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Gustaf John Ramstedt

 

 
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Gustaf John Ramstedt
 
 
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Gustaf John Ramstedt born in Ekenäs
Ekenäs

Eken?s , Finnish language: Tammisaari ) was a municipalities of Finland of Finland comprising the former municipalities Snappertuna and Tenala together with the town of Eken?s, until it was merged with Pohja and Karis to form the new Raseborg city....
 October 22, 1873, died in Helsinki
Helsinki

Helsinki is the Capital and largest List of cities and towns in Finland of Finland. It is in the southern part of Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, by the Baltic Sea....
 November 25 1950, was a Finland-Swedish linguist
Linguistics

Linguistics is the science study of natural language. Linguistics encompasses a number of sub-fields. An important topical division is between the study of language structure and the study of Meaning ....
 and diplomat. As an undergraduate, he attended the University of Helsinki
University of Helsinki

The University of Helsinki is a university located in Helsinki, Finland since 1829, but founded in the city of Turku 1640 as The Royal Academy of Turku....
, where he studied Finno-Ugric languages
Finno-Ugric languages

Finno-Ugric is a group of languages in the Uralic languages family, comprising Finnish language, Estonian language, Hungarian language and related languages....
 under Eemil Nestor Setälä
Eemil Nestor Setälä

Eemil Nestor Set?l?, was the acting head of state of Finland from November 7, 1917 to November 15, 1917.Set?l? was a linguistics, professor of Finnish language language and literature at Helsinki University from 1893 to 1929....
. He was later attracted to the study of Altaic languages
Altaic languages

Altaic is a disputed language family that is generally held by its proponents to include the Turkic languages, Mongolic languages, Tungusic languages, Korean language, and Japonic languages language families ....
 and went to Mongolia
Mongolia

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia and Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and People's Republic of China to the south, east and west....
 to study the Mongolian language
Mongolian language

The Mongolian language is the best-known member of the Mongolic languages. It is the language of most residents of Mongolia and of many of the Mongolian residents of Inner Mongolia, totalling about 5.7 million speakers....
 at the suggestion of Otto Donner
Otto Donner

[Image:Otto Donner by Walter Runeberg.jpg|thumb|right|160px|Bust of Otto Donner by Walter Runeberg Otto Donner was a Finland linguist and politician....
. He later became professor extraordinarius in Altaic languages
Altaic languages

Altaic is a disputed language family that is generally held by its proponents to include the Turkic languages, Mongolic languages, Tungusic languages, Korean language, and Japonic languages language families ....
 at the same university.

During his expeditions in Mongolia, Ramstedt become a personal friend to highly educated Buryat
Buryats

The Buryats or Buriyads, numbering approximately 436,000, are the largest ethnic minority group in Siberia and are mainly concentrated in their homeland, the Buryatia, a Federal subjects of Russia of Russia....
 Mongol Agvan Dorzhiev
Agvan Dorzhiev

Agvan Lobsan Dorzhiev, Agvan Dorjiev, Dorjieff, or Tsenyi Khempo , a Buryats Mongols, and a Russian citizen, was born in the village of Khara-Shibir, not far from Ulan Ude, to the east of Lake Baikal....
 who acted as full representantive of 13th Dalai Lama
Dalai Lama

The Dalai Lama is a lineage of religious leader of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism and was the political leader of Lhasa-based Tibetan government between the 17th century and 1959....
, Thubten Gyatso and was a full member in Tibetan Government, Kashag
Kashag

File:Bundesarchiv Bild 135-S-13-11-31, Tibetexpedition, Minister.jpgThe Kashag was the governing council of Tibet. The Central Tibetan Administration was represented by Council ....
 as Minister of Treasures (Finances).






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Gustaf John Ramstedt born in Ekenäs
Ekenäs

Eken?s , Finnish language: Tammisaari ) was a municipalities of Finland of Finland comprising the former municipalities Snappertuna and Tenala together with the town of Eken?s, until it was merged with Pohja and Karis to form the new Raseborg city....
 October 22, 1873, died in Helsinki
Helsinki

Helsinki is the Capital and largest List of cities and towns in Finland of Finland. It is in the southern part of Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, by the Baltic Sea....
 November 25 1950, was a Finland-Swedish linguist
Linguistics

Linguistics is the science study of natural language. Linguistics encompasses a number of sub-fields. An important topical division is between the study of language structure and the study of Meaning ....
 and diplomat. As an undergraduate, he attended the University of Helsinki
University of Helsinki

The University of Helsinki is a university located in Helsinki, Finland since 1829, but founded in the city of Turku 1640 as The Royal Academy of Turku....
, where he studied Finno-Ugric languages
Finno-Ugric languages

Finno-Ugric is a group of languages in the Uralic languages family, comprising Finnish language, Estonian language, Hungarian language and related languages....
 under Eemil Nestor Setälä
Eemil Nestor Setälä

Eemil Nestor Set?l?, was the acting head of state of Finland from November 7, 1917 to November 15, 1917.Set?l? was a linguistics, professor of Finnish language language and literature at Helsinki University from 1893 to 1929....
. He was later attracted to the study of Altaic languages
Altaic languages

Altaic is a disputed language family that is generally held by its proponents to include the Turkic languages, Mongolic languages, Tungusic languages, Korean language, and Japonic languages language families ....
 and went to Mongolia
Mongolia

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia and Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and People's Republic of China to the south, east and west....
 to study the Mongolian language
Mongolian language

The Mongolian language is the best-known member of the Mongolic languages. It is the language of most residents of Mongolia and of many of the Mongolian residents of Inner Mongolia, totalling about 5.7 million speakers....
 at the suggestion of Otto Donner
Otto Donner

[Image:Otto Donner by Walter Runeberg.jpg|thumb|right|160px|Bust of Otto Donner by Walter Runeberg Otto Donner was a Finland linguist and politician....
. He later became professor extraordinarius in Altaic languages
Altaic languages

Altaic is a disputed language family that is generally held by its proponents to include the Turkic languages, Mongolic languages, Tungusic languages, Korean language, and Japonic languages language families ....
 at the same university.

During his expeditions in Mongolia, Ramstedt become a personal friend to highly educated Buryat
Buryats

The Buryats or Buriyads, numbering approximately 436,000, are the largest ethnic minority group in Siberia and are mainly concentrated in their homeland, the Buryatia, a Federal subjects of Russia of Russia....
 Mongol Agvan Dorzhiev
Agvan Dorzhiev

Agvan Lobsan Dorzhiev, Agvan Dorjiev, Dorjieff, or Tsenyi Khempo , a Buryats Mongols, and a Russian citizen, was born in the village of Khara-Shibir, not far from Ulan Ude, to the east of Lake Baikal....
 who acted as full representantive of 13th Dalai Lama
Dalai Lama

The Dalai Lama is a lineage of religious leader of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism and was the political leader of Lhasa-based Tibetan government between the 17th century and 1959....
, Thubten Gyatso and was a full member in Tibetan Government, Kashag
Kashag

File:Bundesarchiv Bild 135-S-13-11-31, Tibetexpedition, Minister.jpgThe Kashag was the governing council of Tibet. The Central Tibetan Administration was represented by Council ....
 as Minister of Treasures (Finances). Ramstedt was one of the few foreigners who was invited to visit Lhasa, but unfortunately the coming events prevented his visit to Tibet. In 1911 the Mongolian delegation in St.Petersburg asked Ramstedt to act as mediator with Imperial Russian Government to support the Mongolian Independence from Chinese Empire
Late Imperial China

Late Imperial China refers to the period between the end of Mongol rule in 1368 and the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912 and includes the Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty Dynasties....
. He managed to confirm the Russians of the good will of Mongolian representantives and they supplied 15.000 modern rifles to the Mongolians to start the uprising against the Chinese rule in Mongolia.

In 1912, when Ramstedt was in Urga
Urga

Urga may refer to:* Ulan Bator, the capital of the republic of Mongolia* ?rg?, a municipality in Azerbaijan* Urga aka Close to Eden, a film by Nikita Mikhalkov, 1992...
, Mongolia
Mongolia

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia and Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and People's Republic of China to the south, east and west....
, the Mongol leaders; Da-Lama, Handan Dordzhi, and Haisan-Gung asked him to help with the negotiations with the Russian representantives which did not accept the Mongol idea to unify Urjanhai, Mongolia
Mongolia

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia and Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and People's Republic of China to the south, east and west....
 (including also Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia

Inner Mongolia is the Mongols autonomous region of China of the People's Republic of China, located in the country's north.Inner Mongolia borders, from east to west, the provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, and Gansu, while to the north it borders Mongolia and Russia....
) and Buryat Mongolia to one modern Mongol State. Ramstedt advised the Mongol leaders to seek also international recognition for their state from other states, particularly Japan, Britain, Germany, France and United States. Ramstedt did not know anything of the secret agreement between Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
 and Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
 where Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia

Inner Mongolia is the Mongols autonomous region of China of the People's Republic of China, located in the country's north.Inner Mongolia borders, from east to west, the provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, and Gansu, while to the north it borders Mongolia and Russia....
 was promised by both States to be kept as a part of China
China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
.

Following the independence of Finland in 1917, he became Finland
Finland

Finland , officially the Republic of Finland , is a Nordic countries situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. It borders Sweden on the west, Russia on the east, and Norway on the north, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland....
's first envoy to Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
, as a Chargé d'affaires
Chargé d'affaires

In diplomacy, charg? d?affaires , often shortened to simply charg?, is the title of two classes of diplomacy agents who head a diplomatic mission on a temporary basis....
, from 1920 to 1929, during which he was a frequent guest lecturer at Tokyo Imperial University, where he influenced Kunio Yanagita
Kunio Yanagita

is a scholar who is often known as "the father of Japanese native ethnology."He was born in Fukusaki, Hyogo, Hyogo Prefecture. After graduating with a degree in law from Tokyo Imperial University, he became employed as a bureaucrat in the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce....
, Izuru Shimura, Kyosuke Kindaichi
Kyosuke Kindaichi

was an eminent Japanese Linguistics from Morioka, Iwate, Iwate Prefecture. He is chiefly known for his dictations of yukar, or sagas of the Ainu people....
, and Shimpei Ogura. He acquired command of the Japanese language remarkably quickly. He also was chairman of the Finnish Esperanto Society.

Publications

  • Bergtscheremissische Sprachstudien, Helsinki, 1902 (Hill)
  • A Korean grammar. Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen Seura, 1939.
  • Einführung in die altaische Sprachwissenschaft, 'Introduction to Altaic Linguistics', 2 volumes. Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, 1952-1957.


Source

  • Poppe, Nicholas. "Obituary: Gustav John Ramstedt 1873-1950." Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies
    Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies

    The Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies is an English-language scholarly journal published by the Harvard-Yenching Institute. HJAS features articles and book reviews of current scholarship in East Asian studies, focusing on History of China, History of Japan, and History of Korea history, literature and religion, with occasional cover...
     14, no. 1/2 (1951): 315-22.


See also

Altaic languages
Altaic languages

Altaic is a disputed language family that is generally held by its proponents to include the Turkic languages, Mongolic languages, Tungusic languages, Korean language, and Japonic languages language families ....


External links