ornament, hanging on a wall or door, or resting on a table....
    : sable (black) and argent (white)
  • mantling
    Mantling

    In heraldry, mantling or lambrequin is drapery tied to the helmet above the shield. It forms a backdrop for the shield. In paper heraldry it is a depiction of the protective cloth covering worn by knights from their helmets to stave off the elements, and, secondarily, to decrease the effects of sword-blows against the helmet in battle,...
    : manteld sable (black), doubled argent (white) upon a crowned (Fürstenkrone) baldeqin gules (red), doubled ermine
    Ermine

    Ermine has several meanings:-*The name for the stoat when it is in its white winter pelage; in North America also the most usual common name for the species, though it is also called the short-tailed weasel)....
  • motto
    Motto

    A motto is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group or organization. A motto may be in any language, but Latin is the most used....
    :
    • until the 19th century: Hie guet Zollere allwege
      House of Hohenzollern

      The House of Hohenzollern is a noble family and royal dynasty of Prince-elector, kings, and emperors of Prussia, Germany, and Romania. It originated in the area around the town of Hechingen in Swabia during the 11th century....
       (We were always good Zollern)
    • from the 19th century onwards: NIHIL SINE DEO
      Nihil Sine Deo

      Nihil Sine Deo, Latin for "Nothing without God", is used as a motto by the German Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen royal family.This formula was the motto of the Kingdom of Romania, while ruled by the Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen dynasty ....
       (Nothing without God)


Family coat of arms (Gesamt- mit Hauswappen)

The combined coat of arms
Coat of arms

A coat of arms, more properly called an armorial achievement, armorial bearings or often just arms for short, in European tradition, is a design belonging to a particular person and used by them in a wide variety of ways....
 with inclusion of the House coat of arms of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen is:

  • Escutcheon: quartering
    Quartering (heraldry)

    Quartering in heraldry is a method of joining several different coat of arms together in one Escutcheon by dividing the shield into equal parts and placing different coats of arms in each division....
     of the shield
    Shield

    A shield is a protective device, meant to intercept attacks. The term often refers to a device that is held in the hand, as opposed to armour or a bullet proof vest....
    , parted per pale, twice parted per fess, with an inescutcheon
    • first sixth: Burgraviate of Nuremberg
      Nuremberg

      Nuremberg is a city in the Germany State of Bavaria, in the Regierungsbezirk of Middle Franconia. It is situated on the Pegnitz River river and the Rhine?Main?Danube Canal and is Franconia's largest city....
       (1214), on or (gold) a lion rampant sable (black) and a bordure
      Bordure

      In heraldry, a bordure is a band of contrasting tincture forming a border around the edge of a shield, traditionally one-sixth as wide as the shield itself....
       of argent
      Argent

      In heraldry, argent is the tincture of silver , and belongs to the class of light tinctures, called "metals". It is very frequently depicted as white and usually considered interchangeable with it....
       (silver
      Silver

      Silver is a chemical element with the chemical symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it has the highest electrical conductivity of any element and the highest thermal conductivity of any metal....
      ) and gules
      Gules

      In heraldry, gules is the tincture with the colour red, and belongs to the class of dark tinctures called "colours". In engraving, it is sometimes depicted as a region of vertical lines or else marked with gu. as an abbreviation....
       (red
      Red

      Red is any of a number of similar colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of light discernible by the human eye, in the wavelength range of roughly 625?740 Nanometer....
      )
    • second sixth: Hereditary Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Empire, on gules (red, two crossed scepters in or
      Or (heraldry)

      In heraldry, or is the tincture of gold , and belongs to the class of light tinctures, called "metals". In engravings and line drawings, it may be represented using a pattern of dots....
       (gold
      Gold

      Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and atomic number 79. It is a highly sought-after precious metal, having been used as money, as a store of value, in jewelry, in sculpture, and for ornamentation since the beginning of recorded history....
      ) (*)
    • third sixth: Lordship of Haigerloch and Wehrstein
      Haigerloch

      Art = Stadt|Wappen = Wappen Haigerloch.png|lat_deg = 48 |lat_min = 21 |lat_sec = 53|lon_deg = 08 |lon_min = 48 |lon_sec = 18...
       (1634), parted per fess gules (red) and argent (silver) ** fourth sixth: Countship of Sigmaringen
      Sigmaringen

      Sigmaringen is a town in southern Germany, in the state of Baden-W?rttemberg. Situated on the upper Danube, it is the capital of the Sigmaringen ....
       (1535), on gules (red) a deer
      Deer

      Deer are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae . A number of broadly similar animals from related families within the order even-toed ungulate are often also called deer....
       or (gold)** fifth sixth: Countship of Veringen (1535), on or (gold) three dearhorns horizontally with twice four, and once three antler
      Antler

      Antlers are the usually large and complex horn -like appendages of most deer species, mostly worn by males in true horns. Each antler grows from an attachment point on the skull called a pedicle....
      points gules (red) ** sixth sixth: Countship of Berg
      Berg

      Berg is the word for mountain in various Germanic languages, and may also refer to:In Germany:*Berg , a medieval territory in today's North Rhine-Westphalia...
       (1781), on argent (white) a lion rampant gules (red) and a bordure of sable (black) with roundel
      Roundel

      A roundel in heraldry is any circular shape; in military use it is an emblem of nationality employed on military aircraft and air force flags, generally round and consisting of concentric rings of different colours....
      s or (gold) ** inescutcheon: Countship of Zollern
      Zollern

      Zollern, or Hohenzollern, was a county of the Holy Roman Empire. Its ruling dynasty was the House of Hohenzollern, which started with Tassilo von Zolorin....
       (1061), quarterly sable (black) and argent (silver)
  • helm
    Helm

    |-|align=right| |}Helm may refer to:a ship's steering mechanism; see tiller and steering wheel . Derived meanings:* The verb meaning steering as in "to helm a yacht"....
    : seven particular helmets, equivalent to the seven particular coat of arms (Hohenzollern, Nuremberg, Sigmaringen, Veringen, Berg, Haigerloch and Wehrstein)
  • crest
    Crest (heraldry)

    A crest is a component of an heraldry display, so called because it stands on top of a helmet, as the crest of a jay stands on the bird's head....
    : seven particular crests, equivalent to the seven particular coat of arms (Hohenzollern, Nuremberg, Sigmaringen, Veringen, Berg, Haigerloch and Wehrstein)
  • wreath
    Wreath

    A wreath is a circle made of flowers, leaf and sometimes fruits that can be used as an ornament, hanging on a wall or door, or resting on a table....
    : sable (black) and argent (white)
  • mantling
    Mantling

    In heraldry, mantling or lambrequin is drapery tied to the helmet above the shield. It forms a backdrop for the shield. In paper heraldry it is a depiction of the protective cloth covering worn by knights from their helmets to stave off the elements, and, secondarily, to decrease the effects of sword-blows against the helmet in battle,...
    : manteld sable (black), doubled argent (white)
  • supporter: two German hounds
  • compartment
    Compartment

    In heraldry, a compartment is a design placed under the Shield , usually rocks, a grassy mount, or some sort of other landscape upon which the supporters are depicted as standing....
    : grass
    Grass

    Grass is the common word that generally describes monocotyledonous green plants. The family Poaceae are the "true grasses" and include most plants grown as grains, for pasture, and for lawns ....
    y


(*) Eitel Frederick II, count of Hohenzollern and Burgrave of Nuremberg became Hereditary Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Empire by appointment of Joachim I, elector and margrave of Brandenburg, Arch-Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Empire, and confirmed by Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor.

Romania


The major coat of arms of the kingdom of the Romanians consisted, from 1922 onwards, in its:

  • an escutcheon of the combination of the territories of :
    • Walachia ** Moldavia
      Moldavia

      Moldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river....
       ** Northern Dobruja
      Northern Dobruja

      Northern Dobruja is the part of Dobruja within the borders of Romania. It lies between the lower Danube river and the Black Sea, bordered in south by Bulgarian Southern Dobruja....
       ** Transylvania
      Transylvania

      Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountains, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term frequently encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical regions of Crisana, Maramures, and Banat....
       or Siebenbürgen
      Siebenbürgen

      Siebenb?rgen may refer to:*Transylvania*Siebenb?rgen ...
       ** Bessarabia
      Bessarabia

      Bessarabia is a historical term for the geographic entity in Eastern Europe bounded by the Dniester River on the east and the Prut River on the west....
       ** Banat
      Banat

      The Banat is a geographical and Historical regions of Central Europe currently divided between three countries: the eastern part lies in Romania , the western part in Serbia , and a small northern part in Hungary ....
       ** Oltenia
      Oltenia

      Oltenia is a historical province and geographical region of Romania, in western Wallachia. It is situated between the Danube, the Southern Carpathians and the Olt River river ....
       ** Bucovina ** an inescutcheon of the House of Hohenzollern
      House of Hohenzollern

      The House of Hohenzollern is a noble family and royal dynasty of Prince-elector, kings, and emperors of Prussia, Germany, and Romania. It originated in the area around the town of Hechingen in Swabia during the 11th century....
       (quarterly sable (black) and argent (silver)
  • helm
    Helm

    |-|align=right| |}Helm may refer to:a ship's steering mechanism; see tiller and steering wheel . Derived meanings:* The verb meaning steering as in "to helm a yacht"....
    : The Steel Crown of Romania
  • mantling
    Mantling

    In heraldry, mantling or lambrequin is drapery tied to the helmet above the shield. It forms a backdrop for the shield. In paper heraldry it is a depiction of the protective cloth covering worn by knights from their helmets to stave off the elements, and, secondarily, to decrease the effects of sword-blows against the helmet in battle,...
    : a crowned baldeqin gules (red), doubled ermine
    Ermine

    Ermine has several meanings:-*The name for the stoat when it is in its white winter pelage; in North America also the most usual common name for the species, though it is also called the short-tailed weasel)....
  • motto
    Motto

    A motto is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group or organization. A motto may be in any language, but Latin is the most used....
    : NIHIL SINE DEO
    Nihil Sine Deo

    Nihil Sine Deo, Latin for "Nothing without God", is used as a motto by the German Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen royal family.This formula was the motto of the Kingdom of Romania, while ruled by the Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen dynasty ....
     (Nothing without God)
  • supporter: two rampant lions
  • compartment
    Compartment

    In heraldry, a compartment is a design placed under the Shield , usually rocks, a grassy mount, or some sort of other landscape upon which the supporters are depicted as standing....
    : ground


Rulers


Members of the House of Hohezollern reigned as monarchs in Europe.

Southern Germany


Counts (Graf) of Hohenzollern (1576-1623)

  • Karl II 1576–1606
  • Johann 1606–1623


Princes (Fürst) of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1623-1849)

  • Johann 1623–1638
  • Meinrad I 1638–1681
  • Maximilian 1681–1689
  • Meinrad II 1689–1715
  • Joseph Franz Ernst 1715–1769
  • Karl Friedrich 1769–1785
  • Anton Aloys 1785–1831
  • Karl 1831–1848
  • Karl Anton 1848–1849


Claimants (1849-present)
Placard Leopold of Hohenzollern Sigmaringen
  • Karl Anton 1849–1885 (became Prince (Fürst) of Hohenzollern on the death of the last Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen in 1869)
  • Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen 1885–1905
  • Prince Wilhelm of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen 1905–1927
  • Prince Friedrich of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
    Friedrich, Prince of Hohenzollern

    Frederick, Prince of Hohenzollern was born on 30 August 1891 in Heiligendamm, Mecklenburg-Schwerin and died on 6 February 1965 in Krauchenwies, Baden-W?rttemberg, Germany....
     1927–1965
  • Prince Friedrich Wilhelm of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen 1965–present
  • Hereditary Prince Karl Friedrich of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
    Karl Friedrich, Hereditary Prince of Hohenzollern

    Karl Friedrich, Hereditary Prince of Hohenzollern was born on 20 April 1952 in Sigmaringen, Baden-W?rttemberg, Germany. He is the eldest son of Frederick William, Prince of Hohenzollern and Princess Margarita of Leiningen and heir to the headship of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen....
     (heir apparent
    Heir apparent

    An heir apparent is an heir who cannot be displaced from inheriting; the term is used in contrast to heir presumptive, the term for a conditional heir who is currently in line to inherit but could be displaced at any time in the future....
    )
  • Prince Alexander of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
    Prince Alexander of Hohenzollern

    Prince Alexander of Hohenzollern is a member of the Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. Alexander is the eldest son of Karl Friedrich, Hereditary Prince of Hohenzollern and Countess Alexandra Schenck von Stauffenberg....
     (Second in line)


Romania


Princes of Romania (1866-1881)

  • Carol I
    Carol I of Romania

    Carol I of Romania, original name Prince Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern , German prince, was elected Domnitor of Romania on 20 April 1866 following the overthrow of Alexander John Cuza by a palace coup; following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkis...
     1866–1881


King of the Romanians (1881-1947)

  • Carol I
    Carol I of Romania

    Carol I of Romania, original name Prince Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern , German prince, was elected Domnitor of Romania on 20 April 1866 following the overthrow of Alexander John Cuza by a palace coup; following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkis...
     1881–1914
  • Ferdinand 1914–1927
  • Michael 1927–1930
  • Carol II
    Carol II of Romania

    Carol II reigned as King of Romania from June 8, 1930 until September 6, 1940. Eldest son of Ferdinand of Romania, King of Romania, and his wife, Marie of Edinburgh, a daughter of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, the second eldest son of Victoria of the United Kingdom....
     1930–1940
  • Michael 1940–1947


Claimants (1947-present)

  • Michael
    Michael I of Romania

    Michael reigned as King of Romania from July 20, 1927 to June 8, 1930, and again from September 6, 1940, until forced to abdicate by the Communist Party of Romania backed up by orders of Stalin to the Soviet armies of occupation on December 30, 1947....
     1947-present
  • Friedrich Wilhelm, Prince of Hohenzollern (heir presumptive
    Heir Presumptive

    An heir presumptive is the person provisionally scheduled to inherit a throne, peerage, or other hereditary honor, but whose position can be displaced by the birth of an heir apparent or of a new heir presumptive with a better claim to the throne....
    )


See also

  • Sigmaringen
    Sigmaringen

    Sigmaringen is a town in southern Germany, in the state of Baden-W?rttemberg. Situated on the upper Danube, it is the capital of the Sigmaringen ....
  • Line of succession to the Romanian throne
    Line of succession to the Romanian throne

    The succession order to the throne of Romania depends on the interpretation of the applicable laws, either the Romanian kingdom's last democratic constitution, that of 1923, or the new Statute of the Royal House of Romania, named Fundamental Rules of the Romanian Royal House, privately enacted by King Michael I of Romania on 30 December 2007 in...


External links