Histogenesis

	Email		Print
	Bookmark		Link

Histogenesis

Histogenesis is the formation of different tissues

Biological tissue

Tissue is a cellular organizational level intermediate between cells and a complete organism. Hence, a tissue is an ensemble of cells, not necessarily identical, but from the same origin, that together carry out a specific function....
from undifferentiated cells

Cell (biology)

The cell is the structural and functional unit of all known Life organisms. It is the smallest unit of an organism that is classified as living, and is often called the building bricks of life....
. These cells are constituents of three primary germ layer

Germ layer

A germ layer is a group of cell s, formed during animal embryogenesis. Germ layers are particularly pronounced in the vertebrates; however, all animals more complex than sea sponge produce two or three primary tissue layers ....
s, the endoderm

Endoderm

Endoderm, is one of the germ layers formed during animal embryogenesis. Cells migrating inward along the archenteron from the inner layer of the gastrula, which develops into the endoderm....
, mesoderm

Mesoderm

One of the three germ layers found in the embryos of animals more complex than cnidarians, making them triploblastic. Mesoderm forms in the embryo during gastrulation when some of the cells migrating inward to form the endoderm, produce an additional layer that lies between the endoderm and the ectoderm....
, and ectoderm

Ectoderm

Discussion

Ask a question about 'Histogenesis'

Start a new discussion about 'Histogenesis'

Answer questions from other users

Full Discussion Forum

Encyclopedia

Histogenesis is the formation of different tissues

Biological tissue

Cell (biology)

Germ layer

Endoderm

Mesoderm

Ectoderm

The ectoderm is the start of a tissue that covers the body surfaces. It emerges first and forms from the outermost of the germ layers.Generally speaking, the ectoderm differentiates to form the nervous system, Epidermis , and the outer part of integumentary system....
. The science of the microscopic structures of the tissues formed within histogenesis is termed histology

Histology

Histology is the study of the anatomy of cell and tissue of plants and animals. It is performed by examining a thin slice of tissue under a light microscope or electron microscope....
.

Germ layers

A germ layer is a collection of cell

Cell (biology)

The cell is the structural and functional unit of all known Life organisms. It is the smallest unit of an organism that is classified as living, and is often called the building bricks of life....
s, formed during animal and mammalian embryogenesis

Embryogenesis

Embryogenesis is the process by which the embryo is formed and develops. It starts with the fertilization of the ovum, egg, which, after fertilization, is then called a zygote....
. Germ layers are typically pronounced within vertebrate

Vertebrate

Vertebrates are members of the subphylum Vertebrata, chordates with Vertebras or Vertebral columns. The grouping sometimes includes the hagfish, which have no vertebrae, but are genetically quite closely related to lampreys, which do have vertebrae....
organisms; however,animal

Animal

Animals are a major group of multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the Kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their life....
s or mammals more complex than sponge

Sea sponge

The sponges or poriferans are animals of the phylum Porifera . Their bodies consist of an outer thin layer of cells, the pinacoderm and an inner mass of cells and skeletal elements, the choanoderm....
s (eumetazoa

Eumetazoa

Eumetazoa is a clade comprising all major animal groups except sponges. Characteristics of eumetazoans include true Biological tissue organized into germ layers, and an embryo that goes through a gastrula stage....
ns and agnotozoans) produce two or three primary tissue layers. Animals with radial symmetry

Symmetry (biology)

Symmetry in biology is the balanced distribution of duplicate body parts or shapes. The body plans of most multicellular organisms exhibit some form of symmetry, either radial symmetry or bilateral symmetry or glide symmetry....
, such as cnidaria

Cnidaria

Cnidaria Cnidarians were for a long time grouped with Ctenophores in the phylum Coelenterata, but increasing awareness of their differences caused them to be placed in separate phyla....
ns, produce two layers, called the ectoderm

Ectoderm

Endoderm

Symmetry (biology)

Mesoderm

Biological tissue

Organ (anatomy)

In biology, an organ is a biological tissue that performs a specific function or group of functions. Usually there is a main tissue and sporadic tissues....
s through a process called organogenesis

Organogenesis

In embryogenesis, organogenesis is the process by which the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm develop into the internal organs of the organism. Internal organs initiate development in humans within the 3rd to 8th weeks in utero.The germ layers in organogenesis differ by three processes: folds, splits, and condensation....
.

Endoderm

The endoderm is one of the germ layers formed during animal embryogenesis. Cells migrating inward along the archenteron

Archenteron

The primitive gut that forms during gastrulation in the developing blastula is known as the archenteron. It develops into the digestive tract of an animal....
form the inner layer of the gastrula, which develops into the endoderm

Endoderm

Mesoderm

The mesoderm germ layer forms in the embryo

Embryo

An embryo is a multicellular organism ploidy eukaryote in its earliest stage of development, from the time of first cell division until birth, Egg , or germination....
s of animal

Animal

Mammal

Mammals are a class of vertebrate animals whose name is derived from their distinctive feature, mammary glands, with which they feed their young....
s more complex than cnidaria

Cnidaria

Gastrulation

Gastrulation is a phase early in the development of animal embryos, during which the morphology of the embryo is dramatically restructured by cell migration....
, some of the cells migrating inward to form the endoderm

Endoderm

Ectoderm

The ectoderm is the start of a tissue that covers the body surfaces. It emerges first and forms from the outermost of the germ layers.Generally speaking, the ectoderm differentiates to form the nervous system, Epidermis , and the outer part of integumentary system....
. This key innovation evolved hundreds of millions of years ago and led to the evolution of nearly all large, complex animals. The formation of a mesoderm led to the formation of a coelom

Body cavity

By the broadest definition, a body cavity is any fluid filled space in a multicellular organism. However, the term usually refers to the space, located between an animal?s outer covering and the outer lining of the gut cavity, where internal organs develop....
. Organs formed inside a coelom can freely move, grow, and develop independently of the body wall while fluid cushions and protects them from shocks.

Ectoderm

The ectoderm is the start of a tissue that covers the body surfaces. It emerges first and forms from the outermost of the germ layer

Germ layer

Production

The proceeding graph represents the products produced by the three germ layers.

Germ Layer	Category	Product
Endoderm	General	Gastrointestinal tract Gastrointestinal tract The digestive tract is the system of Organ s within multicellular animals that takes in food, digestion it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste....
Endodern	General	Respiratory tract Respiratory tract In humans the respiratory tract is the part of the anatomy that has to do with the process of Respiration .The respiratory tract is divided into 3 segments:...
Endoderm	General	Endocrine glands and organs (liver Liver The liver is a vital organ present in vertebrates and some other animals; it has a wide range of functions, a few of which are detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of biochemicals necessary for digestion.... and pancreas Pancreas The pancreas is a gland Organ in the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates. It is both an endocrine gland , as well as an exocrine gland, secreting pancreatic juice containing Digestion enzymes that pass to the small intestine.... )
Mesoderm	General	Bones
Mesoderm	General	Most of the Circulatory system Circulatory system The circulatory system is an organ that moves nutrients, gases, and wastes to and from cells to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis....
Mesoderm	General	Connective tissue Connective tissue Connective tissue is a form of fibrous biological tissue.It is one of the four types of tissue in traditional classifications .Collagen is the main protein of connective tissue in animals and the most abundant protein in mammals, making up about 25% of the total protein content.... s of the gut and integuments Integumentary system The integumentary system is the organ system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its appendages. The integumentary system has a variety of functions; it may serve to waterproof, cushion and protect the deeper tissues, excrete wastes, regulate temperature and is the location of receptors for pain, sensation, pressu...
Mesoderm	General	Excretory Tract Gastrointestinal tract The digestive tract is the system of Organ s within multicellular animals that takes in food, digestion it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste....
Mesoderm	General	Mesenchyme Mesenchyme Mesenchyme is a type of loose connective tissue, of mesodermal origin and located within the embryo mesoderm, consisting of a ground substance Matrix containing a loose aggregate of unspecialized cell which are capable of developing into connective tissue, bone, cartilage, the lymphatic system, and the circulatory system....
Mesoderm	General	Mesothelium Mesothelium The mesothelium is a membrane that forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura , peritoneum and pericardium . Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male internal reproductive organs and covers the internal reproductive organs of women ....
Mesoderm	General	Muscles Muscular system The muscular system is the anatomical system of a species that allows it to move. The muscular system in vertebrates is controlled through the nervous system, although some muscles can be completely autonomous....
Mesoderm	Gemeral	Peritoneum Peritoneum In higher vertebrates, the peritoneum is the serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdomen — it covers most of the intra-abdominal organs....
Mesoderm	General	Reproductive System Reproductive system The reproductive system is a system of Organ within an organism which work together for the purpose of reproduction. Many non-living substances such as fluids, hormones, and pheromones are also important accessories to the reproductive system....
Mesoderm	General	Urinary System Urinary system The urinary system is the organ system that produces, stores, and eliminates urine. In humans it includes two kidneys, two ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra....
Mesoderm	Vertebrate	Chordamesoderm Chordamesoderm Chordamesoderm, also known as axial mesoderm, is a type of mesoderm that lies along the central axis, under the neural tube.* will give rise to notochord...
Mesoderm	Vertebrate	Paraxial mesoderm Paraxial mesoderm Paraxial mesoderm is the area of mesoderm that forms just lateral to the neural tube on both sides.It gives rise to the somitomeres/somites and mesoderm of the branchial arches....
Mesoderm	Vertebrate	Intermediate mesoderm Intermediate mesoderm Intermediate mesoderm is a type of mesoderm that is located between the paraxial mesoderm and the lateral plate.It develops into the part of the urogenital system ...
Mesoderm	Vertebrate	Lateral plate mesoderm Lateral plate mesoderm Lateral plate mesoderm is a type of mesoderm that is found at the periphery of the embryo....
Ectoderm	General	Nervous system Nervous system The nervous system is a Neural network of specialized cells that communicate information about an animal's surroundings and itself. It processes this information and causes reactions in other parts of the body....
Ectoderm	General	Outer part of integument Integumentary system The integumentary system is the organ system that protects the body from damage, comprising the skin and its appendages. The integumentary system has a variety of functions; it may serve to waterproof, cushion and protect the deeper tissues, excrete wastes, regulate temperature and is the location of receptors for pain, sensation, pressu...
Ectoderm	Vertebrate	Skin Skin The skin is the outer covering of the body, also known as the epidermis. It is the largest organ of the integumentary system made up of multiple layers of epithelial biological tissue, and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments and organ s.... (along with glands, hair Hair Hair is a protein filament that epidermal growth from hair follicle deep within the dermis. The fine, soft hair found on many nonhuman mammals is typically called fur; wool is the characteristically curly hair found on sheep and goats.... , nails Nail (anatomy) A nail is a horn -like structure at the end of an animal's finger or toe. See also claw.... )
Ectoderm	Vertebrate	Epithelium Epithelium In biology and medicine, epithelium is a Biological tissue composed of cell s that line the cavities and surfaces of structures throughout the body.... of the mouth Mouth The mouth, buccal cavity, or oral cavity is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and begins digestion by mechanically breaking up the solid food particles into smaller pieces and mixing them with saliva.... and nasal cavity Nasal cavity The nasal cavity is a large air-filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face....
Ectoderm	Vertebrate	Lens and cornea Cornea The cornea is the transparency front part of the eye that covers the Iris , pupil, and anterior chamber. Together with the cilliary muscles, the cornea reflects light, and as a result helps the eye to dilate, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power.... of the eye Eye Eyes are Organ that detect light, and send signals along the optic nerve to the visual system and other areas of the brain. Complex optical systems with resolving power have come in ten fundamentally different forms, and 96% of animal species possess a complex optical system....
Ectoderm	Vertebrate	Melanocytes
Ectoderm	Vertebrate	Peripheral nervous system Peripheral nervous system The peripheral nervous system resides or extends outside the central nervous system , which consists of the brain and spinal cord. The main function of the PNS is to connect the CNS to the limbs and organs....
Ectoderm	Vertebrate	Facial cartilage Cartilage Cartilage is a type of dense connective tissue. It is composed of specialized cells called chondrocyte that produce a large amount of extracellular matrix composed of collagen fibers, abundant ground substance rich in proteoglycan, and elastin fibers....
Ectoderm	Vertebrate	Dentin Dentin Dentin is a calcified tissue of the body, and along with tooth enamel, cementum, and pulp is one of the four major components of teeth. Usually, it is covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root and surrounds the entire pulp.... (in teeth)
Ectoderm	Vertebrate	Brain Brain The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals. Some primitive animals such as cnidarian and echinoderm have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all.... (rhombencephalon Rhombencephalon The rhombencephalon is a Morphogenesis categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates.The rhombencephalon can be subdivided in a variable number of transversal swellings called rhombomeres.... , mesencephalon Mesencephalon In biological anatomy, the mesencephalon comprises the tectum , tegmentum, the ventricular mesocoelia , and the cerebral peduncles, as well as several nuclei and fasciculi.... and prosencephalon Prosencephalon In the anatomy of the brain of vertebrates, the prosencephalon is the rostral-most portion of the brain. The prosencephalon, the mesencephalon , and rhombencephalon are the three primary portions of the brain during early developmental biology of the central nervous system.... )
Ectoderm	Vertebrate	Spinal cord Spinal cord The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of neuron and glia that extends from the brain. The brain and spinal cord together make up the central nervous system.... and motor neuron Motor neuron In vertebrates, the term motor neuron classically applies to neurons located in the central nervous system that project their axons outside the CNS and directly or indirectly control muscles.... s
Ectoderm	Vertebrate	Retina Retina The vertebrate retina is a light sensitive tissue lining the inner surface of the eye. The optics of the eye create an image of the visual world on the retina, which serves much the same function as the film in a camera....
Ectoderm	Vertebrate	Posterior pituitary Posterior pituitary The posterior pituitary comprises the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and is part of the endocrine system....

Histogenesis

Germ layers

Endoderm

Mesoderm

Ectoderm

Production

See also

External links