Hadji Muhammed
Encyclopedia
Hadji Muhammed was a small village in Southern Iraq
which gives its name to a style of painted pottery and the early phase of what is the Ubaid
culture. The pottery
is painted in dark brown, black or purple in an attractive geometric style. Sandwiched between the earliest settlement of Eridu
and the later "classical" Ubaid style, the culture is found as far north as Ras Al-Amiya. The Hadji Muhammed period saw the development of extensive canal networks from major settlements. Irrigation agriculture, which seem to have developed first at Choga Mami
(4700–4600 BC) and rapidly spread elsewhere, from the first required collective effort and centralised coordination of labour. Buildings were of wattle and daub
or mud brick. Joan Oates has suggested on the basis of continuity in configurations of certain vessels, despite differences in thickness of others that it is just a difference in style, rather than a new cultural tradition
Iraq
Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
which gives its name to a style of painted pottery and the early phase of what is the Ubaid
Ubaid period
The Ubaid period is a prehistoric period of Mesopotamia. The tell of al-`Ubaid west of nearby Ur in southern Iraq's Dhi Qar Governorate has given its name to the prehistoric Pottery Neolithic to Chalcolithic culture, which represents the earliest settlement on the alluvial plain of southern...
culture. The pottery
Pottery
Pottery is the material from which the potteryware is made, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery . Pottery also refers to the art or craft of the potter or the manufacture of pottery...
is painted in dark brown, black or purple in an attractive geometric style. Sandwiched between the earliest settlement of Eridu
Eridu
Eridu is an ancient Sumerian city in what is now Tell Abu Shahrain, Dhi Qar Governorate, Iraq. Eridu was considered the earliest city in southern Mesopotamia, and is one of the oldest cities in the world...
and the later "classical" Ubaid style, the culture is found as far north as Ras Al-Amiya. The Hadji Muhammed period saw the development of extensive canal networks from major settlements. Irrigation agriculture, which seem to have developed first at Choga Mami
Choga Mami
Choga Mami is a Samarra ware archaeological site of Southern Iraq which shows the first canal irrigation in operation at about 6000 BC. It is no longer clear which way cultural developments were flowing in the 6500 to 4500 BC period .-References:...
(4700–4600 BC) and rapidly spread elsewhere, from the first required collective effort and centralised coordination of labour. Buildings were of wattle and daub
Wattle and daub
Wattle and daub is a composite building material used for making walls, in which a woven lattice of wooden strips called wattle is daubed with a sticky material usually made of some combination of wet soil, clay, sand, animal dung and straw...
or mud brick. Joan Oates has suggested on the basis of continuity in configurations of certain vessels, despite differences in thickness of others that it is just a difference in style, rather than a new cultural tradition