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Heavy industry does not have a single fixed meaning as compared to light industry
Light industry

Light industry is usually less Capital intensive than heavy industry, and is more consumer-oriented than business-oriented . Light industry facilities typically have less natural environmental impact than those associated with heavy industry, and zoning laws are more likely to permit light industry near residential areas....
. It can mean production of products which are either heavy in weight or in the processes leading to their production. In general, it is a popular term used within the name of many Japanese and Korean firms, meaning 'construction' for big projects. Example projects include the construction of large buildings, chemical plants, the H-IIA rocket and also includes the production of construction equipment such as cranes and bulldozers.






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Heavy industry does not have a single fixed meaning as compared to light industry
Light industry

Light industry is usually less Capital intensive than heavy industry, and is more consumer-oriented than business-oriented . Light industry facilities typically have less natural environmental impact than those associated with heavy industry, and zoning laws are more likely to permit light industry near residential areas....
. It can mean production of products which are either heavy in weight or in the processes leading to their production. In general, it is a popular term used within the name of many Japanese and Korean firms, meaning 'construction' for big projects. Example projects include the construction of large buildings, chemical plants, the H-IIA rocket and also includes the production of construction equipment such as cranes and bulldozers. Alternatively, heavy industry projects can be generalized as more capital
Capital (economics)

In economics, capital or capital goods or real capital refers to factors of production used to create goods or services that are not themselves significantly consumed in the production process....
 intensive or as requiring greater or more advanced resources, facilities or management.

Heavy industry in law and government

Heavy industry is often defined by governments and planners in terms of its impacts on the environment. These definitions concentrate on the seriousness of any capital
Capital (economics)

In economics, capital or capital goods or real capital refers to factors of production used to create goods or services that are not themselves significantly consumed in the production process....
 investment required to begin production or of the ecological
Ecology

Ecology is the science study of the distribution and Abundance of life and the interactions between organisms and their nature environment ....
 effect of its associated resource gathering practices and by-products. In these senses, the semiconductor industry is regarded as "heavier" than the consumer electronics
Consumer electronics

Consumer electronics include electronic equipment intended for everyday use. Consumer electronics are most often used in entertainment, communications and office productivity....
 industry even though microchips
Integrated circuit

In electronics, an integrated circuit is a miniaturized electronic circuit that has been manufactured in the surface of a thin Wafer of semiconductor material....
 are much more expensive by weight than the products they control.

Heavy industry is also sometimes a special designation in local zoning
Zoning

Zoning is a device of land use regulation used by local governments in most developed countries . The word is derived from the practice of designating permitted uses of land based on mapped zones which separate one set of land uses from another....
 laws.

Many pollution control laws are based on heavy industry, since heavy industry is usually blamed for pollution
Pollution

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem i.e. physical systems or living organisms ....
 more than any other economic activity, rightly or not.

Heavy industry in firm names

Many conglomerate
Conglomerate (company)

A conglomerate is a company that consists of multiple distinct and often unrelated businesses. Conglomerates are often large and can be formed by merging more than three businesses together....
s in Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
 (keiretsu
Keiretsu

A is a set of company with interlocking business relationships and shareholder. It is a type of business group....
) and South Korea
South Korea

South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea , ), often referred to as Korea and the "names of Korea#Revival of the names", is a Semi-presidential system republic in East Asia, located in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula....
 (chaebol
Chaebol

Chaebol refers to a South Korean form of business conglomerate . They are government-supported powerful global multinationals, often larger than entire countries' economies, owning numerous international enterprises....
), call divisions or companies responsible for capital-intensive manufacturing (shipbuilding, mining, industrial machinery) their "heavy industry" group. All industries have heavy machinery.

Japan:
  • Fuji Heavy Industries
    Fuji Heavy Industries

    , or FHI, is a Japanese company which traces its origins to the Nakajima Aircraft Company , which was the leader in aircraft manufacture for the Japanese military during WWII....
  • Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries
    Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries

    , formerly known as , is a Japanese company which produces ships, aero-engines, turbochargers for automobiles, industrial machines, power station boilers and other facilities, suspension bridges and other transport-related machinery....
  • Kawasaki Heavy Industries
    Kawasaki Heavy Industries

    is an international corporation based in Japan. It has headquarters in both Chuo-ku, Kobe, Kobe and Minato, Tokyo.The company is named after its founder Shozo Kawasaki and has no connection with the city of Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Kanagawa....
  • Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
    Mitsubishi Heavy Industries

    , or MHI, is a Japanese company. It is one of the core companies of Mitsubishi Group....


South Korea:
  • Hyundai Heavy Industries
    Hyundai Heavy Industries

    Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. is the world's largest shipbuilder company, headquartered in Ulsan, South Korea. The company is a subsidiary of Hyundai Heavy Industries Group....
  • Samsung Heavy Industries
    Samsung Heavy Industries

    Samsung Heavy Industries or SHI is one of the largest shipbuilders in the world and one of the "Big Three" shipbuilders of South Korea. A core subsidiary of the Samsung Group, South Korea's largest conglomerate, SHI has its main focus on shipbuilding, offshore floaters, digital devices for ships and construction & engineering concerns....
  • Hanjin
    Hanjin

    The Hanjin Group is a Korean Conglomerate , or Chaebol. The group is a holding company that includes a shipping company, Hanjin Shipping , and Korean Air , which was acquired in 1969....
     Heavy Industries
  • Daewoo
    Daewoo

    Daewoo was a major South Korean chaebol . It was founded on 22 March 1967 as Daewoo Industrial and was dismantled by the Korean government in 1999....
     Heavy Industries