Harvey Prize
Encyclopedia
The Harvey Prize is awarded by the Technion in Haifa, Israel. It is awarded in different disciplines of Science, Technology, Human Health, and Contributions to Peace in the Middle East. Two awards - each of $75,000 - are given away annually. The winners are selected by experts in the field.

The prizes, first awarded in 1972, are awarded in a rotation of five year cycle:
  • first year: One prize in Science and Technology - One prize in Human Health
  • second year: One prize in Science and Technology - One prize for Outstanding Contribution to Peace in the Middle East
  • third year: Two prizes in Science and Technology
  • fourth year: One prize in Science and Technology - One prize in Human Health
  • fifth year: Two prizes in Science and Technology

List of recipients

Below is a list of recipients of the prize:
  • 1972 – William J. Kolff
    Willem Johan Kolff
    Willem Johan "Pim" Kolff was a pioneer of hemodialysis as well as in the field of artificial organs. Willem is a member of the Kolff family, an old Dutch patrician family. He made his major discoveries in the field of dialysis for kidney failure during the Second World War...

    , U.S.A. – "Invention of the artificial kidney."
  • 1972 – Claude E. Shannon, U.S.A. – "Mathematical theory of communication known as the Science of Information Theory."
  • 1974 – Alan Howard Cottrell, U.K. – "Comprehensive theories concerning the mechanical properties of materials."
  • 1974 – Gershom Scholem
    Gershom Scholem
    Gerhard Scholem who, after his immigration from Germany to Palestine, changed his name to Gershom Scholem , was a German-born Israeli Jewish philosopher and historian, born and raised in Germany...

    , Israel – "Literature of profound insight into the life and mores of the peoples of the Middle East."
  • 1975 – George Klein
    George Klein (biologist)
    George Klein is a biologist who has specialized in studying certain types of tumors. He started a tumor biology center at Karolinska Institute and made a connection there between the epstein-Barr virus and lymphomas and other cancers. He is married to Eva Klein, also a biologist, and has a son...

    , Sweden – "Discoveries in cancer immunology."
  • 1975 – Edward Teller
    Edward Teller
    Edward Teller was a Hungarian-American theoretical physicist, known colloquially as "the father of the hydrogen bomb," even though he did not care for the title. Teller made numerous contributions to nuclear and molecular physics, spectroscopy , and surface physics...

    , U.S.A. – "Discoveries in atomic, nuclear and solid state physics and their practical application for the production of energy."
  • 1976 – Saul Lieberman
    Saul Lieberman
    Saul Lieberman , also known as Rabbi Shaul Lieberman or The Gra"sh , was a rabbi and a scholar of Talmud...

    , U.S.A. – "For investigations into the civilizations of the peoples of the Middle East in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, and for his great and profound commentaries on the sources of Talmudic literature."
  • 1976 – Herman F. Mark, U.S.A. – "Pioneering research and educational efforts in the field of polymers and plastics."
  • 1977 – Seymour Benzer
    Seymour Benzer
    Seymour Benzer was an American physicist, molecular biologist and behavioral geneticist. His career began during the molecular biology revolution of the 1950s, and he eventually rose to prominence in the fields of molecular and behavioral genetics. He led a productive genetics research lab both at...

    , U.S.A. – "Discoveries in molecular genetics and his influence to modern biologists."
  • 1977 – Freeman John Dyson, U.S.A. – "Work in the fields of quantum electrodynamics, ferromagnetism, field theory, statistical mechanics and the stability of matter."
  • 1978 – Bernard Lewis
    Bernard Lewis
    Bernard Lewis, FBA is a British-American historian, scholar in Oriental studies, and political commentator. He is the Cleveland E. Dodge Professor Emeritus of Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University...

    , U.S.A. – "Profound insight into the life and mores of the peoples of the Middle East through his writings."
  • 1978 – Isaak Wahl, Israel – "Research and techniques in the improvement of cereal grains, which have inspired scientists seeking to provide adequate food supplies for an ever-growing world population."
  • 1979 – Ephraim Racker, U.S.A. – "Fundamental contributions to the understanding of the complex process by which living beings harness energy, and the application of this knowledge to the correction of metabolic aberrations found in the diseased cell."
  • 1980 – Shlomo Dov Goitein, U.S.A. / Israel – "Work on the everyday life, culture, society and economy of Jews and non-Jews in Moslem countries in the Middle Ages, and his numerous contributions in the field of Jewish and Arab history."
  • 1980 – Michael O. Rabin
    Michael O. Rabin
    Michael Oser Rabin , is an Israeli computer scientist and a recipient of the Turing Award.- Biography :Rabin was born in 1931 in Breslau, Germany, , the son of a rabbi. In 1935, he emigrated with his family to Mandate Palestine...

    , Israel – "Outstanding contributions to computer theory."
  • 1981 – Hans W. Kosterlitz, U.K. – "Work on the discovery, identification and pharmacology of naturally occurring encephalins and opiates in the brain, which has exerted an all-embracing influence on neuroscientists working on the biochemistry and pharmacology of the brain."
  • 1981 – James M. Lighthill
    James Lighthill
    Sir Michael James Lighthill, FRS was a British applied mathematician, known for his pioneering work in the field of aeroacoustics.-Biography:...

    , U.K. – "Pioneering research in fluid mechanics and his leadership in the application of mathematics to the engineering and biological sciences."
  • 1982 – Jakob Polotsky
    Hans Jakob Polotsky
    Hans Jakob Polotsky was an Israeli orientalist, linguist, and professor for Semitic languages and Egyptology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.- Biography :...

    , Israel – "Contribution to the study of the languages of the Middle East leading to deeper insight into the cultural mores of its peoples."
  • 1982 – Alvin M. Weinberg
    Alvin M. Weinberg
    Alvin Martin Weinberg was an American nuclear physicist who was the administrator at Oak Ridge National Laboratory during and after the Manhattan Project period. He came to Oak Ridge, Tennessee in 1945 and remained there until his death in 2006.-Early years in Chicago: Alvin Weinberg was born...

    , U.S.A. – "Contribution to the field of nuclear physics and to the development of nuclear energy technology for peaceful purposes."
  • 1983 – Robert Aumann
    Robert Aumann
    Robert John Aumann is an Israeli-American mathematician and a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences. He is a professor at the Center for the Study of Rationality in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel...

    , Israel – "His central role in the development of mathematical economics and game theory. His major contributions have been to the problems of markets with many traders; by idealizing to a "continuum" of participants he was able to exploit the sophisticated tools of mathematics of continua."
  • 1983 – Philip Leder
    Philip Leder
    Philip Leder is an American geneticist. He was born in Washington, D.C. and studied at Harvard University, graduating in 1956. In 1960, he graduated from Harvard Medical School....

    , U.S.A. – "Contribution to the field of molecular genetics through the development of novel methods of analysis of gene structure and function."
  • 1984 – Franz Rosenthal
    Franz Rosenthal
    Franz Rosenthal was the Louis M. Rabinowitz professor of Semitic languages at Yale from 1956 to 1967 and Sterling Professor Emeritus of Arabic, scholar of Arabic literature and Islam at Yale from 1967 to 1985....

    , U.S.A. – "Contribution to the deeper understanding of two important aspects of Semitic culture, namely the Aramaic language and Arabic literature; of his work on Aramaic and its offshoots to the organization of a comprehensive handbook of Aramaic dialects."
  • 1984 – Peter P. Sorokin
    P. P. Sorokin
    Peter P. Sorokin is an American physicist and co-inventor of the dye laser. Sorokin and his colleague J. R. Lankard, at IBM Research Laboratories, used a ruby laser to excite a near infrared laser dye. Their report was quickly followed by that of F. P. Schäfer. In 1974 Sorokin received the Albert...

    , U.S.A. – "Contributions to the development of lasers and quantum electronics. His major contributions have been the invention of the dye laser and the tunable laser sources."
  • 1985 – George Bernard Dantzig, U.S.A. – "Contribution to engineering and the sciences through his pioneering work in mathematical programming and his development of the simplex method. His work permits the solution of many previously intractable problems and has made linear programming into one of the most frequently used techniques of modern applied mathematics."
  • 1985 – Barnett Rosenberg
    Barnett Rosenberg
    Barnett Rosenberg was an American chemist best known for the discovery of the anti-cancer drug cisplatin.Rosenberg graduated from Brooklyn College in 1948 and obtained his PhD in Physics at New York University in 1956...

    , U.S.A. – "Contribution to medical research through his pioneering discovery of the value of platinum-based compounds, notably cis-platin, in treatment of testicular, ovarian and other cancers, and his persistence in proving their effectiveness."
  • 1986 – Paul C. Lauterbur, U.S.A. – "Contribution to science and technology through his development of nuclear magnetic resonance techniques for generating images of the tissues of living organisms, an advance with many promising applications in medicine."
  • 1986 – Benjamin Mazar
    Benjamin Mazar
    Benjamin Mazar was a pioneering Israeli historian, recognized as the "dean" of biblical archaeologists. He shared the national passion for the archaeology of Israel that also attracts considerable international interest due to the region's biblical links...

    , Israel – "Work and achievements in the field of archaeology, geography and history of Eretz Israel and the people of Israel - and his outstanding contribution to the investigation of the cultures of the Middle East and coordination of results with the Scriptures of the Bible."
  • 1987 – Pierre Chambon, France – "Contributions to the understanding of gene structure and regulation, the characterization of mammalian enhancer sequences and the analysis of steroid hormone binding sites."
  • 1987 – Sydney Brenner
    Sydney Brenner
    Sydney Brenner, CH FRS is a South African biologist and a 2002 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate, shared with H...

    , U.K. – "Contributions to molecular biology, in particular the invention of negative staining electron microscopy, his work on bacterial genetics and the solution of the genetic code, and his foundation of the field of nematode molecular genetics."
  • 1988 – Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
    Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
    Pierre-Gilles de Gennes was a French physicist and the Nobel Prize laureate in physics in 1991.-Biography:...

    , France – "Contributions to condensed matter physics through his work in the fields of superconductivity, liquid crystals, polymer physics and colloid and interface science"
  • 1989 – Benoit B. Mandelbrot, France / U.S.A. – "Contribution to the development of the theory of fractals which has had a great impact on a variety of fields including physics, astronomy geography, chemistry, information theory, economics and applied mathematics."
  • 1990 – Robert H. Dennard, U.S.A. – "Invention of the one-transistor dynamic memory cell which is the basis for the one-device DRAM (dynamic random access memory) memory chip used worldwide in computers and for his contribution to the scaling theory which has been widely used in the miniaturization of MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor) integrated circuits."
  • 1991 – Jacques-Louis Lions
    Jacques-Louis Lions
    Jacques-Louis Lions ForMemRS was a French mathematician who made contributions to the theory of partial differential equations and to stochastic control, among other areas. He received the SIAM's John Von Neumann prize in 1986. Lions is listed as an ISI highly cited researcher.-Biography:After...

    , France – "Creating modern control theory in all its aspects and its application to physics and engineering, of his pioneering work in applying methods of functional analysis in the theory of linear as well as non-linear partial differential equations and numerical analysis and of his many contributions to applied mathematics."
  • 1991 – Bert Sakmann
    Bert Sakmann
    -External links:*...

    , Germany – "Breakthrough achievements in developing the patch clamp technique which revolutionized modern electrophysiology by enabling studies of single ion channels."
  • 1992 – Mikhail Sergievich Gorbachev
    Mikhail Gorbachev
    Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev is a former Soviet statesman, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991, and as the last head of state of the USSR, having served from 1988 until its dissolution in 1991...

    , U.S.S.R. – "In appreciation of his seminal initiatives which had a profound impact on international relations and improved the quality of life of hundreds of millions of people."
  • 1992 – Amnon Yariv
    Amnon Yariv
    Amnon Yariv is an Israeli-American professor of applied physics and electrical engineering at Caltech, known for innovations in optoelectronics....

    , U.S.A. – "Pioneering contributions to opto-electronics, wave propagation in crystals and nonlinear and phase conjugate optics, and his demonstration of semiconductor-based integrated optics technology leading to the development of high-speed and stable solid state lasers."
  • 1993 – Hillel Furstenberg, Israel – "Ground-breaking work in ergodic theory and probability, Lie groups and topological dynamics."
  • 1993 – Eric Kandel, U.S.A. – "Fundamental contribution to the explication of the cellular and molecular basis of learning and memory."
  • 1993 – Richard Zare
    Richard Zare
    Richard Neil Zare is an American physical chemist. He is Professor of Chemistry at Stanford University.-Education:Zare earned his B.A. in 1961 and his Ph.D...

    , U.S.A. – "Contributions to the understanding of chemical reactions at the molecular level, which have transformed modern chemistry. He showed how laser spectroscopies can be used to study chemical processes, and has applied his methods also to the solution of open problems in chemical analysis."
  • 1994 – Vladimir I. Arnold
    Vladimir Arnold
    Vladimir Igorevich Arnold was a Soviet and Russian mathematician. While he is best known for the Kolmogorov–Arnold–Moser theorem regarding the stability of integrable Hamiltonian systems, he made important contributions in several areas including dynamical systems theory, catastrophe theory,...

    , Russia – "Basic contribution to the stability theory of Dynamical Systems, his pioneering work on singularity theory and seminal contributions to analysis and geometry."
  • 1994 – Robert A. Weinberg, U.S.A. – "Research on the molecular biology of cancer. His major contributions have been the isolation of the first oncogene from human cancer and of a tumor suppressor gene whose loss of function promotes retinoblastoma."
  • 1995 – John W. Cahn
    John W. Cahn
    John Werner Cahn is an American scientist and winner of the 1998 National Medal of Science. He was a professor in the department of Materials Science at MIT from 1964-1978. Since 1977, he has held a position at the National Institute of Standards and Technology . Dr...

    , U.S.A. – "Pioneering work on the theory of phase separation – spinodal decomposition, his basic contribution to wetting and wetting transition and fundamental studies of interfaces and quasi-periodic crystals."
  • 1995 – Donald E. Knuth, U.S.A. – "Contributions to theory of computation, software, programming languages, mathematics and typesetting, his pioneering work on analysis of algorithms and attribute grammars, and his development of TEX and METAFONT."
  • 1996 – C. Walton Lillehei
    C. Walton Lillehei
    Clarence Walton Lillehei , was an American surgeon who pioneered open-heart surgery, as well as numerous techniques, equipment and prostheses for cardiothoracic surgery.-Background:...

    , U.S.A. – "Pioneering role in the introduction, innovation and development of open heart surgery and his seminal contributions to the invention of the heart-lung machine and the pacemaker."
  • 1996 – Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
    Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
    Claude Cohen-Tannoudji is a French physicist and Nobel Laureate. He shared the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics with Steven Chu and William Daniel Phillips for research in methods of laser cooling and trapping atoms...

    , France – "Contributions to modern quantum optics, in particular, development of new optical detection methods, laser spectroscopy, optical pumping, and laser trapping and cooling of atoms, leading to the lowest temperatures attained by man."
  • 1997 – Roger D. Kornberg
    Roger D. Kornberg
    Roger David Kornberg is an American biochemist and professor of structural biology at Stanford University School of Medicine.Kornberg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2006 for his studies of the process by which genetic information from DNA is copied to RNA, "the molecular basis of...

    , U.S.A. – "Research on the structure and expression of genes in eukaryotic organisms. His major contributions include the discovery of the structure of the nucleosome, the basic repeating unit of chromatin."
  • 1998 – Richard Karp
    Richard Karp
    Richard Manning Karp is a computer scientist and computational theorist at the University of California, Berkeley, notable for research in the theory of algorithms, for which he received a Turing Award in 1985, The Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science in 2004, and the Kyoto...

    , U.S.A. – "Achievements in the areas of theoretical computer science and operations research, in particular for his fundamental contributions to the development of numerous combinatorical algorithms."
  • 1998 – K. Barry Sharpless
    K. Barry Sharpless
    Karl Barry Sharpless is an American chemist known for his work on stereoselective reactions.-Early years:Sharpless was born in Philadelphia. He graduated from Friends' Central School in 1959. He continued his studies at Dartmouth College and earned his Ph.D from Stanford University in 1968...

    , U.S.A. – "Research in organic chemistry, in particular, for his pioneering contributions in the field of catalytic asymmetric synthesis, which has had major impact on organic synthesis."
  • 1999 – Elizabeth H. Blackburn, U.S.A. – "Pioneering discoveries and leadership in the rapidly evolving field of research on telomers, the ends of chromosomes."
  • 1999 – Robert G. Gallager
    Robert G. Gallager
    Robert Gray Gallager is an American electrical engineer known for his work on information theory and communications networks. He was elected an IEEE Fellow in 1968 and a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 1979. He received the Claude E. Shannon Award from the IEEE Information Theory...

    , U.S.A. – "Pioneering work and fundamental contributions to Information and Coding Theories and for his profound insight into the Theory of Computer Networking."
  • 2000 – David J. Gross, U.S.A. – "Contributions to all aspects of elementary particle physics and in particular for the discovery of the "Asymptotic Freedom" property of the strong interactions among the most elementary constituents of matter."
  • 2000 – Harry B. Gray
    Harry B. Gray
    Harry Barkus Gray is the Arnold O. Beckman Professor of Chemistry at California Institute of Technology. He won the Priestley Medal in 1991, Harvey Prize in 2000, The Benjamin Franklin Medal in Chemistry in 2004, and the Wolf Prize in Chemistry in 2004.-Career:Gray received his B.S...

    , U.S.A. – "Pioneering contributions to inorganic and bioinorganic chemistry. In particular for his studies of reaction mechanisms and the nature of the chemical bond in transition metal complexes and of the long-range electron transfer in proteins."
  • 2001 – Bert Vogelstein
    Bert Vogelstein
    Bert Vogelstein is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at The Johns Hopkins University. He clarified the role of the gene p53, which repairs DNA in dividing cells and destroys the cell if its DNA cannot be repaired. Damaged p53 is responsible for half of all cancers...

    , U.S.A. – "Research that resulted in the establishment of a detailed genetic model, which links the formation and progression of colorectal cancer with sequential mutations in specific proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes."
  • 2001 – James E. Peebles
    Jim Peebles
    Phillip James Edwin Peebles is a Canadian-American physicist and theoretical cosmologist who is currently the Albert Einstein Professor Emeritus of Science at Princeton University. Peebles was born in Winnipeg and completed his bachelor's degree at the University of Manitoba...

    , U.S.A. – "Work on cosmic microwave background radiation and setting the physical basis for the hot big bang theory. For his seminal contributions to the understanding of the origin of our universe, the creation of the lightest elements, and the formation of galaxies and clustering."
  • 2002 – Ada E. Yonath
    Ada Yonath
    Ada E. Yonath is an Israeli crystallographer best known for her pioneering work on the structure of the ribosome. She is the current director of the Helen and Milton A. Kimmelman Center for Biomolecular Structure and Assembly of the Weizmann Institute of Science. In 2009, she received the Nobel...

    , Israel – "Pioneering crystallographic studies on the ribosome. In particular, for her discoveries in structural biology that have shed light on the makeup and function of the ribosome, the protein synthetic machinery of living cells. These discoveries have led to the rational design of new antibiotic drugs."
  • 2002 – Peter B. Dervan, U.S.A. – "Pioneering studies that have laid down the foundations for gene regulation by small molecules. In particular, for combining the art of organic synthesis, physical chemistry and biology to create novel synthetic molecules, with high affinity and sequence specificity, comparable to Nature's proteins for any predetermined sequence of the genetic material, DNA."
  • 2003 – Robert S. Langer
    Robert S. Langer
    Robert S. Langer is an American engineer and the David H. Koch Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was formerly the Germeshausen Professor of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering and maintains activity in the department of chemical engineering and the department of...

    , U.S.A. – "Pioneering research in biomedical engineering, biomaterials, tissue engineering and biotechnology and his outstanding achievements in these areas."
  • 2004 – Arthur Ashkin
    Arthur Ashkin
    Arthur Ashkin is a retired scientist who worked at Bell Laboratories and Lucent Technologies. He has started his work on manipulation of microparticles with laser light in the late 60s which has resulted in the invention of optical tweezers in 1986. He has pioneered the optical trapping process...

    , U.S.A. – "Pioneering theoretical and experimental research on manipulation of particles by laser light forces, including the invention of "optical tweezers", which revolutionized atomic and biological physics, and for his basic contributions to nonlinear optics."
  • 2004 – Wayne A. Hendrickson
    Wayne Hendrickson
    Wayne A. Hendrickson is an American biophysicist. Hendrickson is also a University professor at Columbia University. Hendrickson is most notably known for innovating the use of multi-wavelength anomalous dispersion as an analytical tool for protein crystallography.Hendrickson obtained a B.A...

    , U.S.A. – "Seminal scientific and technological accomplishments that have revolutionized the field of structural biology."
  • 2005 – Edward Witten
    Edward Witten
    Edward Witten is an American theoretical physicist with a focus on mathematical physics who is currently a professor of Mathematical Physics at the Institute for Advanced Study....

    , U.S.A. – "Work on Superstring Theory, which has created a revolution in theoretical Physics and Mathematics and has attracted many of the brightest scientists in the world."
  • 2005 – Wolfgang Baumeister, Germany – "Discovery of new macromolecular complexes essential for protein folding and degradation and for his contributions to understanding chaperonins and proteasomes."
  • 2006 – Charles L. Bennett
    Charles L. Bennett
    Charles L. Bennett is an American observational astrophysicist and the Alumni Centennial Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Johns Hopkins University. He is the Principal Investigator of NASA's highly successful Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe...

    , U.S.A. – "Contributing to knowledge of cosmology through pioneering measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background using NASA's Cosmic Background Explorer satellite and Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, which led to the precise determination of the age, composition and curvature of the universe."
  • 2006 – Ronald M. Evans
    Ronald M. Evans
    Ronald M. Evans is an American professor and biologist who works at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California. He received his BS and PhD degrees from UCLA, followed by a postdoctoral training in Rockefeller University...

    , U.S.A. – "Discovery of a super-family of genes encoding nuclear hormone receptors and the elucidation of their universal ability to affect gene expression and thereby virtually every developmental and metabolic pathway."
  • 2007 – Michael Graetzel
    Michael Grätzel
    Michael Grätzel is a professor at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne where he directs the Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces. He pioneered research on energy and electron transfer reactions in mesoscopic-materials and their optoelectronic applications...

    , Switzerland – "Pioneered research on energy and electron transfer reactions in mesoscopic-materials and their optoelectronic applications. His discovery achieved for the first time the separation of solar light harvesting and charge carrier transport in a photovoltaic conversion process."
  • 2007 – Stephen E. Harris, U.S.A. – "Pioneering experimental and theoretical contributions to basic research in numerous areas of quantum electronics, laser physics, nonlinear optics, and generation of extreme-ultraviolet laser light."
  • 2008 – Charles H. Bennett
    Charles H. Bennett (computer scientist)
    Charles H. Bennett is an IBM Fellow at IBM Research. Bennett's recent work at IBM has concentrated on a re-examination of the physical basis of information, applying quantum physics to the problems surrounding information exchange...

    , U.S.A. – "Seminal role in founding and advancing the field of Quantum Information and Quantum Computation, inventing entirely new ways of understanding fundamental quantum phenomena and thus connecting physics to branches of information and computational complexity."
  • 2008 – David Eisenberg
    David Eisenberg
    David S. Eisenberg is an American biochemist best known for his contributions to structural and computational molecular biology...

    , U.S.A. – "Contribution, pushing the technical limits of crystallography, elucidating the structure of amyloid fibrils. Given the involvement of amyloid plaques in numerous diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, understanding their structure has become a central goal of structural biology allied to medicine."
  • 2009 – David C. Baulcombe, U.K. – "in recognition of his seminal role in discovering the key function of short RNA molecules in regulating gene expression."
  • 2009 – Shuji Nakamura
    Shuji Nakamura
    is a professor at the Materials Department of the College of Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara .- Career :Nakamura graduated from the University of Tokushima in 1977 with a degree in electronic engineering, and obtained a master's degree in the same subject two years later, after...

    , Japan / U.S.A. – "in recognition of his seminal contributions to light sources based on nitride containing III-V semiconductors."
  • 2010 – Michael Karin, U.S.A. – "for his pioneering contribution that led to deciphering the molecular mechanism through which mammalian cells react to cytokines which cause inflammation, to adverse environmental conditions and also to various pathogens."
  • 2010 – Alexander M. Polyakov, Russia / U.S.A. – "for developing revolutionary theories that shaped our contemporary understanding of elementary particles in nature."
  • 2011 – Richard H. Friend
    Richard Friend
    Sir Richard Henry Friend FRS is Cavendish Professor at the University of Cambridge and Tan Chin Tuan Centennial Professor at the National University of Singapore. He is a fellow of St John's College...

    , U.K - "in recognition of his outstanding contributions to science and technology, which are already making an impact on the semi-conductor industry and our lives."
  • 2011 – Judea Pearl
    Judea Pearl
    Judea Pearl is a computer scientist and philosopher, best known for developing the probabilistic approach to artificial intelligence and the development of Bayesian networks ....

    , U.S.A. - "in recognition of his foundational work that has touched a multitude of spheres of modern life."
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