Heinrich Berghaus
Encyclopedia
Heinrich Berghaus was a German
geographer
.
. He was trained as a surveyor, and after volunteering for active service under General Tauentzien
in 1813, joined the staff of the Prussian
trigonometrical survey in 1816. He carried on a geographical school at Potsdam
in company with Heinrich Lange, August Heinrich Petermann
, and others, and long held the professorship of applied mathematics
at the Bauakademie
. He died at Stettin (Szczecin)
on 17 February 1884.
Berghaus is most famous in connection with his cartographical work. His greatest achievement was the Physikalischer Atlas (Gotha, 1838–1848), in which work, as in others, his nephew Hermann Berghaus
(1828–1890) was associated with him. This atlas should form an illustration to Alexander von Humboldt
s Cosmos. It was planned to publish this atlas in Britain too, together with Alexander Keith Johnston, but it later was published in a different form by Johnston alone. Berghaus had also a share in the re-issue of the great Stieler Handatlas (originally produced by Adolf Stieler
in 1817–1823, see: Stielers Handatlas
), and in the production of other atlases.
Berghaus's written works were numerous and important, including Allgemeine Länder- und Völkerkunde (Stuttgart, 1837–1840), Grundriss der Geographie in fünf Büchern (Berlin, 1842), Die Völker des Erdballs (Leipzig, 1845–1847), Was man von der Erde weiß (Berlin, 1856–1860), and various large works on Germany. In 1863 he published Briefwechsel mit Alexander von Humboldt (Leipzig).
The island in Franz Josef Land
known as Ostrov Bergkhauz
(Остров Бергхауз), was named after Heinrich Berghaus.
Monographs (excerpt)
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
geographer
Geographer
A geographer is a scholar whose area of study is geography, the study of Earth's natural environment and human society.Although geographers are historically known as people who make maps, map making is actually the field of study of cartography, a subset of geography...
.
Life
Berghaus was born at KleveKleve
Kleve , is a town in the Lower Rhine region of northwestern Germany near the Dutch border and the River Rhine. From the 11th century onwards, Kleve was capital of a county and later a duchy...
. He was trained as a surveyor, and after volunteering for active service under General Tauentzien
Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel von Tauentzien
Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel Graf Tauentzien von Wittenberg was a Prussian general of the Napoleonic Wars....
in 1813, joined the staff of the Prussian
Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire...
trigonometrical survey in 1816. He carried on a geographical school at Potsdam
Potsdam
Potsdam is the capital city of the German federal state of Brandenburg and part of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. It is situated on the River Havel, southwest of Berlin city centre....
in company with Heinrich Lange, August Heinrich Petermann
August Heinrich Petermann
August Heinrich Petermann was a German cartographer.-Early years:Petermann was born in Bleicherode, Germany. When he was 14 years old he started grammar school in the nearby town of Nordhausen...
, and others, and long held the professorship of applied mathematics
Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is a branch of mathematics that concerns itself with mathematical methods that are typically used in science, engineering, business, and industry. Thus, "applied mathematics" is a mathematical science with specialized knowledge...
at the Bauakademie
Bauakademie
The Bauakademie in Berlin, Germany, built between 1832 and 1836, is considered one of the forerunners of modern architecture due to its theretofore uncommon use of red brick and the relatively streamlined facade of the building.Designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel, the Bauakademie was built near...
. He died at Stettin (Szczecin)
Szczecin
Szczecin , is the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. It is the country's seventh-largest city and the largest seaport in Poland on the Baltic Sea. As of June 2009 the population was 406,427....
on 17 February 1884.
Berghaus is most famous in connection with his cartographical work. His greatest achievement was the Physikalischer Atlas (Gotha, 1838–1848), in which work, as in others, his nephew Hermann Berghaus
Hermann Berghaus
Hermann Berghaus was a German cartographer.-Biography:He was a nephew of Heinrich Berghaus. During most of his life, he was cartographer in the Geographical Institute of Justus Perthes at Gotha. His best known work is a chart of the world which went through at least 11 editions...
(1828–1890) was associated with him. This atlas should form an illustration to Alexander von Humboldt
Alexander von Humboldt
Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander Freiherr von Humboldt was a German naturalist and explorer, and the younger brother of the Prussian minister, philosopher and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt...
s Cosmos. It was planned to publish this atlas in Britain too, together with Alexander Keith Johnston, but it later was published in a different form by Johnston alone. Berghaus had also a share in the re-issue of the great Stieler Handatlas (originally produced by Adolf Stieler
Adolf Stieler
Adolf Stieler was a German cartographer who worked most of his life in the Justus Perthes Geographical Institute in Gotha.His atlases are deservedly held in high esteem for their excellence...
in 1817–1823, see: Stielers Handatlas
Stielers Handatlas
Stielers Handatlas , formally titled "Hand-Atlas über alle Theile der Erde und über das Weltgebäude" , was the leading German world atlas of the last three decades of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century...
), and in the production of other atlases.
Berghaus's written works were numerous and important, including Allgemeine Länder- und Völkerkunde (Stuttgart, 1837–1840), Grundriss der Geographie in fünf Büchern (Berlin, 1842), Die Völker des Erdballs (Leipzig, 1845–1847), Was man von der Erde weiß (Berlin, 1856–1860), and various large works on Germany. In 1863 he published Briefwechsel mit Alexander von Humboldt (Leipzig).
The island in Franz Josef Land
Franz Josef Land
Franz Josef Land, Franz Joseph Land, or Francis Joseph's Land is an archipelago located in the far north of Russia. It is found in the Arctic Ocean north of Novaya Zemlya and east of Svalbard, and is administered by Arkhangelsk Oblast. Franz Josef Land consists of 191 ice-covered islands with a...
known as Ostrov Bergkhauz
Gallya
Hall Island is an island in Franz Josef Land, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.Hall Island is almost completely glacierized...
(Остров Бергхауз), was named after Heinrich Berghaus.
Works
Magazines and other literature edited with his participation- Hertha (mit K. F. V. Hoffmann, 1825–1829)
- Annalen der Erd-, Völker- und Staatenkunde (Berlin 1830–43, 28 volumes)
- Almanach, den Freunden der Erdkunde gewidmet (vol. 1–3, Stuttgart 1837–39; vol. 4 and 5, Gotha 1840–41)
- Geographische Jahrbuch (vol. 1–4, Stuttgart 1850–1852; continued as Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen).
Monographs (excerpt)
- Allgemeine Länder- und Völkerkunde (Stuttgart 1837–40, 5 volumes)
- Grundriß der Geographie in fünf Büchern (Berlin 1842) online
- Die Völker des Erdballs (Leipzig 1845–47, 2 volumes; new edition 1862)
- Die Grundlinien der Ethnographie (Stuttgart 1850, 2nd ed., 1856)
- Landbuch der Mark Brandenburg und des Markgraftums Niederlausitz (Brandenburg 1853–56, 3 volumes)
- Was man von der Erde weiß (Berlin 1856–1860, 4 volumes)
- Deutschland seit hundert Jahren - Geschichte der Gebiets-Einteilung und der politischen Verfassung des Vaterlandes (Leipzig 1859–62, 5 volumes)
- Part I: Deutschland vor hundert Jahren
- Part II: Deutschland vor fünfzig Jahren
- Wallfahrt durch's Leben ... (Berghaus' autobiografische Erinnerungen) Leipzig, 1862 (vol. 1 + 2) online, (Vol. 3 - 289 pages) online, (Vol. 4 - 236 pages) online, (Vol. 5 - 269 pages) online, (Vol. 6 - 228 pages) online, (Vol. 7 - 245 pages) online, (Vol. 8 - 230 pages) online, (Vol. 9 - 256 pages) online.
- Briefwechsel mit Alexander von HumboldtAlexander von HumboldtFriedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander Freiherr von Humboldt was a German naturalist and explorer, and the younger brother of the Prussian minister, philosopher and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt...
, 3 volumes (Leipzig 1863) - Blücher als Mitglied der Pommerschen Ritterschaft 1777-1817 und beim Preußischen Heere am Rhein 1794. Anklam 1863, online
- Landbuch des Herzogtums Pommern - Schilderung der Zustände dieser Lande in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts (Anklam 1862–1868, 13 volumes), including:
- Part II: Landbuch des Herzogtums Stettin, von Kammin und Hinterpommern; oder des Verwaltungsbezirks der Königlichen Regierung zu Stettin.
- Vol. 1: Kreise Demmin, Anklam, Usedom-Wollin und Ueckermünde. Anklam 1865, 1094 pages, online.
- Vol. 2: Randowscher Kreis und Allgemeines über die Kreise auf dem linken Oder-Ufer, Anklam 1865, online.
- Vol. 3: Kreise Greifenhagen und Pyritz, Anklam 1868, online.
- Vol. 4: Saatziger Kreis, insbesondere Stadt Stargard, Anklam 1867, online.
- Part III: Landbuch des Herzogtums Kaschubien und der einverleibten Kreise der Neumark; oder des Verwaltungs-Bezirks der Königlichen Regierung zu Köslin westlicher Teil.
- Vol. 1: Kreise Fürstentum Kammin und Belgard. Anklam 1867, online
- Part IV: Landbuch von Neu-Vorpommern und der Insel Rügen, oder des Verwaltungs-Bezirks der Königlichen Regierung zu Stralsund.
- Vol. 2 Greifswalder Kreis, Anklam 1868, 1232 pages, online.
- Part II: Landbuch des Herzogtums Stettin, von Kammin und Hinterpommern; oder des Verwaltungsbezirks der Königlichen Regierung zu Stettin.
- Geschichte der Stadt Stettin, der Hauptstadt von Pommern - Topographisch-statistisch beschrieben nach allen Richtungen ihres politischen, bürgerlichen, merkantilischen und kirchlichen Lebens (Berlin/Wriezen 1875–76, 2 volumes)
- Vol. 1, 1102 pages
- Vol 2, 1115 pages
See also
- Web archive of the great German Hand-Atlases. Berghaus Physikalischer Atlas online: handatlas.de