Henrik Bull
Encyclopedia
Henrik Bull was a Norwegian architect and designer. Among his works are the Paulus Church at Grünerløkka
in Oslo, the National Theater
, the Historical Museum in Oslo
, and the Government Building. He also designed coins for Norges Bank, and participated at the Kristiania Jubilée exhibition at Frogner
in 1914. He headed the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry
from 1912 to 1934.
as the son of architect Georg Andreas Bull
and Emilie Constance Hjelm. His father was among the leading architects in the country, was chief building inspector in Christiania for forty years, and left his mark on Norwegian building history both as a creative architect, and through his surveying and archeological research. Bull married actress Mette Marie Berntsen Wang in 1905. He was a nephew of violinist Ole Bull
and Knud Bull
, and a first cousin of judge and politician Edvard Hagerup Bull and architect Schak Bull
.
, and was finished in 1892. He also did research work on the old stave church
es. His Uvdal Church was built in romantic style, and finished in 1893. Another of his works was the Åmot Church at Rena, a timber church.
(1891-1899) is regarded as one of the most successful buildings in Norway from the historicism
period. The Historical Museum (1902) was based on deceased architect Karl August Henriksen's draft from 1890. The Government Building (1904) was based on a draft by architect Stener Lenschow from 1887/1891.
]
Grünerløkka
Grünerløkka is a borough of the city of Oslo, Norway. Grünerløkka became part of the city of Oslo in 1858.Grünerløkka was named after Friedrich Grüner who bought a mill in the area from king Christian V of Denmark in 1672 . During the 19th century, Grünerløkka became a working class area...
in Oslo, the National Theater
Nationaltheatret
The National Theatre in Oslo is one of Norway's largest and most prominent venues for performance of dramatic arts.The theatre had its first performance on 1 September 1899 but can trace its origins to Christiania Theatre, which was founded in 1829...
, the Historical Museum in Oslo
Museum of Cultural History
Museum of Cultural History is an organisation at the University of Oslo, Norway. It was established in 1999 as Universitetets kulturhistoriske museum with the merging of the bodies Oldsaksamlingen , Myntkabinettet og Etnografisk museum...
, and the Government Building. He also designed coins for Norges Bank, and participated at the Kristiania Jubilée exhibition at Frogner
Frogner
Frogner is a borough of the city of Oslo, Norway. In addition to traditional Frogner, the borough incorporates Bygdøy, Uranienborg and Majorstuen....
in 1914. He headed the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry
Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry
The Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry was established in 1818.In 1996 the National Academy of Craft and Art Industry became part of Oslo National Academy of the Arts .-Noted alumni:-External links:*...
from 1912 to 1934.
Early and personal life
Bull was born in ChristianiaOslo
Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...
as the son of architect Georg Andreas Bull
Georg Andreas Bull
Georg Andreas Bull was a Norwegian architect and chief building inspector in Christiania for forty years. He was among the leading architects in the country, and left his mark on Norwegian building history both as a creative architect, and through his measurement studies and archeological...
and Emilie Constance Hjelm. His father was among the leading architects in the country, was chief building inspector in Christiania for forty years, and left his mark on Norwegian building history both as a creative architect, and through his surveying and archeological research. Bull married actress Mette Marie Berntsen Wang in 1905. He was a nephew of violinist Ole Bull
Ole Bull
Ole Bornemann Bull was a Norwegian violinist and composer.-Background:Bull was born in Bergen. He was the eldest of ten children of Johan Storm Bull and Anna Dorothea Borse Geelmuyden . His brother, Georg Andreas Bull became a noted Norwegian architect...
and Knud Bull
Knud Bull
Knud Geelmuyden Bull was a Norwegian painter and counterfeiter. He was convicted for delivering equipment for printing false bank notes, and was deported from Great Britain to Australia in 1846...
, and a first cousin of judge and politician Edvard Hagerup Bull and architect Schak Bull
Schak Bull
Schak August Steenberg Bull was a Norwegian architect.-Personal life:He was born in Årstad as the son of Colonel Jens Munthe Bull and his wife Johanne Margrethe Hagerup . His brother Edvard Hagerup Bull was a judge and politician, and his maternal grandfather was politician Edvard Hagerup...
.
Churches
Bull's first major commission was the Paulus Church in Kristiania. This church, built in gothic style, is located at GrünerløkkaGrünerløkka
Grünerløkka is a borough of the city of Oslo, Norway. Grünerløkka became part of the city of Oslo in 1858.Grünerløkka was named after Friedrich Grüner who bought a mill in the area from king Christian V of Denmark in 1672 . During the 19th century, Grünerløkka became a working class area...
, and was finished in 1892. He also did research work on the old stave church
Stave church
A stave church is a medieval wooden church with a post and beam construction related to timber framing. The wall frames are filled with vertical planks. The load-bearing posts have lent their name to the building technique...
es. His Uvdal Church was built in romantic style, and finished in 1893. Another of his works was the Åmot Church at Rena, a timber church.
Monumental buildings
Bull designed three of the most important new buildings in Kristiania around 1900. The National TheatreNationaltheatret
The National Theatre in Oslo is one of Norway's largest and most prominent venues for performance of dramatic arts.The theatre had its first performance on 1 September 1899 but can trace its origins to Christiania Theatre, which was founded in 1829...
(1891-1899) is regarded as one of the most successful buildings in Norway from the historicism
Historicism (art)
Historicism refers to artistic styles that draw their inspiration from copying historic styles or artisans. After neo-classicism, which could itself be considered a historicist movement, the 19th century saw a new historicist phase marked by a return to a more ancient classicism, in particular in...
period. The Historical Museum (1902) was based on deceased architect Karl August Henriksen's draft from 1890. The Government Building (1904) was based on a draft by architect Stener Lenschow from 1887/1891.
Jubilée exhibition 1914
Bull was responsible for the buildings at the Jubilée exhibition in Kristiania in 1914. He also designed several of the exhibition buildings, including the bridge, the Machinery Hall, the Industry Hall. The buildings were demolished after the exhibition.Design work
- Bull also designed furniture and other utilitarian articles. One of his works, an exclusive dining room set, is located at the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History at BygdøyBygdøyBygdøy or Bygdø is a peninsula on the western side of Oslo, Norway. Administratively, Bygdøy belongs to the borough of Frogner.Bygdøy has several museums, like the Kon-Tiki Museum, which shows all year long the legendary expeditions of Thor Heyerdahl; the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History ; the...
. His most widespread works were the coins designed for Norges Bank in 1907 and in 1923-1924. - The Art nouveauArt NouveauArt Nouveau is an international philosophy and style of art, architecture and applied art—especially the decorative arts—that were most popular during 1890–1910. The name "Art Nouveau" is French for "new art"...
or Jugendstyle residence of the United States Ambassador to NorwayUnited States Ambassador to NorwayPrior to 1905, Sweden and Norway were politically united. The United States Ambassador to Sweden thus was the US representative for Norway as well as Sweden. In 1905 Sweden and Norway peacefully separated and Norway became an independent constitutional monarchy. On November 14, 1905, the US State...
, called the Villa Otium, was designed by him.The building was inspired by Russian architecture, and was built for Hans Andreas Olsen, who had encountered the style when he was the Consul General for Norway at St. Petersburg, Russia with his wife Ester, the niece of Alfred NobelAlfred NobelAlfred Bernhard Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, innovator, and armaments manufacturer. He is the inventor of dynamite. Nobel also owned Bofors, which he had redirected from its previous role as primarily an iron and steel producer to a major manufacturer of cannon and other armaments...
.
See also
- OtiumOtiumOtium, a Latin abstract term, has a variety of meanings, including leisure time in which a person can enjoy eating, playing, resting, contemplation and academic endeavors. It sometimes, but not always, relates to a time in a person's retirement after previous service to the public or private...