Hochelaga was a
St. Lawrence IroquoianThe St. Lawrence Iroquoians lived, until the late 16th century, along the shores of the St. Lawrence River in Quebec and Ontario, Canada, and in New York State, United States. What little is known of the St...
fortified village near present-day
MontrealMontreal is the second-largest city in Canada and the largest city in the province of Quebec. Originally called Ville-Marie , the city takes its present name from Mont-Royal, the triple-peaked hill located in the heart of the city, whose name was also initially given to the island on which the...
,
QuebecQuebec is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking identity and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level....
,
CanadaCanada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
. Its first
EuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus Mountains , and the Black Sea to the southeast...
an contact was by a
FrenchFrance , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
expedition led by
Jacques CartierJacques Cartier was a French explorer who claimed what is now Canada for France. He was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River, which he named "The Country of Canadas", after the Iroquois names for the two big settlements he saw...
in 1535. The village still existed when Cartier revisited the region a few years later.
However, by the time of the arrival of Samuel de Champlain and the founding of Quebec in 1608, and subsequently that of
Ville-MarieVille-Marie is:*a town in Quebec: see Ville-Marie, Quebec*the original name for the settlement that would later become Montreal, Quebec*a borough of Montreal; see Ville-Marie, Montreal....
in 1642 by Paul Chomedey, sieur de Maisonneuve, which later became the present-day city of Montreal, there was no longer any trace of the St.
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Hochelaga was a
St. Lawrence IroquoianThe St. Lawrence Iroquoians lived, until the late 16th century, along the shores of the St. Lawrence River in Quebec and Ontario, Canada, and in New York State, United States. What little is known of the St...
fortified village near present-day
MontrealMontreal is the second-largest city in Canada and the largest city in the province of Quebec. Originally called Ville-Marie , the city takes its present name from Mont-Royal, the triple-peaked hill located in the heart of the city, whose name was also initially given to the island on which the...
,
QuebecQuebec is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking identity and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level....
,
CanadaCanada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
. Its first
EuropeEurope is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus Mountains , and the Black Sea to the southeast...
an contact was by a
FrenchFrance , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
expedition led by
Jacques CartierJacques Cartier was a French explorer who claimed what is now Canada for France. He was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River, which he named "The Country of Canadas", after the Iroquois names for the two big settlements he saw...
in 1535. The village still existed when Cartier revisited the region a few years later.
However, by the time of the arrival of Samuel de Champlain and the founding of Quebec in 1608, and subsequently that of
Ville-MarieVille-Marie is:*a town in Quebec: see Ville-Marie, Quebec*the original name for the settlement that would later become Montreal, Quebec*a borough of Montreal; see Ville-Marie, Montreal....
in 1642 by Paul Chomedey, sieur de Maisonneuve, which later became the present-day city of Montreal, there was no longer any trace of the St. Lawrence Iroquoians who were visited by Jacques Cartier some 75 years earlier, including those who had inhabited Hochelaga. Their disappearance has spawned several theories, including devastating wars with the Iroquois tribes to the south or with the Hurons to the West, the impact of Old World diseases, or their migration westward toward the shores of the Great Lakes.
Archeological evidence points most strongly to devastating wars with the neighbouring Mohawk, Iroquois and Huron tribes in an attempt to control the trade routes with Europeans. In the mid to late 16th century, the St. Lawrence Valley had probably become a very dangerous area and the St. Lawrence Iroquoians seemingly paid the price. It would also appear that some of the St. Lawrence Iroquoian survivors were probably taken in by the neighbouring Huron, Mohawk and Algonquin tribes, by force or by mutual agreement.
At the time of Samuel de Champlain's arrival, both Algonquins and Mohawks hunted in the Saint-Lawrence Valley and conducted raids, but neither had any permanent settlements. The exact location of Hochelaga remains unknown.
Hochelaga-MaisonneuveHochelaga-Maisonneuve is a district of Montreal, Quebec, situated on the eastern half of the island, generally to the south and south-west of the city's Olympic Stadium. A part of the borough of Mercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, its borders are roughly rue Moreau to the west, rue Sherbrooke to the...
is now a neighbourhood of Montreal.