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The GNI consists of: the personal consumption expenditures, the gross private investment, the government consumption expenditures, the net income from assets abroad (net income receipts), and the gross exports of goods and services, after deducting two components: the gross imports of goods and services, and the indirect business taxes. The GNI is similar to the gross national product (GNP), except that in measuring the GNP one does not deduct the indirect business taxes.
GNI versus GDP
For example, the profits of a US-owned company operating in the UK will only count towards US GNI and UK GDP. If a country becomes heavily indebted, and pays large amounts of interest to service this debt, this will be reflected in a decreased GNI but not a decreased GDP. If a country sells off its resources to entities outside their country this will also be reflected over time in decreased GNI, but not decreased GDP. Therefore, the GDP appears more attractive for countries with increasing national debt and decreasing assets.
GNI versus GNP
GNPGross National Product is the market value of all products and services produced in one year by labor and property supplied by the residents of a country...
is a concept that goes hand in hand with GNI, GDP, and
NNINet national income is an economics term used in national income accounting. It can be defined as the net national product minus indirect taxes...
. In contrast to the GNI, the GNP does not account for the balance of cross-country income, such as interest and dividends. In contrast to the GDP, the GNP account for the values of products and services based on citizenship of the owners rather than the territory of the activity
List of countries by GNI (nominal, Atlas method) （millions of US$） (Top 10)
| Rank |
2010 |
2009 |
2008 |
| 1 |
|
14,600,828 |
|
14,223,686 |
|
14,506,142 |
| 2 |
|
5,700,018 |
|
4,857,623 |
|
4,853,005 |
| 3 |
|
5,369,116 |
|
4,785,450 |
|
4,042,883 |
| 4 |
|
3,537,180 |
|
3,473,814 |
|
3,504,510 |
| 5 |
|
2,749,821 |
|
2,750,418 |
|
2,799,960 |
| 6 |
|
2,399,292 |
|
2,538,578 |
|
2,700,770 |
| 7 |
|
2,125,845 |
|
2,114,668 |
|
2,115,482 |
| 8 |
|
1,830,392 |
|
1,563,126 |
|
1,449,186 |
| 9 |
|
1,566,636 |
|
1,472,046 |
|
1,446,669 |
| 10 |
|
1,462,894 |
|
1,405,064 |
|
1,433,699 |
See also
- Net national income
Net national income is an economics term used in national income accounting. It can be defined as the net national product minus indirect taxes...
- Measures of national income and output
A variety of measures of national income and output are used in economics to estimate total economic activity in a country or region, including gross domestic product , gross national product , and net national income . All are specially concerned with counting the total amount of goods and...
- Gross national income in the European Union
Gross national income at market prices in the of 27 Member States ' amounted to EUR 25000 per inhabitant in 2008. In 2009 GNI in EU-27 fell by -5.5% over the year 2008....
- List of countries by GNI per capita
- Low-Income Countries Under Stress
Low-Income Countries Under Stress is a World Bank program aimed at poverty reduction in developing countries.-Source:* ....
(LICUS) (World Bank program)
- National average salary
The National Average Salary is the mean salary for the working population of a nation. It is calculated by summing all the annual salaries of all persons in work and dividing the total by the number of workers...