Highland Park, New Jersey
Encyclopedia
Highland Park is a borough
Borough (New Jersey)
A borough in the context of New Jersey local government refers to one of five types and one of eleven forms of municipal government....

 in Middlesex County
Middlesex County, New Jersey
-Demographics:As of the census of 2000, there were 750,162 people, 265,815 households, and 190,855 families residing in the county. The population density was 2,422 people per square mile . There were 273,637 housing units at an average density of 884 per square mile...

, New Jersey
New Jersey
New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. , its population was 8,791,894. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania and on the southwest by Delaware...

, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough population was 13,982.

Highland Park was formed as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature
New Jersey Legislature
The New Jersey Legislature is the legislative branch of the government of the U.S. state of New Jersey. In its current form, as defined by the New Jersey Constitution of 1947, the Legislature consists of two houses: the General Assembly and the Senate...

 on March 15, 1905, when it broke away from the then Raritan Township (present-day Edison
Edison, New Jersey
Edison Township is a township in Middlesex County, New Jersey. What is now Edison Township was originally incorporated as Raritan Township by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 17, 1870, from portions of both Piscataway Township and Woodbridge Township...

).

Geography

Highland Park is located at 40.500254°N 74.425700°W (40.500254, -74.425700).

According to the United States Census Bureau
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...

, the borough has a total area of 1.84 square miles (4.8 km²), all of it land.

Highland Park received its name for its "park like" setting, on the high land of the banks of the Raritan River
Raritan River
The Raritan River is a major river of central New Jersey in the United States. Its watershed drains much of the mountainous area of the central part of the state, emptying into the Raritan Bay on the Atlantic Ocean.-Description:...

, overlooking New Brunswick. Highland Park borders Edison
Edison, New Jersey
Edison Township is a township in Middlesex County, New Jersey. What is now Edison Township was originally incorporated as Raritan Township by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 17, 1870, from portions of both Piscataway Township and Woodbridge Township...

, New Brunswick
New Brunswick, New Jersey
New Brunswick is a city in Middlesex County, New Jersey, USA. It is the county seat and the home of Rutgers University. The city is located on the Northeast Corridor rail line, southwest of Manhattan, on the southern bank of the Raritan River. At the 2010 United States Census, the population of...

, and Piscataway
Piscataway Township, New Jersey
The township consists of the following historic villages and areas: New Market, known as Quibbletown in the 18th Century, Randolphville, Fieldville and North Stelton...

.

Demographics

As of the 2010 Census, Highland Park had a population of 13,982. The median age was 34.8. The racial and ethnic composition of the population was 68.3% White, 7.8% Black or African American, 0.1% Native American, 17.8% Asian, 3.3% some other race and 2.6% reporting two or more races. 9.0% were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

As of the census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

of 2000, there were 13,999 people, 5,899 households, and 3,409 families residing in the borough. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

 was 7,614.1 people per square mile (2,937.5/km2). There were 6,071 housing units at an average density of 3,302.0 per square mile (1,273.9/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 72.06% White, 7.94% African American, 0.11% Native American, 13.63% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 3.59% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, and 2.59% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.18% of the population.

Of residents reporting their ancestry, 9.8% were of Italian
Italian American
An Italian American , is an American of Italian ancestry. The designation may also refer to someone possessing Italian and American dual citizenship...

, 9.1% Irish
Irish American
Irish Americans are citizens of the United States who can trace their ancestry to Ireland. A total of 36,278,332 Americans—estimated at 11.9% of the total population—reported Irish ancestry in the 2008 American Community Survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau...

, 8.1% German
German American
German Americans are citizens of the United States of German ancestry and comprise about 51 million people, or 17% of the U.S. population, the country's largest self-reported ancestral group...

 , 7.8% Russian
Russian American
Russian Americans are primarily Americans who traces their ancestry to Russia. The definition can be applied to recent Russian immigrants to the United States, as well as to settlers of 19th century Russian settlements in northwestern America which includes today's California, Alaska and...

, 7.5% Polish
Polish American
A Polish American , is a citizen of the United States of Polish descent. There are an estimated 10 million Polish Americans, representing about 3.2% of the population of the United States...

 and 69.3% spoke English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...

, 7.5% Spanish
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...

, 6.3% Chinese
Standard Mandarin
Standard Chinese or Modern Standard Chinese, also known as Mandarin or Putonghua, is the official language of the People's Republic of China and Republic of China , and is one of the four official languages of Singapore....

, 2.3% Hebrew, 1.9% Russian
Russian language
Russian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics...

, 1.2% Hungarian
Hungarian language
Hungarian is a Uralic language, part of the Ugric group. With some 14 million speakers, it is one of the most widely spoken non-Indo-European languages in Europe....

 and 1.1% Hindi
Hindi
Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi , High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritized register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi...

 as their first language.

There were 5,899 households out of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.2% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.2% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the borough the population was spread out with 21.7% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 37.1% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males age 18 and over.

The median income for a household in the borough was $53,250, and the median income for a family was $71,267. Males had a median income of $47,248 versus $36,829 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...

 for the borough was $28,767. About 5.3% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.7% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

The borough supports several active Jewish communities, and in 1978 was one of the first communities in New Jersey to gain an Eruv
Eruv
An Eruv is a ritual enclosure around most Orthodox Jewish and Conservative Jewish homes or communities. In such communities, an Eruv is seen to enable the carrying of objects out of doors on the Jewish Sabbath that would otherwise be forbidden by Torah law...

. Through an arrangement with New Jersey Bell (now Verizon
Verizon Communications
Verizon Communications Inc. is a global broadband and telecommunications company and a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average...

), a continuous wire was strung from pole to pole around the borders of the borough. The wires are inspected every Friday to ensure that the connections are complete. When intact, this Eruv, or symbolic wall, satisfies most Orthodox
Orthodox Judaism
Orthodox Judaism , is the approach to Judaism which adheres to the traditional interpretation and application of the laws and ethics of the Torah as legislated in the Talmudic texts by the Sanhedrin and subsequently developed and applied by the later authorities known as the Gaonim, Rishonim, and...

 Jewish religious requirements allowing residents to treat the entire borough as their home during the Sabbath
Shabbat
Shabbat is the seventh day of the Jewish week and a day of rest in Judaism. Shabbat is observed from a few minutes before sunset on Friday evening until a few minutes after when one would expect to be able to see three stars in the sky on Saturday night. The exact times, therefore, differ from...

. (The eruv now extends into parts of Edison, New Jersey
Edison, New Jersey
Edison Township is a township in Middlesex County, New Jersey. What is now Edison Township was originally incorporated as Raritan Township by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 17, 1870, from portions of both Piscataway Township and Woodbridge Township...

 and New Brunswick, New Jersey
New Brunswick, New Jersey
New Brunswick is a city in Middlesex County, New Jersey, USA. It is the county seat and the home of Rutgers University. The city is located on the Northeast Corridor rail line, southwest of Manhattan, on the southern bank of the Raritan River. At the 2010 United States Census, the population of...

.)

Highland Park has at times been a bedroom community for nearby Rutgers University
Rutgers University
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , is the largest institution for higher education in New Jersey, United States. It was originally chartered as Queen's College in 1766. It is the eighth-oldest college in the United States and one of the nine Colonial colleges founded before the American...

 and Johnson & Johnson
Johnson & Johnson
Johnson & Johnson is an American multinational pharmaceutical, medical devices and consumer packaged goods manufacturer founded in 1886. Its common stock is a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the company is listed among the Fortune 500....

 in New Brunswick, with a resulting academic flair to the community. Nobel laureate Selman Waksman
Selman Waksman
Selman Abraham Waksman was an American biochemist and microbiologist whose research into organic substances—largely into organisms that live in soil—and their decomposition promoted the discovery of Streptomycin, and several other antibiotics...

 (Medicine
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine administered by the Nobel Foundation, is awarded once a year for outstanding discoveries in the field of life science and medicine. It is one of five Nobel Prizes established in 1895 by Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, in his will...

, 1952) lived in the borough until he moved to Piscataway in 1954, and laureate Arno Penzias (Physics
Nobel Prize in Physics
The Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and...

, 1978) lived in the borough until the 1990s.

Local government

Highland Park is governed under the borough
Borough (New Jersey)
A borough in the context of New Jersey local government refers to one of five types and one of eleven forms of municipal government....

 form of New Jersey municipal government. The government consists of a Mayor and a Borough Council comprising six council members, with all positions elected at large. The mayor is elected directly by the voters to a four-year term of office. The Borough Council consists of six members elected to serve three-year terms on a staggered basis, with two seats coming up for election each year.

The borough operates through Committees of the Council: Administration, Finance, Public Works, Public Safety, Community Affairs, Public Utilities, and Health, Welfare, and Recreation. The various departments, boards and commissions report to the Council through these committees.

, the Mayor of Highland Park, New Jersey
Mayor of Highland Park, New Jersey
Mayors of Highland Park, New Jersey:...

 is Stephen B. Nolan. The Borough Council consists of Council President Elsie Foster-Dublin, Jon Erickson, Padraic Millet, Gary Minkoff, Gayle Brill Mittler and Jeffrey Morris.

As of November 2011, the mayor is Gary Minkoff.

Federal, state and county representation

Highland Park is in the 6th Congressional district and is part of New Jersey's 17th state legislative district. The city was relocated to the 18th state legislative district by the New Jersey Apportionment Commission
New Jersey Apportionment Commission
The New Jersey Apportionment Commission is a constitutionally-created ten-member commission responsible for apportioning the forty districts of the New Jersey Legislature. The commission is convened after each decennial U.S. Census, and the districts are to be in use for the legislative elections...

 based on the results of the 2010 Census. The new district was in effect for the June 2011 primary and will be used for the November 2011 general election, with the state senator and assembly members elected taking office in the new district as of January 2012.




Education

The Highland Park Public Schools
Highland Park Public Schools
The Highland Park Public Schools are a comprehensive community public school district that serves students in prekindergarten through twelfth grade from Highland Park, in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States....

 serve students in prekindergarten through twelfth grade. Schools in the district (with 2009-10 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics
National Center for Education Statistics
The National Center for Education Statistics is the part of the United States Department of Education's Institute of Education Sciences that collects, analyzes, and publishes statistics on education and public school district finance information in the United States...

) are
Irving Primary School (PreK-1; 302 students),
Bartle Elementary School (grades 2-5; 453),
Highland Park Middle School (grades 6-8; 310) and
Highland Park High School (grades 9-12; 411).

Roads

There are five main roads in Highland Park:
  • New Jersey Route 27 - Known as Raritan Avenue, it traverses for about 1½ miles through downtown and the outskirts of Highland Park. The section between Adelaide and Fifth Avenues runs virtually east to west and divides the town into the north and south sides.
  • County Route 514
    County Route 514 (New Jersey)
    County Route 514 is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends from US 202 in East Amwell Township to Bayway Avenue in Elizabeth...

     - Starts as a road named Woodbridge Avenue that splits off at Route 27 at South Sixth Avenue. It runs through the southeast region of the borough.
  • Middlesex County Route 622
    County Route 622 (Middlesex County, New Jersey)
    Middlesex County Route 622 is a county highway in Middlesex County, New Jersey. It traverses the municipalities of Highland Park, Piscataway and Middlesex in its 7.44 mile length. The road began as Middlesex County Route 2R8 circa 1947. The road was changed into County Route 514 Spur, a spur...

     - River Road in Highland Park, stretches for over 1 miles (1.6 km) in the western region of the borough following the curving bank of the Raritan River.
  • Middlesex County Route 676
    County Route 676 (Middlesex County, New Jersey)
    County Route 676, abbreviated CR 676, is a county highway designation in Middlesex County, New Jersey, that uses the streets of Duclos Lane, North Riverview Avenue, Suttons Lane, and Woodbridge Avenue in Highland Park and Edison Township. It is long from Edmund Street to Truman Drive...

     - This is Duclos Lane and it forms a portion of Highland Park's eastern border with Edison. Road spends .49 of a mile in Highland Park.
  • Middlesex County Route 692 - Cedar Lane in the northern section of the borough intersects with River Road.

Bus

New Jersey Transit
New Jersey Transit
The New Jersey Transit Corporation is a statewide public transportation system serving the United States state of New Jersey, and New York, Orange, and Rockland counties in New York State...

 local bus service is provided on the 810 and 814 routes.

Community

There is a new state-of-the-art environmental center on River Road, just a few hundred feet upstream from the Albany Street Bridge
Albany Street Bridge
The Albany Street Bridge is a bridge on Route 27 in the U.S. state of New Jersey spanning the Raritan River. The bridge connects Highland Park on the east with New Brunswick on the west....

. The borough's Environmental Commission envisions this center as a stop along a riverbank walking trail that would link Johnson Park with Donaldson Park and beyond, to the Meadows environmental area on the Edison border.

History

The native Lenape people hunted on this hilly land aside the gently flowing Raritan River and their trails crisscrossed the area. In 1685, John Inian bought land on both shores of the Raritan River and built two new landings downstream from the Assunpink Trail
Assunpink Trail
The Assunpink Trail was a Native American trail in what later became Middlesex, Somerset, and Mercer counties in the central and western part of New Jersey...

's fording place, which was later developed as Raritan Landing
Raritan Landing, New Jersey
Raritan Landing is an historical community in Piscataway Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey, which was once an inland port, the farthest upstream point ocean-going ships could reach along the Raritan River, across from New Brunswick...

. He established a ferry service and the main road then was redirected to lead straight to the ferry landing. This river crossing was run by generations of different owners and a ferry house tavern operated for many years in the 18th century. A toll bridge replaced the ferry in 1795. The wood plank Albany Street Bridge
Albany Street Bridge
The Albany Street Bridge is a bridge on Route 27 in the U.S. state of New Jersey spanning the Raritan River. The bridge connects Highland Park on the east with New Brunswick on the west....

 was dismantled in 1848 and reconstructed in 1853. The present day stone arch road bridge was built in 1892. It became the Lincoln Highway
Lincoln Highway
The Lincoln Highway was the first road across the United States of America.Conceived and promoted by entrepreneur Carl G. Fisher, the Lincoln Highway spanned coast-to-coast from Times Square in New York City to Lincoln Park in San Francisco, originally through 13 states: New York, New Jersey,...

 Bridge in 1914 and was widened in 1925.

One of the earliest European settlers was Henry Greenland, who owned 384 acres (1.6 km²) of land and operated an inn along the Mill Brook section of the Assunpink Trail during the late 17th century. Others early settlers included George Drake, Reverend John Drake, and Captain Francis Drake, kinsmen of the famous explorer. In the early 18th century, a few wealthy Europeans including the Van Horns and Merrills settled on large tracts of land establishing an isolated farmstead pattern of development that would continue for the next 150 years.

The Reverend John Henry Livingston
John Henry Livingston
The Reverend John Henry Livingston was the fourth President of Queen's College serving from 1810 until his death in 1825.-Biography:...

, newly chosen head of Queen's College, purchased a 150 acre (0.607029 km²) plot of land in 1809, which would hereafter be known as the Livingston Manor. Now, a gracious Greek Revival house built around 1843 by Robert and Louisa Livingston stands on this property. The Livingston Homestead, which is listed in the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation...

, was owned by the Waldron family throughout most of the 20th century. It remains Highland Park's most prominent historic house.

In the early 19th century, both the Delaware & Raritan Canal and a railroad were constructed largely to serve the commercial center of New Brunswick
New Brunswick, New Jersey
New Brunswick is a city in Middlesex County, New Jersey, USA. It is the county seat and the home of Rutgers University. The city is located on the Northeast Corridor rail line, southwest of Manhattan, on the southern bank of the Raritan River. At the 2010 United States Census, the population of...

 across the river. In 1836, the New Jersey Railroad and Transportation Company built a rail line that terminated on the Highland Park side of the Raritan River and established a station named "East New Brunswick." The Camden and Amboy Railroad built a wood, double-deck bridge which eliminated the station stop in 1838. It was destroyed by a suspicious fire in 1878. An iron truss bridge was quickly built upon enlarged stone piers, which in turn was replaced in 1902 by the twelve span stone arch bridge encased in concrete in the 1940s, currently standing.

Despite the canal and the railroad, Highland Park's land continued to be used for agriculture. Residential development slowly began 30 years later, with several stately houses constructed on Adelaide Avenue and more modest houses constructed on Cedar, First, and Second Avenues and Magnolia, Benner, and Johnson Streets. In the 1870s, the small hamlet became better known as "Highland Park", a name derived from the suburban housing development although the area adjacent to the railroad tracks continued to be called "East New Brunswick."
1870 was also the year in which Highland Park was annexed to the newly formed Raritan Township
Raritan Township, New Jersey
Raritan Township is a Township in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2010 Census, the township population was 22,185...

.

The seeds were sown for Highland Park's independence from Raritan Township over the issue of public schooling. Highland Park had its own school district and on March 15, 1905 the Borough of Highland Park was formed. Important factors were the desire for an independent school system and a related dispute over school taxes. The fire department, which had formed in 1899, also wanted more local control over their affairs. The 1905 New Jersey census counted 147 dwellings in the new borough. In 1918, Robert Wood Johnson II
Robert Wood Johnson II
Robert Wood "General" Johnson II was an American businessman. He was one of the sons of Robert Wood Johnson I . He turned the family business into one of the world's largest healthcare corporations.- Early life :Johnson was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey...

 was appointed to the Highland Park Council and became mayor in 1920. His summer house and estate was located on River Road, just north of the railroad tracks.

Over the past 100 years, Highland Park's lands have been parceled into ever-smaller suburban residential plots. Planned developments included Watson Whittlesey's Livingston Manor development begun in 1906; the Viehmann Tract, also on the north side; Riverview Terrace on the south side; Raritan Park Terrace in the triangle between Raritan and Woodbridge Avenues; and East New Brunswick Heights in the Orchard Heights neighborhood. It has taken years of continuously constructing houses and apartment buildings to create the largely residential borough.

Highland Park's industrial development in the 19th and 20th centuries included such businesses as a brewery, Johnson & Johnson
Johnson & Johnson
Johnson & Johnson is an American multinational pharmaceutical, medical devices and consumer packaged goods manufacturer founded in 1886. Its common stock is a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the company is listed among the Fortune 500....

, The John Waldron Machine Company, Turner Tubes, Flako Products, and the Janeway & Carpender Wallpaper factory. The borough is the birthplace of the Band-Aid
Band-Aid
Band-Aid is a brand name for Johnson & Johnson's line of adhesive bandages and related products. It has also become a genericized trademark for any adhesive bandage in Australia, Brazil, Canada, India and the United States....

 and Flako Products packaged mixes for baked goods. However, the industrial nature of the borough completely declined by the 1960s. The commercial zones along both Raritan and Woodbridge Avenues continue to thrive with "mom & pop" shops, many that have lasted for generations.

Throughout the 20th century, Highland Park's religious institutions, educational facilities, and municipal governance have kept pace with the growth of the town. The trends of local autonomy and control that shaped Highland Park in the past continue to this day.

Livingston Manor Historic District

Livingston Manor was a subdivision built upon the lands surrounding the Livingston Homestead. This subdivision was the brainchild of Watson Whittlesey (1863–1914), a real estate developer born in Rochester, New York. Whittlesey was more than a typical land speculator; he was a community builder, which was noted by his residency in various Livingston Manor houses from 1906 to 1914, and by his active involvement in the municipal affairs of Highland Park. Instead of auctioning lots like his 19th century predecessors, Whittlesey sold subdivided lots with either a house completely built by his company or with the promise of providing a company-constructed house similar to those previously constructed.

The suburban development grew between 1906 and 1925 when Whittlesey's company, the Livingston Manor Corporation and its successor, the Highland Park Building Company, constructed single-family houses from plans produced by a select group of architects. While a variety of building types and styles are present on each block, the buildings in the district are distinct by the use of specific building plans found nowhere else in Highland Park and by the embellishments that are typical of the Craftsman philosophy, which emphasized the value of the labor of skilled artisans who showed pride in their abilities.

In the first years of this development, the houses were constructed one entire block at a time beginning with the southeast side of Grant Avenue between Lawrence Avenue and North Second Avenue. The next block to be developed was the northwest side of Lincoln Avenue between Lawrence Avenue and North Second Avenue. Six stucco bungalows were then constructed on the southern side of Lawrence east of Lincoln Avenue. As the housing development grew in popularity, houses were constructed less systematically by block, and more often on lots that individual homeowners randomly selected from the remaining available properties. Whittlesey used plans from architects George Edward Krug and Francis George Hasselman, as well as plans generated by several local architects including John Arthur Blish and William Boylan. Several of Livingston Manor's Tudor Revival houses were designed by Highland Park's eminent architect, Alexander Merchant. Merchant created numerous buildings in New Brunswick and Highland Park (see list below). Like other early-20th century architects, he was active during the period of early American modernism, but having trained at the firm of Carrère and Hastings
Carrère and Hastings
Carrère and Hastings, the firm of John Merven Carrère and Thomas Hastings , located in New York City, was one of the outstanding Beaux-Arts architecture firms in the United States. The partnership operated from 1885 until 1911, when Carrère was killed in an automobile accident...

, Merchant developed and maintained a classical design vocabulary.

Many workers in the building trades such as Harvey E. Dodge, Frederick Nietscke, a carpenter and Harold Richard Segoine, a contractor, have also been identified as Livingston Manor Corporation employees as well as Livingston Manor residents. Whittlesey, with his wife Anna, also lived in several Livingston Manor houses including the Spanish Colonial style house at 35 Harrison Avenue designed specifically for them.

On December 1, 1906, the first deeds were transferred to two individual homeowners. Many prominent New Brunswick and Highland Park residents bought houses in this new neighborhood. They included Rutgers College professors, school teachers, bank employees, factory owners, and store owners. Census data shows that most of the women were housewives and mothers. There were many extended families. Some families took in boarders and several households included live-in servants. Sixty-two houses had been constructed in Livingston Manor by 1910.

In 1912, Watson Whittlesey hired a sales agent, John F. Green, and began selling bungalow lots. These properties were smaller and less expensive, and a set of plans for a bungalow was given to any purchaser. By 1913, 120 houses had been constructed in Livingston Manor.

Dubbed "Lord of the Manor", Whittlesey created a neighborhood spirit by giving receptions to the residents; by providing playgrounds for the children; and by encouraging the men to take a more active part in public affairs. After his death on April 8, 1914, Manor residents turned out in the hundreds to attend a memorial service at his house.

The Highland Park Building Company was incorporated in 1914 by long-standing members of his company including builder Robert Lufburrow and engineer Harold Richard Segoine. In 1916, Mrs. Whittlesey, who was president of the Livingston Manor Corporation, turned over the privately owned streets, sidewalks, and curbs to the borough. Remarkably, there were no provisions for the borough to accept public ownership of the sewers. That required an act of legislation at the statehouse in Trenton, which was accomplished by Senator Florance, Assemblyman Edgar, and signed by Governor Walter Evans Edge
Walter Evans Edge
Walter Evans Edge was an American politician. A Republican, he was twice the Governor of New Jersey, from 1917 to 1919 and again from 1944 to 1947, serving as governor during both World War I and World War II...

 the following year. Anna Wilcox Whittlesey, "Lady of the Manor", died on August 16, 1918. She was remembered as "a woman of rare refinement and culture, and the soul of hospitality."

Highland Park's identity as a streetcar suburb
Streetcar suburb
A streetcar suburb is a residential community whose growth and development was strongly shaped by the use of streetcar lines as a primary means of transportation. Early suburbs were served by horsecars, but by the late 19th century cable cars and electric streetcars, or trams, were used, allowing...

 was transformed to that of an automobile suburb during the 1920s. Two hundred and ten dwellings had been constructed in Livingston Manor by 1922. The Livingston Manor Corporation continued to have transactions into the 1960s, but the area's significant development had taken place by 1925.

It has always been locally recognized that Livingston Manor is an important neighborhood in Highland Park. The Livingston Manor Historic District was listed in the New Jersey Register of Historic Places
New Jersey Register of Historic Places
The New Jersey Register of Historic Places is the official list of historic resources of local, state, and national interest in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The program is administered by the Historic Preservation Office of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection.The register was...

 on April 1, 2004 and in the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation...

 on July 7, 2004. This text was condensed from the National Register nomination written by Borough Historian Jeanne Kolva.

Buildings designed by Alexander Merchant

  • 55 South Adelaide Avenue (1909)
  • Lafayette School on South Second Avenue and Benner Street (original school-1907 and Second Avenue wing-1915. The third wing on Second Avenue was designed by Merchant's son Alexander Merchant, Jr. in 1952). The Lafayette School is now condominiums and no longer a school.
  • Reformed Church on South Second Avenue (original church-1897 and auditorium wing circa 1920)
  • Irving School on Central Avenue (original building-1914)
  • The Center School on North Third Avenue (formerly the Hamilton School in 1914)
  • The Pomeranz Building on Raritan Avenue and South Third Avenue (1920)
  • 82 Harrison Avenue (1913)
  • Two houses on Cliff Court (1914)
  • Several houses on South Adelaide Avenue near Cliff Court (1910–1914)
  • The Highland Park High School
    Highland Park High School (Highland Park, New Jersey)
    Highland Park High School , is a four-year comprehensive public high school, part of the Highland Park Public Schools system, that serves student in grades nine through twelve from the borough of Highland Park, in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. The school was established in 1926 as a...

     (original building-1926)
  • The Masonic Temple on Raritan Avenue at North Fourth Avenue (1923) It remains as a one-story commercial building after a fire in 1965 destroyed the upper levels of the auditorium and offices.
  • The Brody House at corner of Raritan and North Adelaide Avenues (built 1911—demolished 1997)
  • The former Police Station at 137 Raritan Avenue (now a deli).
  • Anshe Emeth Memorial Temple on Livingston Avenue in neighboring New Brunswick
    New Brunswick, New Jersey
    New Brunswick is a city in Middlesex County, New Jersey, USA. It is the county seat and the home of Rutgers University. The city is located on the Northeast Corridor rail line, southwest of Manhattan, on the southern bank of the Raritan River. At the 2010 United States Census, the population of...

     (1929)

Notable residents

Notable current and former residents of Highland Park include:
  • Jim Axelrod
    Jim Axelrod
    Jim Axelrod is a National Correspondent for CBS News, and reports for the CBS Evening News and other CBS News programs.Axelrod was one of CBS News' embedded correspondents in Iraq and was the first TV reporter to broadcast live from Saddam International Airport after its takeover by American...

    , CBS news correspondent.
  • Harvey Jerome Brudner
    Harvey Jerome Brudner
    Harvey Jerome Brudner was a theoretical physicist/engineer, and was the Dean of Science and Technology at the New York Institute of Technology. He was President of the Joyce Kilmer Centennial Commission, and the Highland Park, New Jersey Centennial Commission...

     (1931–2009), engineer and inventor.
  • Siobhan Darrow, former CNN correspondent and author.
  • Earle Dickson
    Earle Dickson
    Earle Dickson was an American inventor best known for creating Band-Aid® brand adhesive bandages.Dickson was a cotton buyer at the Johnson & Johnson company. His wife, Josephine Knight, often cut herself while doing housework and cooking. Dickson found that the gauze stuck to a wound with tape...

     (1892–1961), inventor of the Band-Aid.
  • Samuel G. Freedman
    Samuel G. Freedman
    Samuel G. Freedman is an American author and journalist and currently a professor at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. He has authored six nonfiction books, including most recently Who She Was, a book about his mother's life as a teenager and young woman, and Letters to a Young...

    , author and columnist for The New York Times
    The New York Times
    The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded and continuously published in New York City since 1851. The New York Times has won 106 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any news organization...

    .
  • Willie Garson
    Willie Garson
    Willie Garson is an American character actor. He has appeared in over 50 movies, usually playing minor roles...

     (born 1964), actor best known for his role as Stanford Blatch in Sex and the City
    Sex and the City
    Sex and the City is an American television comedy-drama series created by Darren Star and produced by HBO. Broadcast from 1998 until 2004, the original run of the show had a total of ninety-four episodes...

    .
  • Israel Gelfand
    Israel Gelfand
    Israel Moiseevich Gelfand, also written Israïl Moyseyovich Gel'fand, or Izrail M. Gelfand was a Soviet mathematician who made major contributions to many branches of mathematics, including group theory, representation theory and functional analysis...

     (1913–2009), renowned mathematician.
  • Rebecca Goldstein
    Rebecca Goldstein
    Rebecca Goldstein is an American novelist and professor of philosophy. She has written five novels, a number of short stories and essays, and biographical studies of mathematician Kurt Gödel and philosopher Baruch Spinoza....

     (born 1950), author, philosopher, and 1996 MacArthur "Genius Award" winner.
  • Alan Guth
    Alan Guth
    Alan Harvey Guth is an American theoretical physicist and cosmologist. Guth has researched elementary particle theory...

     (born 1947), physicist and cosmologist.
  • Michael Jacobs
    Michael Jacobs
    Michael Jacobs is a writer and producer whose work has appeared on Broadway, Off Broadway, television and film. He is the creator/producer of several popular television series including Boy Meets World, Dinosaurs, Charles in Charge and My Two Dads...

     (born 1955), Broadway playwright and award winning writer of many television series such as Boy Meets World
    Boy Meets World
    Boy Meets World is an American comedy-drama series that chronicles the events and everyday life lessons of Cory Matthews, played by Ben Savage, a kid from suburban Philadelphia who grows up from a young boy to a married man. The show aired for seven seasons from 1993 to 2000 on ABC, part of the...

    , Dinosaurs
    Dinosaurs (TV series)
    Dinosaurs is an American family sitcom that was originally broadcast on ABC from April 26, 1991 to July 20, 1994. The show, about a family of anthropomorphic dinosaurs, was produced by Michael Jacobs Productions and Jim Henson Television in association with Walt Disney Television and Buena Vista...

     and Charles In Charge
    Charles in Charge
    Charles in Charge is an American sitcom series which starred Scott Baio as Charles, a 19-year-old student at the fictional Copeland College in New Jersey, who worked as a live-in babysitter in exchange for room and board...

    .
  • John Seward Johnson II
    John Seward Johnson II
    John Seward Johnson II also known as J. Seward Johnson, Jr. and Seward Johnson is an American artist known for his trompe l'oeil painted bronze statues, and a grandson of Robert Wood Johnson I ....

     (born 1930), sculptor and founder of the Johnson Atelier in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, New Jersey
    Hamilton Township, Mercer County, New Jersey
    Hamilton Township is a Township in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2010 Census, the township had a total population of 88,464...

    .
  • Robert Wood Johnson II
    Robert Wood Johnson II
    Robert Wood "General" Johnson II was an American businessman. He was one of the sons of Robert Wood Johnson I . He turned the family business into one of the world's largest healthcare corporations.- Early life :Johnson was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey...

     (1893–1968), Johnson & Johnson President, general, and philanthropist. Robert Wood Johnson II was mayor of Highland Park from 1920 to 1922.
  • Soterios Johnson
    Soterios Johnson
    Soterios Johnson is the local host of NPR's Morning Edition on New York City's public radio station, WNYC.A New Jersey native, Johnson worked at WKCR while earning his undergraduate degree from Columbia University, in American history in 1990....

    , WNYC
    WNYC
    WNYC is a set of call letters shared by a pair of co-owned, non-profit, public radio stations located in New York City.WNYC broadcasts on the AM band at 820 kHz, and WNYC-FM is at 93.9 MHz. Both stations are members of National Public Radio and carry distinct, but similar news/talk programs...

     radio host.
  • Jerry Levine
    Jerry Levine
    Jerry Levine is an American actor and director, perhaps best known for his role as Rupert 'Stiles' Stilinski in the feature film Teen Wolf.-Career:...

     (born 1957), film and TV actor who has appeared in Teen Wolf
    Teen Wolf
    Teen Wolf is a 1985 American fantasy comedy film released by Atlantic Releasing Corporation starring Michael J. Fox as Scott Howard, a high school student who discovers that his family has an unusual pedigree when he finds himself transforming into a werewolf...

     and Born on the Fourth of July
    Born on the Fourth of July (film)
    Born on the Fourth of July is a 1989 American film adaptation of the best selling autobiography of the same name by Vietnam War veteran Ron Kovic. Tom Cruise plays Kovic, in a performance that earned him his first Academy Award nomination. Oliver Stone co-wrote the screenplay with Kovic, and also...

    .
  • Roy Lichtenstein
    Roy Lichtenstein
    Roy Lichtenstein was a prominent American pop artist. During the 1960s his paintings were exhibited at the Leo Castelli Gallery in New York City and along with Andy Warhol, Jasper Johns, James Rosenquist and others he became a leading figure in the new art movement...

     (1923–97), pop artist.
  • Tomás Eloy Martínez
    Tomás Eloy Martínez
    Tomás Eloy Martínez was an Argentine journalist and writer.-Life and work:Born in San Miguel de Tucumán, Martínez obtained a degree in Spanish and Latin American literature from the University of Tucumán, and an MA at the University of Paris...

     (1934–2010), journalist and writer, distinguished professor and director of the department of Latin American Studies at Rutgers, author of 'Santa Evita and The Peron Novel.
  • Arthur & Helen McCallum, inventors of Flako packaged mixes for baked goods.
  • Justin Louis, afternoon drive host at New Jersey's WJLK
    WJLK
    WJLK is an Adult CHR radio station that plays '80s, '90s, recent, and Contemporary Hit Music. The station broadcasts on the 94.3 FM frequency. Their variety of music stretches from bands such as Green Day to Gwen Stefani or Rob Thomas. The station is owned by Millennium Radio in New Jersey...

    , "94.3 The Point".
  • Stephen B. Nolan (born 1964), Acting Director of the New Jersey Division of Consumer Affairs
    New Jersey Division of Consumer Affairs
    The New Jersey Division of Consumer Affairs is a governmental agency in the U.S. state of New Jersey that is responsible for protecting the public "from fraud, deceit and misrepresentation in the sale of goods and services." The DCA operates within the New Jersey Department of Law and Public...

     and Mayor of Highland Park, 2010–present.
  • Arno Allan Penzias
    Arno Allan Penzias
    Arno Allan Penzias is an American physicist and Nobel laureate in physics.-Early life and education:Penzias was born in Munich, Germany. At age six he was among the Jewish children evacuated to Britain as part of the Kindertransport rescue operation...

     (born 1933), physicist and a co-winner of the 1978 Nobel Prize in physics.
  • L. J. Smith (born 1980), NFL tight end
    Tight end
    The tight end is a position in American football on the offense. The tight end is often seen as a hybrid position with the characteristics and roles of both an offensive lineman and a wide receiver. Like offensive linemen, they are usually lined up on the offensive line and are large enough to be...

     who currently plays for the Baltimore Ravens
    Baltimore Ravens
    The Baltimore Ravens are a professional football franchise based in Baltimore, Maryland.The Baltimore Ravens are officially a quasi-expansion franchise, having originated in 1995 with the Cleveland Browns relocation controversy after Art Modell, then owner of the Cleveland Browns, announced his...

    .
  • Joan Snyder
    Joan Snyder
    Joan Snyder is an American painter from New York. She is a MacArthur Fellow and a Guggenheim Fellow. Her paintings have been exhibited at several museums, including the de Saisset Museum and the Jewish Museum.-Painting styles:...

     (born 1940), pioneering neo-expressionist feminist artist and 2007 MacArthur "Genius Award" winner.
  • Darrell K. Sweet
    Darrell K. Sweet
    Darrell K. Sweet is a professional illustrator best known for providing cover art for science fiction and fantasy novels, in which capacity he was nominated for Hugo award in 1983. He also produces art for trading cards and calendars. He is famous for providing the covers of the fantasy epic saga...

     (born 1934), professional illustrator best known for cover art for science fiction and fantasy novels.
  • Alan Voorhees
    Alan Voorhees
    Alan Manners Voorhees was a transportation engineer and urban planner who designed many large public works in the United States...

     (1922–2005), engineer and urban planner
    Urban planner
    An urban planner or city planner is a professional who works in the field of urban planning/land use planning for the purpose of optimizing the effectiveness of a community's land use and infrastructure. They formulate plans for the development and management of urban and suburban areas, typically...

    .

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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