Heidelberg School
Encyclopedia
The Heidelberg School was an Australian art movement
Art movement
An art movement is a tendency or style in art with a specific common philosophy or goal, followed by a group of artists during a restricted period of time, or, at least, with the heyday of the movement defined within a number of years...

 of the late 19th century. The movement has latterly been described as Australian Impressionism.

The term was coined in July 1891 by local art critic Sidney Dickenson, reviewing the works of Melbourne
Melbourne
Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...

-based artists Arthur Streeton
Arthur Streeton
Sir Arthur Ernest Streeton was an Australian landscape painter.-Early life:Streeton was born in Mount Duneed, near Geelong, and his family moved to Richmond in 1874. In 1882, Streeton commenced art studies with G. F. Folingsby at the National Gallery School.Streeton was influenced by French...

 and Walter Withers
Walter Withers
Walter Herbert Withers was an Australian landscape artist and a member of the Heidelberg School of Australian impressionists.- Biography :...

. Dickenson noted that these artists, whose works were mostly painted in the Heidelberg
Heidelberg, Victoria
Heidelberg is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 11 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Banyule....

 area, could be considered as "The Heidelberg School". Since that time, The Heidelberg School has taken on a wider meaning and covers Australian artists of the late nineteenth century who painted plein-air in the impressionist tradition. These artists were inspired by the beautiful landscapes of the Yarra
Yarra River
The Yarra River, originally Birrarung, is a river in east-central Victoria, Australia. The lower stretches of the river is where the city of Melbourne was established in 1835 and today Greater Melbourne dominates and influences the landscape of its lower reaches...

 and the unique light that typifies the Australian bush.

The works of these artists are notable, not only for their merits as compositions, but as part of Australia's historical record. The period immediately before Federation
Federation of Australia
The Federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British self-governing colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia formed one nation...

 is the setting for many classic Australian stories of the "bush", both fact and fiction. The School's work provides a visual complement to these tales and their images have embedded themselves into Australia's historical subconscious. Many of the artworks can be seen in Australian galleries, notably the National Gallery of Victoria
National Gallery of Victoria
The National Gallery of Victoria is an art gallery and museum in Melbourne, Australia. Founded in 1861, it is the oldest and the largest public art gallery in Australia. Since December 2003, NGV has operated across two sites...

, the National Gallery of Australia
National Gallery of Australia
The National Gallery of Australia is the national art gallery of Australia, holding more than 120,000 works of art. It was established in 1967 by the Australian government as a national public art gallery.- Establishment :...

 and the Ballarat Fine Art Gallery
Ballarat Fine Art Gallery
Art Gallery of Ballarat is the oldest and largest regional art gallery in Australia. Established in 1884 as the Ballarat Fine Art Gallery by the citizens of Ballarat both the building and part of its collection is listed on the Victorian Heritage Registerand by the National Trust of Victoria.The...

.

History

The name refers to the then rural area of Heidelberg
Heidelberg, Victoria
Heidelberg is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 11 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Banyule....

 east of Melbourne
Melbourne
Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...

 where practitioners of the style found their subject matter, though usage expanded to cover other Australian artists working in similar areas. The core group painted there on several occasions at "artist's camps" in the late 1880s and early 1890s. Besides Arthur Streeton
Arthur Streeton
Sir Arthur Ernest Streeton was an Australian landscape painter.-Early life:Streeton was born in Mount Duneed, near Geelong, and his family moved to Richmond in 1874. In 1882, Streeton commenced art studies with G. F. Folingsby at the National Gallery School.Streeton was influenced by French...

 and Walter Withers
Walter Withers
Walter Herbert Withers was an Australian landscape artist and a member of the Heidelberg School of Australian impressionists.- Biography :...

, other major artists in the movement included Tom Roberts
Tom Roberts
Thomas William Roberts , usually known simply as Tom, was a prominent Australian artist and a key member of the Heidelberg School.-Life:...

, Frederick McCubbin
Frederick McCubbin
Frederick McCubbin was an Australian painter who was prominent in the Heidelberg School, one of the more important periods in Australia's visual arts history....

 and Charles Conder
Charles Conder
Charles Edward Conder was an English-born painter, lithographer and designer. He emigrated to Australia and was a key figure in the Heidelberg School, arguably the beginning of a distinctively Australian tradition in Western art.-Early life:Conder was born in Tottenham, Middlesex, the second son,...

. See below for a list of other associated artists.

9 by 5 Impression Exhibition

In August 1889, several artists of the Heidelberg School staged the 9 by 5 Impression Exhibition
9 by 5 Impression Exhibition
The 9 by 5 Impression Exhibition was an art exhibition in Melbourne, Australia. The exhibition was opened on 17 August 1889 in Buxton's Rooms on Swanston Street and featured 183 works; the majority of which were painted by the Australian impressionists Tom Roberts, Charles Conder and Arthur Streeton...

 at Buxton's Rooms, Swanston Street, opposite the Melbourne Town Hall
Melbourne Town Hall
Melbourne Town Hall is the central municipal building of the City of Melbourne, Australia, in the State of Victoria. It is located on the northeast corner of Swanston and Collins Streets, in the central business district. It is the seat of the Local Government Area of the City of Melbourne...

. The exhibition's three principal artists were Charles Conder, Tom Roberts and Arthur Streeton, with minor contributions from Frederick McCubbin, R.E. Falls, Herbert Daly, and sculptor Charles Douglas Richardson
Charles Douglas Richardson
Charles Douglas Richardson was one of the most gifted sculptors working in Australia at c. 1900. His contemporary Bertram Mackennal was a highly enterprising sculptor, who had a more business-like approach to promoting his work...

, who exhibited five sculpted impressions. Many of the 183 works included were painted on 9 by 5 inch (23 × 13 cm) cigar-box panels, scrounged from local tobacconists. The flat frames were supplied by a timber merchant and decorated by the artists, giving the works an "unconventional, avant garde look". Response from critics and the public was mixed. The most scathing review came from The Argus
The Argus (Australia)
The Argus was a morning daily newspaper in Melbourne established in 1846 and closed in 1957. Widely known as a conservative newspaper for most of its history, it adopted a left leaning approach from 1949...

 James Smith
James Smith (journalist)
James Smith was an English-born Australian journalist and encyclopedist.-Early life:Smith was born at Loose near Maidstone, Kent, England, son of James Smith, supervisor of inland revenue, and his wife Mary...

, who said the 9 by 5s were "destitute of all sense of the beautiful" and "whatever influence it was likely to exercise could scarcely be otherwise than misleading and pernicious." The artists pasted up the review outside the entrance of the venue—attracting many more passing pedestrians—and responded to James Smith with a manifesto. In it they defended their freedom of choice in subject and technique, concluding:
The 9 by 5 Impression Exhibition is now regarded as a landmark in Australian art history. Approximately one-third of the 9 by 5s have survived, many of which are held in Australia's public collections.

Influences and style

The School's artists were clearly influenced by the international Impressionist movement, and took up many of the concepts of the group. They regularly painted plein air landscapes, as well as using art to depict daily life. They showed a keen interest in the instantaneous effects of lighting, and experimented with a variety of brushstroke techniques; McCubbin in particular used the small, contrasting blocks of strong colour that were a trademark of some Impressionist work. However, these artists should not be viewed as merely copying an international trend. Works of the Heidelberg school are generally viewed as some of the first Western art to realistically and sensitively depict the Australian landscape
The Bush
"The bush" is a term used for rural, undeveloped land or country areas in certain countries.-Australia:The term is iconic in Australia. In reference to the landscape, "bush" describes a wooded area, intermediate between a shrubland and a forest, generally of dry and nitrogen-poor soil, mostly...

 as it actually exists. Many earlier works look like European scenes and do not reflect the harsh sunlight, earthier colours, and distinctive vegetation of the land they painted.

Associated artists

Artists associated with the Heidelberg School include:
  • Alice Boyd
  • Louis Buvelot
    Louis Buvelot
    Louis Buvelot , born Abram-Louis Buvelot, was a Swiss-born landscape painter who emigrated to Australia in 1865 and influenced the Heidelberg School of painters.-Early life:...

  • Charles Conder
    Charles Conder
    Charles Edward Conder was an English-born painter, lithographer and designer. He emigrated to Australia and was a key figure in the Heidelberg School, arguably the beginning of a distinctively Australian tradition in Western art.-Early life:Conder was born in Tottenham, Middlesex, the second son,...

  • David Davies
    David Davies (artist)
    David Davies was an Australian artist associated with the Heidelberg School, the first significant Western art movement in Australia.Davies was born in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia....

  • Emanuel Phillips Fox
  • Ethel Carrick Fox
    Ethel Carrick
    Ethel Carrick Fox was the wife of painter Emanuel Phillips Fox and a major artist in her own right.Carrick studied at the Slade School. She married E. Phillips Fox in 1905 and moved to Paris...

  • Eugene Von Guerard
    Eugene von Guerard
    Johann Joseph Eugene von GuérardHis first name is variously spelled "Eugen", "Eugene", "Eugène", one source mentions "Jean" ; his surname is spelled "Guerard" or "Guérard". The most frequent combination is that used by the National Gallery of Australia: "Eugene von Guérard"...

  • Frederick McCubbin
    Frederick McCubbin
    Frederick McCubbin was an Australian painter who was prominent in the Heidelberg School, one of the more important periods in Australia's visual arts history....

  • Jane Price
  • Charles Douglas Richardson
    Charles Douglas Richardson
    Charles Douglas Richardson was one of the most gifted sculptors working in Australia at c. 1900. His contemporary Bertram Mackennal was a highly enterprising sculptor, who had a more business-like approach to promoting his work...

  • Tom Roberts
    Tom Roberts
    Thomas William Roberts , usually known simply as Tom, was a prominent Australian artist and a key member of the Heidelberg School.-Life:...

  • John Thomas Nightingale Rowell
  • William Nicholas Rowell
  • Arthur Streeton
    Arthur Streeton
    Sir Arthur Ernest Streeton was an Australian landscape painter.-Early life:Streeton was born in Mount Duneed, near Geelong, and his family moved to Richmond in 1874. In 1882, Streeton commenced art studies with G. F. Folingsby at the National Gallery School.Streeton was influenced by French...

  • Clara Southern
    Clara Southern
    Clara Southern was an Australian artist associated with the Heidelberg School, also known as Australian Impressionism....

  • Jane Sutherland
    Jane Sutherland
    Jane Sutherland was an Australian landscape painter pioneer of the plein-air movement in Australia, she was also notable for her advocacy to advance the professional standing of women artists....

  • Tudor St George Tucker
    Tudor St George Tucker
    Tudor St George Tucker was born in Finchley in Middlesex the son of Captain Charlton Nassau Tucker, a retired cavalry officer in the East India Company's service. He came to Melbourne in 1881 in search of a healthier climate...

  • May Vale
  • Walter Withers
    Walter Withers
    Walter Herbert Withers was an Australian landscape artist and a member of the Heidelberg School of Australian impressionists.- Biography :...

  • George Folingsby

Locations

  • Heidelberg
    Heidelberg, Victoria
    Heidelberg is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 11 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Banyule....

  • Bulleen
    Bulleen, Victoria
    Bulleen is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 12 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Manningham. At the 2006 Census, Bulleen had a population of 10,528.-Etymology:...

  • Templestowe
    Templestowe, Victoria
    "Templestowe" redirects here. For the Victorian Legislative Council Province, please see Templestowe Province.Templestowe is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 17 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Manningham...

  • Warrandyte
  • Eltham
    Eltham, Victoria
    Eltham is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 20 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Nillumbik. At the 2006 Census, Eltham had a population of 17,581....

  • Research
    Research, Victoria
    Research is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Nillumbik. At the 2006 Census, Research had a population of 2379.-History:...

  • Diamond Creek
    Diamond Creek, Victoria
    Diamond Creek is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 23 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Nillumbik...

  • Ferntree Gully
    Ferntree Gully, Victoria
    Ferntree Gully is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, in the Dandenong Ranges, 29 km east from Melbourne's central business district. It is in the Local Government Area's of the Shire of Yarra Ranges and the City of Knox...

  • Kallista
    Kallista, Victoria
    Kallista is a locality within Greater Melbourne beyond the Melbourne metropolitan area Urban Growth Boundary, 36 km south-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges...

  • Olinda
    Olinda, Victoria
    Olinda is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 36 km east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges. At the 2006 Census, Olinda had a population of 1568.-History:...

  • Mount Dandenong
    Mount Dandenong, Victoria
    Mount Dandenong is both a mountain and small township/suburb of Greater Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 35 km east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges...

  • Kalorama
    Kalorama, Victoria
    Kalorama is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 35 km east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges. At the 2006 Census, Kalorama had a population of 1,157....

  • Silvan
    Silvan, Victoria
    Silvan is a town in Victoria, Australia, 40 km east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges...

  • Lilydale
    Lilydale, Victoria
    Lilydale is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 35 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district situated in the Olinda Creek valley. At the 2006 Census, Lilydale had a population of 13,887...

  • Yarra Glen
    Yarra Glen, Victoria
    Yarra Glen is a town in Victoria, Australia, 40 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges...

  • Coldstream
    Coldstream, Victoria
    Coldstream is a locality and township within Greater Melbourne beyond the Melbourne metropolitan area Urban Growth Boundary, 36 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges...

  • Yering
    Yering, Victoria
    Yering is a town in Victoria, Australia, 38 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges.Yering was home to one of Victoria's first wineries.-History:...


Artists Trail

The Heidelberg Artists Trail is a self-drive, cycling and walking trail that includes a series of 57 explanatory signs and boards situated in locations frequented by artists of the Heidelberg School. The signs display reproductions and descriptions of some of the most famous paintings, and are popular with school groups who have an interest in the arts and the natural environment. The trail winds for approximately 40 km through much of Jagajaga, including the municipalities of Banyule
Banyule City Council
The City of Banyule is a Local Government Area in Victoria, Australia, located in the north-eastern suburbs of Melbourne. It has an area of and lies between 7 and 21 km from central Melbourne. The Yarra River runs along the City’s south border while the west is defined by Darebin Creek.At the...

, Nillumbik
Shire of Nillumbik
The Shire of Nillumbik is a Local Government Area in Victoria, Australia. It contains some outer northern suburbs of Melbourne and rural localities beyond the urban area. It has an area of 435 square kilometres and has an estimated population of 62,837 people...

 and Manningham
City of Manningham
The City of Manningham is a Local Government Area in Victoria, Australia. It is located in the northeastern suburbs of Melbourne. The total population is 118,544 , divided up into 10 suburbs, the largest being Doncaster and Templestowe, over an area of 113 square kilometres.The district spans a...

, through to the Yarra Valley
Yarra Valley
The Yarra Valley is the name given to the region surrounding the Yarra River in Victoria, Australia. The river originates approximately 90 kilometres east of the City of Melbourne and flows towards it and out into Port Phillip Bay...

 and the Dandenong Ranges
Dandenong Ranges
The Dandenong Ranges are a set of low mountain ranges, rising to 633 metres at Mount Dandenong, approximately 35 km east of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia...

.

Locations

Below is a numbered list of all the signs on the trail and works featured on them (trail length shown in brackets):
  • Central Heidelberg
    Heidelberg, Victoria
    Heidelberg is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 11 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Banyule....

     (1.5 km)
1. Charles Conder, Impressionists’ Camp, 1889
2. Walter Withers, The Last Summer, 1898
3. Walter Withers, A Bright Winter's Morning, 1894
4. Walter Withers, The Farm, 1890
5. Walter Withers, Early Morning Heidelberg, 1898
6. Walter Withers, The Storm, 1896
  • Eaglemont
    Eaglemont, Victoria
    Eaglemont is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 10 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Banyule...

     (600m)
7. Arthur Streeton, The Selector's Hut: Whelan on the Log, 1890
8. Arthur Streeton, Eaglemont, 1889
9. Walter Withers, The Yarra Below Eaglemont, 1895
  • East Ivanhoe (100m)
10. Emanuel Phillips Fox, A Love Story, 1903
11. Emanuel Phillips Fox, Art Students, 1895
12. Tudor St George Tucker, Young Girl in a Garden, 1895
  • Yarra Flats Park
    Bulleen, Victoria
    Bulleen is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 12 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Manningham. At the 2006 Census, Bulleen had a population of 10,528.-Etymology:...

     (3.8 km)
13. Emanuel Phillips Fox, Moonrise Heidelberg, 1900
14. Walter Withers, Chartersville near Eaglemont, Victoria, 1890
15. Arthur Streeton, Sill Glides the Stream & Shall Forever Glide, 1890
16. Arthur Streeton, Above Us the Great Grave Sky, 1890
17. Arthur Streeton, Golden Summer, Eaglemont, 1889
18. Arthur Streeton, Near Heidelberg, 1890
19. Louis Buvelot, Winter Morning near Heidelberg, 1866
20. Walter Withers, Tranquil Winter, 1895
  • Banksia Park (200m)
21. Arthur Streeton, Spring, 1890
22. Tom Roberts, Quiet Stream, Heidelberg, 1885
23. Charles Conder, The Yarra Heidelberg Boys Bathing, 1890
  • Templestowe (1.7 km)
24. David Davies, Evening at Templestowe, 1897
25. Louis Buvelot, Summer Afternoon, Templstowe, 1866
26. Arthur Streeton, The Road to Templestowe, 1889
27. David Davies, Moonrise, 1894
  • Warrandyte (800m)
28. Clara Southern, A Cool Corner, 1918
29. Clara Southern, Warrandyte Hotel, 1910
30. Clara Southern, Evensong, 1900
31. Walter Withers, Old Bridge, Warrnadyte
  • Eltham
    Eltham, Victoria
    Eltham is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 20 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Nillumbik. At the 2006 Census, Eltham had a population of 17,581....

     (1.5 km)
32. Walter Withers, Country Road, 1898
33. Walter Withers, Spring, 1910
34. Walter Withers, On the Eltham Road, 1906
35. Walter Withers, The Drover, 1912
36. Walter Withers, Landscape with Sheep
37. Walter Withers, The Silent Gums, 1909
  • Research
    Research, Victoria
    Research is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Nillumbik. At the 2006 Census, Research had a population of 2379.-History:...

     (500m)
38. Clara Southern, An Old Bee Farm, 1900
39. Clara Southern, A Country Wash-House, 1905
40. Clara Southern, Audrey and Chickapick, 1911
41. Clara Southern, The Artist’s Home, 1909
  • Diamond Creek
    Diamond Creek, Victoria
    Diamond Creek is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 23 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Nillumbik...

     (500m)
42. May Vale, The Orchard, 1904
43. Jane Price, Moonrise
  • Ferntree Gully
    Ferntree Gully, Victoria
    Ferntree Gully is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, in the Dandenong Ranges, 29 km east from Melbourne's central business district. It is in the Local Government Area's of the Shire of Yarra Ranges and the City of Knox...

44. Eugene Von Guerard, Ferntree Gully in the Dandenong Ranges, 1857
  • Kallista
    Kallista, Victoria
    Kallista is a locality within Greater Melbourne beyond the Melbourne metropolitan area Urban Growth Boundary, 36 km south-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges...

     (200m)
45. Tom Roberts, Washing Day, Kallista, 1923
46. Tom Roberts, Country Road Makers, 1923
47. Tom Roberts, Sherbrooke Forest, 1924
  • Olinda
    Olinda, Victoria
    Olinda is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 36 km east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges. At the 2006 Census, Olinda had a population of 1568.-History:...

     (100m)
48. Arthur Streeton, Golden Afternoon, Olinda, 1924
49. Arthur Streeton, View from Farmer’s, Olinda, 1924
  • Mount Dandenong & Kalorama
50. Arthur Streeton, The Cloud (Storm over Macedon), 1936
51. Arthur Streeton, Observatory Road Kalorama Park looking towards Silvan, 1937
  • Silvan
    Silvan, Victoria
    Silvan is a town in Victoria, Australia, 40 km east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges...

52. Arthur Streeton, Silvan Dam, 1930
  • Lilydale
    Lilydale, Victoria
    Lilydale is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 35 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district situated in the Olinda Creek valley. At the 2006 Census, Lilydale had a population of 13,887...

53. Arthur Streeton, Mitchell’s Lime Quarry, 1935
  • Coldstream
    Coldstream, Victoria
    Coldstream is a locality and township within Greater Melbourne beyond the Melbourne metropolitan area Urban Growth Boundary, 36 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges...

     (100m)
54. Arthur Streeton, Melba’s Farm, 1914
55. William Nicholas Rowell, Lilydale Road, 1928
  • Yering
    Yering, Victoria
    Yering is a town in Victoria, Australia, 38 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges.Yering was home to one of Victoria's first wineries.-History:...

56. Arthur Streeton, Chrysanthemums, 1891
  • Yarra Glen
    Yarra Glen, Victoria
    Yarra Glen is a town in Victoria, Australia, 40 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the Shire of Yarra Ranges...

57. Theodore Penleigh Boyd, The Boyd Homestead at Yarra Glen, 1910

See also

  • Visual arts of Australia
  • Impressionism
    Impressionism
    Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement that originated with a group of Paris-based artists whose independent exhibitions brought them to prominence during the 1870s and 1880s...

  • 9 by 5 Impression Exhibition
    9 by 5 Impression Exhibition
    The 9 by 5 Impression Exhibition was an art exhibition in Melbourne, Australia. The exhibition was opened on 17 August 1889 in Buxton's Rooms on Swanston Street and featured 183 works; the majority of which were painted by the Australian impressionists Tom Roberts, Charles Conder and Arthur Streeton...

  • Box Hill artists' camp
    Box Hill artists' camp
    The Box Hill artists’ camp was a site in Box Hill, Victoria, Australia favoured for plein air painting in the late 1880s by a group of artists who were part of a movement that later became known as the Heidelberg School....

  • Charterisville
    Charterisville
    Charterisville is the name given to the residence and property at 77 Burke Road Ivanhoe, Victoria Australia closely associated with the Heidelberg School of Australian art....


External resources

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