Henry III of Castile

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Henry III of Castile

Henry III (October 4, 1379 – 1406), sometimes known as Henry the Sufferer or Henry the Infirm was the son of John I

John I of Castile

John I was the king of Crown of Castile, was the son of Henry II of Castile and of his wife Juana Manuel of Castile, daughter of Juan Manuel, Duke of Penafiel, head of a younger branch of the royal house of Castile....
and Eleanor of Aragon

Eleanor of Aragon

Eleanor of Aragon was a daughter of King Peter IV of Aragon and his wife Eleanor of Sicily. Her maternal grandfather was Peter II of Sicily.Her brother became John I of Aragon....
, and succeeded him as King

List of Castilian monarchs

This is a list of counts, kings, and queens of Kingdom of Castile.It is, in part, a continuation of the list of Asturian monarchs and the list of Leonese monarchs....
of Castile

Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of Castile was one of the medieval kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula. It emerged as a political autonomous entity in the 9th century. It was called County of Castile and was held in vassalage from the Kingdom of Le?n....
and León

Kingdom of León

Kingdom of Le?n was an independent country situated in the northwest region of the Iberian Peninsula. It was founded in 910 A.D. when the Christian princes of Kingdom of Asturias along the Bay of Biscay shifted their main seat from Oviedo to the city of Le?n, Spain....
in 1390. Henry was born in Burgos

Burgos

Burgos is a city of northern Spain, at the edge of the central plateau, with about 178.000 inhabitants in the city proper and another 15,000 in its suburbs....
, the capital of Castile. Before becoming king, he was known by the title Prince of Asturias

Prince of Asturias

The title Prince of Asturias is given to the heir apparent to the Spain throne, and the earlier kingdom of Castille. The current Prince of Asturias is Felipe, Prince of Asturias, son of King Juan Carlos of Spain and Queen Sofia of Spain....
, designating him as the heir apparent

Heir apparent

An heir apparent is an heir who cannot be displaced from inheriting; the term is used in contrast to heir presumptive, the term for a conditional heir who is currently in line to inherit but could be displaced at any time in the future....
. After succeeding to the throne at 11, Henry took power at 14. He was able to pacify the nobility and restore royal power.

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Encyclopedia

Henry III (October 4, 1379 – 1406), sometimes known as Henry the Sufferer or Henry the Infirm was the son of John I

John I of Castile

Eleanor of Aragon

List of Castilian monarchs

This is a list of counts, kings, and queens of Kingdom of Castile.It is, in part, a continuation of the list of Asturian monarchs and the list of Leonese monarchs....
of Castile

Kingdom of Castile

Kingdom of León

Burgos

Prince of Asturias

Heir apparent

England

Tétouan

T?touan , also spelled Tetuan, sometimes Tettawen or Tettawin, is a city in northern Morocco. It is the only open port of Morocco on the Mediterranean Sea, a few miles south of the Strait of Gibraltar, and about 40 mi E.S.E....
in North Africa

North Africa

North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Africa.Geopolitically, the United Nations subregion of Northern Africa includes the following seven countries or territories:...
, a pirate base. In 1402, Henry began the colonization of the Canary Islands

Canary Islands

The Canary Islands are a Spain archipelago which, in turn, forms one of the Spanish Autonomous Communities and an Outermost Region of the European Union....
, sending French explorer Jean de Béthencourt

Jean de Béthencourt

Jean de B?thencourt , was a France explorer who, in 1402, led an expedition to the Canary Islands, landing first on the north side of Lanzarote....
. He also sent envoys to Timur

Timur

Timur , among his other names, commonly known as Tamerlane in the West, was a 14th century Turko-Mongol conqueror of much of western and Central Asia, and founder of the Timurid dynasty in Central Asia, which survived until 1857 as the Mughal Empire of India....
.

In 1388, Henry married Katherine of Lancaster (Catalina de Lancaster; 1372–1418), the daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster

John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster

John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Aquitaine was a member of the House of Plantagenet, the third surviving son of King Edward III of England of England and Philippa of Hainault....
and Gaunt's second wife, Constance of Castile

Constance of Castile (1354-1394)

Constance of Castile was claimant of the Crown of Castile throne after the death of her father Peter of Castile, her mother being a Mar?a de Padilla, whom Pedro had secretly married but was then forced to repudiate, only to keep her as a mistress....
, who was the elder daughter of Pedro of Castile

Pedro of Castile

File:Estatua de Pedro I el Cruel 01.jpgPeter or Pedro , sometimes called the Cruel or the Lawful , was the king of Kingdom of Castile from 1350 to 1369....
. This ended a dynastic conflict and solidified the House of Trastamara. Henry and Catherine's son became John II of Castile

John II of Castile

John II was kings of Castile from 1406 to 1454. He was the son of Henry III of Castile and his wife Katherine of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster by Constance of Castile , daughter of King Pedro of Castile ....
, who succeeded Henry when he died in Toledo

Toledo, Spain

Toledo is a city and municipality located in central Spain, 70 km south of Madrid. It is the capital city of the province of Toledo and of the autonomous communities of Spain of Castile-La Mancha....
, Catherine acting as Regent of Castile because John II was then underage.

Ancestry

**Henry's ancestors in three generations**
Henry III of Castile	Father: John I of Castile John I of Castile John I was the king of Crown of Castile, was the son of Henry II of Castile and of his wife Juana Manuel of Castile, daughter of Juan Manuel, Duke of Penafiel, head of a younger branch of the royal house of Castile....	Paternal Grandfather: Henry II of Castile Henry II of Castile Henry II , better known as Henry of House of Trast?mara , 1st Conde de Trast?mara, before his coronation, was the illegitimate son of Alfonso XI of Castile and Eleanor of Guzman, half brother to Peter of Castile....	Paternal Great-grandfather: Alfonso XI of Castile Alfonso XI of Castile Alfonso XI of Castile was the king of Crown of Castile and Kingdom of Le?n, the son of Ferdinand IV of Castile and his wife Constance of Portugal ....
			Paternal Great-grandmother: Eleanor of Guzman Eleanor of Guzman Eleanor of Guzman was a mistress of King Alfonso XI of Castile. She is known in Spanish language as Leonor N??ez de Guzm?n.She was born in Seville, daughter of the Castilian nobles Pedro N??ez de Guzm?n and Juana Ponce de Le?n , and sister of Alfonso N??ez de Guzm?n , Master of the Order of Santiago, married c....
		Paternal Grandmother: Juana Manuel of Castile Juana Manuel of Castile Juana Manuel of Castile was from 1369 the Queen consort of Crown of Castile. She also was the heiress of Escalon, Villena, Penafiel and Lara as well as the sovereign lady of Biscay ....	Paternal Great-grandfather: Juan Manuel, Duke of Peñafiel Juan Manuel, Duke of Penafiel Don Juan Manuel is one of the most important Spanish medieval writers, nephew of Alfonso X of Castile, son of Juan Manuel, Lord of Villena and Lady Beatrice of Savoy ....
			Paternal Great-grandmother: Blanca de La Cerda y Lara Blanca de La Cerda y Lara Blanca Fernanda de la Cerda-Y-Lara was a Spanish people noblewoman.She was the daughter of Ferdinand de la Cerda, Infante of Castile and Juana N??ez de Lara, called "la Palomilla"....
	Mother: Eleanor of Aragon Eleanor of Aragon Eleanor of Aragon was a daughter of King Peter IV of Aragon and his wife Eleanor of Sicily. Her maternal grandfather was Peter II of Sicily.Her brother became John I of Aragon....	Maternal Grandfather: Peter IV of Aragon Peter IV of Aragon Peter IV, also known as Pedro or Pere , called the Ceremonious or *El del Punyalet* , was the King of Aragon, King of Sardinia , King of Valencia , and Count of Barcelona from 1336 until his death....	Maternal Great-grandfather: Alfonso IV of Aragon Alfonso IV of Aragon Alfonso IV, called the Kind was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona from 1327 to his death. He was the second son of James II of Aragon and Blanche of Anjou....
			Maternal Great-grandmother: Teresa d'Entença
		Maternal Grandmother: Eleanor of Sicily Eleanor of Sicily Eleanor of Sicily was Queen Consort of Aragon . She was the daughter of Peter II of Sicily and Elisabeth of Carinthia.She was the third wife of Peter IV of Aragon, whom she married in Valencia on 27 August 1349, on condition that they renounce all rights to any Sicilian Crown....	Maternal Great-grandfather: Peter II of Sicily Peter II of Sicily Peter II was crowned List of monarchs of Naples and Sicily in 1321 and gained full sovereignty when his father died in 1337.His father was Frederick III of Sicily and his mother was Eleanor of Anjou, a daughter of Charles II of Naples and Maria Arpad of Hungary....
			Maternal Great-grandmother: Elisabeth of Carinthia Elisabeth of Carinthia Elisabeth or Elizabeth was the daughter of Otto III of Carinthia of Tyrol by his wife Euphemia of Silesia-Liegnitz. She was born in Gorizia....

Children

All of them by his wife Catherine of Lancaster:

Catalina (1402-?)
John II of Castile
John II of Castile

John II was kings of Castile from 1406 to 1454. He was the son of Henry III of Castile and his wife Katherine of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster by Constance of Castile , daughter of King Pedro of Castile ....
Maria of Castile
Maria of Castile

Maria of Castile was a daughter of Henry III of Castile and Catherine of Lancaster.Her paternal grandparents were John I of Castile and his first wife Eleanor of Aragon....
. Married Alfonso V of Aragon
Alfonso V of Aragon

Alfonso the Magnanimous was the King of Aragon , King of Valencia , Kingdom of Majorca, Kingdom of Sardinia , and Kingdom of Sicily and Count of Barcelona from 1416 and King of Naples from 1442 until his death....
.