|
|
|
|
Gulbarga
|
| |
|
| |
Gulbarga previously known as (Kalburgi) is a town in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the administrative headquarters of Gulbarga District, and of Gulbarga Division. Gulbarga is 613 km north of Bangalore and well connected by road to Bijapur, Hyderabad, Solapur and Bidar. A railway line connecting the southern part of India to Mumbai and Delhi passes through Kalburgi.
city of Gulbarga was founded by the Bahmani Sultans in the 14th century as their capital.
Discussion
Ask a question about 'Gulbarga' Start a new discussion about 'Gulbarga' Answer questions from other users |
Encyclopedia
Gulbarga previously known as (Kalburgi) is a town in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the administrative headquarters of Gulbarga District, and of Gulbarga Division. Gulbarga is 613 km north of Bangalore and well connected by road to Bijapur, Hyderabad, Solapur and Bidar. A railway line connecting the southern part of India to Mumbai and Delhi passes through Kalburgi.
History
The city of Gulbarga was founded by the Bahmani Sultans in the 14th century as their capital. However the history of the region dates back to the 6th century when the Rashtrakutas gained control over the area, but the Chalukyas regained their domain and reigned for over two hundred years. The Kalachuri who succeeded them ruled till the 12th century. Around the close of the 12th century the Yadavas of Devagiri and the Hoysalas of Halebidu took control of the district. About the same period the Kakatiya dynasty kings of Warangal came into prominence. The present Gulbarga District and Raichur District formed part of their domain.
The Kakatiya power was subdued in 1321, and the northern Deccan, including the district of Gulbarga, passed under the control of the Muslim Sultanate of Delhi. The revolt of the Muslim officers appointed from Delhi resulted in founding of the Bahmani Sultanate in 1347 by Hassan Gangu, who chose Gulbarga (Ahsenabad during this period) to be his capital. When the Bahmani dynasty came to an end, the kingdom broke up into the five independent Deccan sultanates, Bijapur, Bidar, Berar, Ahmednagar and Golconda. The present Gulbarga district came partly under Bidar and partly under Bijapur. With the conquest of the Deccan by Aurangezeb in the 17th century, control of Gulbarga passed to the Mughal Empire. In the early part of the 18th century, when Mughal Empire was declining, Asaf Jah I, a general of Aurangzeb, became independent and formed state of Hyderabad in which a major part of Gulbarga area was also included.
The city flourished during the rule of Nizams. Modern buildings were built, Roads and Railways were laid, the city was beautified with gardens, Electricity was introduced, Modern administrative setup was laid, Educational institutions were established, Factories namely MSK Mills and Shahbad Factory were established etc. Testimony to which is the only surviving garden (Mehboob Gulshan: named after Nizam VI - Mehboob Ali Pasha) and most of the Government buildings that were built during that time. The city, district and division was ruled by a very cultured, Intellectual and elite bureaucracy.
In 1948 Hyderabad state was annexed to the newly-independent Indian Union, and in 1956 the Indian state of Hyderabad was partitioned among neighboring states along linguistic lines. Most of Gulbarga district became part of Mysore state, later renamed Karnataka, excluding two taluks which were annexed to Andhra Pradesh.
Gulbarga has 10 Talukas, they are Aland, Gulbarga, Sedam, Afzalfur, Shahapur, Chincholi, Yadagiri, Jewargi, Surapur and Chittapur.
Gulbarga district is border of Maharastra and Andra Pradesh.
The history of gulbarga is as follows after weakening khilji kingdom the hasan gangu bahamani (Muslim grown up in brahmin Hindu family blessings) revolted (in 1346AD) against Muhammad- Bin-Tughlaq and made kingdom in Gubaraga with bahamani dynasty, the bijapuris is aqquired by bahamani kings and is governed whole south India, later bahamani was divided into five parts and came to arise of five deccan sultanaites bijapur, ahmadnagar, birar, gulbarga (later shifted bidar), golconda. The main rival of deccan sultanites is vijayanagar kingdom, the many battle are occurred between these two kingdoms with no result.
Vijayanagar empire attacked the bijapur kingdom, in this battle the Adil Shah (one of king) died. Later they attacked Gulbarga, the king fled and shifted his dynasty to Bidar and later Bidar was also conquered. Many battle happened between these two kingdoms with no result and finally they came to an agreement or treaty. So this is the reason for shifting the capital from Gulbarga to Bidar.
During 1567 AD under Rama Raya, King of Vijayanagar (he is the man with turning point) had meddled into neihbouring Deccan kingdom affairs, this led to the destruction of Vijayanagar. It revolted the 5 (Bijapur, Ahmadnagar, Birar, Bidar, Golconda) Deccans sultanites to gather against Rama Raya, King of Vijanagar, a fierce battle took place at Talikote (the Battle of Talikote) where Vijayanagar fiercly lost to Deccan. This came to an end of the Vijaynagar Kingdom (Samrajya). The fate of Hampi (the capital of Vijayanagar) we can see also, the capital is ruined. The Ramaraya was beheaded in battle and it taken place to the Ahmadnagar, in Ahmadnagar it was exhibited until 1819.
The later Bidar sultanites were merged into Bijapur, Bijapur in turn lost to Aurangazeb. This came to an end of Deccan. Later Aurangzeb was defeated by Marathas after some prolonged years the Bijapur was acquired into Nashik province and Bidar Gulbarga came under Nizam rule who was requested the British to make self rule, under him he acquired Gulbarga, Bidar and Maratwada.
The another legecy of Gulbarga was that, the origin of HyderAli (who shiate Muslim) was from Gulbarga (Ahsannagar, that time called), his grandfather is fakir from Gulbarga. His father worked in Kolar as a taxman (under the Bahamani kingdom).
So here many confuse that Gulbarga was in Hyderabad region, but that was in turn once upon a time Hyderabad (Bhagyanagr) was in the Bahamani kingdom (now we can say that Gulbarga and Bidar are independent) and it's divided into the one of the five parts of Deccan.
So we can see here in Gulbarga the monuments which are historically built with Spanish architecture, and fort is built with well planning the canal is made around the fort so that it becomes difficult to enemy. So still you can see in Google Maps. The Jumma Masjid is built in fort with different architecture. In fort still the people are lying with doing their basic livehood (like copper moulding, iron).
This attributes that Gulbarga or Bahamani had not only produced good architecture, it also produced good warriors.
Geography
Gulbarga is located at . It has an average elevation of 455 metres (1492 feet).
The weather in Gulbarga constitutes of 3 main seasons. The summer which spans from late February to mid June. It is followed by the south west monsoon which spans from the late June to late September. It is then followed by dry winter weather until mid January.
Temperatures during the different seasons are:
- Summer : 40 to 44 °C
- Monsoon: 27 to 34 °C
- Winter : 10 to 26 °C
Demographics
India census, Gulbarga had a population of 427,929. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Gulbarga has an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 73%, and female literacy is 60%. In Gulbarga, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Kannada is the official language spoken by the majority of the population. Urdu is also widely spoken language, English is widely used and understood. Hinduism and Islam are the main religions followed. The Urdu culture of Gulbarga is akin to that of Hyderabad. Even the Kannada spoken here is influenced by Hyderabadi(Deccani) Urdu.
Transport
Gulbarga is well connected via road and rail from Bangalore & other major cities in South India.
Local Transport
Taxis and auto rickshaws are available for getting around in the city.
Long Distance Bus Routes
Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) runs the long distance bus services from Gulbarga to other parts of the state.
The Bidar-Srirangapatna State high way made road transportation easy to travel between Bangalore and other neighboring states [like Andra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Goa]. Gulbarga is connected by road to most places in south and west India. Some of these are Hyderabad (220 km), Bangalore (623 km), Bijapur (130 km), Bidar (120 km), Basavakalyan (80 km). And also there are many private bus services which are key players for running Volvo buses between Bangalore and Gulbarga.
Railways
Gulbarga is served by a major rail line and is well connected by trains to all major parts of India. Like Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Coimbature, Kanyakumari, Trivandrum, Nagarcoil, Bhubneshwa, Jodhpur, etc.
Air
The nearest airport is in Hyderabad (220 km).
Now Govt of Karnataka has sanctioned new Airport to the Gulbarga City.
The construction at the site had started in July 2008 and shall be completed in two years time.
Economy
Agriculture is the main source of income here. Though the land here is dry , much of the farming is dependent on rains (non-irrigated).
Gulbarga is one of the largest red grams producing areas in the State and has the largest dal mills. The main soil found in the district is black soil, which facilitates the cultivation of crops like jowar, groundnut, rice, sugarcane, sunflower, wheat, cotton, linseed and pulses. Gulbarga is also known for rose cultivation. The Upper Krishna Project in the district is a major irrigational venture.
Some of the major industries in the region are textile, leather and chemical industries. Other major industry is cement, Birla group's Vasavadatta cement plant is located in Sedam, Rajashree cement is located in Malkhed, ACC cement in Wadi which are considered as some of the major cluster of cement industries in India.
The next major source of income now is IT as most of the Professionals after completing there academics move to IT hubs such as Bengalooru, Hyderabad etc. Gulbarga is considered as one of the most backward region in the country, this is because of lack interest by the government and the politicians in development and economic welfare of the region.
Government has to take few steps to address the basic problems like food, water and education of the rural people. There are only two classes of people here, the very poor and the very rich.
The government has yet to take major decisions to make Gulbarga an IT hub.
Education
Gulbarga basically developed as an educational hub right from the Nizams time and continues till date.a privately held trust, set up a series of educational institutions beginning with an Engineering college, which continue to be rated quite well.. Gulbarga has a university Gulbarga University established in 1980. Its jurisdiction extends to the five districts of Gulbarga, Bidar, Raichur, Bellary and Koppal. Earlier it was a post-graduate centre of Karnatak University, Dharwad since 1970. The main campus is situated on a of land, 6 kilo meters east of Gulbarga city. It has 37 post-graduate departments and 4 post-graduate centres located at Krishnadevarayanagar, Bellary, Raichur and Bidar. Another post-graduate centre at Basavakalyan is on the anvil. The University enrolls about 3500 students every year for various post-graduate, M.Phil. and Ph.D. programmes in various disciplines. There are about 200 faculty members and about 700 technical and non-technical supporting staff. There are 230 colleges affiliated to this University which enroll graduate/diploma courses in arts, fine arts, music, social sciences, science & technology, commerce, education and law.
A new Planfor the Central University had been proposed to be build in the city in a few Years..
Gulbarga is famous as the 'City of Education' for the Great Institutions Managed by private as well as the government sectors.
Below are the famous educational centers of Gulbarga:
Actuate Technologies(Technology Training Centers)
- It is a leading Software and Hardware training center with the best infrastructure available
- in the city, a very good center for the student community who can gain very good knowledge
- and be technically sound. ADDRESS:aditya complex II floor,PDA engineering college road,Gulbarga.
Medical colleges (Allopathy, Dental, Homeopathy and ISM)
- Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College.(MRMC)
- Khaja Banda Nawaz Institute Of Medical Sciences.(KBNIMS)
- S. Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Science.(NIDS)
- Al Badar Dental College & Hospital.(ABDC)
- H.K.E. Society's Homoeopathic Medical College and
Hospital.(HKESHMC)
- Hingulambika Education Trust's Ayurvedic Medical College.(HETAMC)
- Islamiya Education Ayurveda College.(IEAC)
- Tipu Sultan Unani Medical College and Hospital.(TSUMC)
Engineering Colleges
- Poojya Dodappa Appa College of Engineering[AUTONOMOUS](PDACE)
- Khaja Banda Nawaz College of Engineering.(KBNCE)
- K.C.T. Engineering College.(KCTEC)
- Appa Institute of Engineering & Technology.(AIET)
Polytechnic colleges
- Government Polytechnic College.
- N.V. Society's Polytechnic College.
- K.C.T Polytechnic College Aided.
- H.K.E Society's Polytechnic College.
MBA / MCA Colleges
- Doddappa Appa Institute of Business Management,
- Gulbarga University Campus,
- ICFAI MBA College
Biotechnology Colleges
- Vishwesharayya College BSc Biotechnology.
- Deccan Biotech college
- V.G.women's college of B.Sc Biotechnology.
Schools/PUC/Degree College
- Govt. High School Nelogi
- Govt. High School Srinivas Saradagi
- Govt. Girls High School Shahabad
- Govt. Girls High School Gulbarga
- Govt. Girls High School Jewargi
- Govt. Girls High School Yadgir
- Govt. Girls High School Shahapur
- Govt. Girls High School Surpur
- Govt. College
- Govt. College Srinivas Saradagi
- Govt. College Shahabad
- Govt. College Jewargi
- Govt. College Afzalpur
- Govt. College Wadi
- Govt. College Kamalapur
- Govt. College Rangampet
- Govt. College Girls Gulbarga
- Govt. College Girls Jewargi
- Govt. College GirlsShahapur
- Shahbaaz English Medium School
- Nutan Vidyalaya School (English\Kannada\Marathi)
- Nutan Vidyalaya PU & Degree College
- Sri Sharanabasaweshwara Residential Public School(English)
- Chandrakant Patil English Medium School(C.P.E.M.S)(CBSE)
- National High School (English\Urdu)
- Lilly Rose School (English\Urdu)
- Tiny Pearls School (English)
- Sayyid Akbar Hussaini school(English)(ICSE)
- Kendriya Vidyalaya (CBSE)
- St Mary School
- St Joseph Convent School
Politics
Gulbarga is home for the two ex-chief ministers of Karnataka namely Late Veerendra Patil (1968-1971,1988-1990) and Dharam Singh (2004-2006) both belonging to the Congress party.
Attractions
Gulbarga's old moated fort is in a much deteriorated state, but it has a number of interesting buildings inside including the Jama Masjid, reputed to have been built by a Moorish architect during the late 14th or early 15th century who imitated the great mosque in Cordoba, Spain. The mosque is unique in India, with a huge dome covering the whole area, four smaller ones at the corners, and 75 smaller still all the way around. The fort itself has 15 towers. Gulbarga also has a number of imposing tombs of Bahmani kings, a shrine to an important Muslim saint, Sharana Basaveshwara Temple, Sri Sai baba temple, Sri Ram Mandir and Sri Bhavani shankar temple(Sri Sadashiv maharaj).
Sri Kshetra Ghangapur is a famous pilgrimage center of God Sri Sadguru Dattarya, situated very close to Gulbarga. Thousands of pilgrims visit Gulbarga during the annual festival held at the holy shrine of Khwaja Bande Nawaz Darga to commemorate his death anniversary.
- Sharana Basaveshwara Temple.(S.B.TEMPLE)
- Khwaja Bande Nawaz Darga (KBN DARGA)
- Siddhart Budhha Vihar
Apart from the religious attractions,Gulbarga also has entertainment attraction like the newly launched Shetty's Talkie Town multiplex(a value based division of Fun Cinemas) having 4 screens in total with all facilities for quality entertainment, located on aland road in gulbarga.
External links
|
| |
|
|
