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Groningen is the northeasternmost province of the Netherlands
Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
. In the east it borders the German
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
 state of Niedersachsen
Lower Saxony

Lower Saxony lies in northern Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen States of Germany of Germany. In rural areas Low German is still spoken, but the number of speakers is declining....
 (districts of Leer
Leer (district)

Leer is a districts of Germany in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by the City of Emden, the districts of Aurich , Wittmund , Friesland , Ammerland, Cloppenburg and Emsland, and by the Netherlands ....
 and Emsland
Emsland

Landkreis Emsland is a districts of Germany in Lower Saxony, Germany named after the river Ems . It is bounded by the districts of Leer , Cloppenburg and Osnabr?ck , the state of North Rhine-Westphalia , the district of Bentheim and the Netherlands ....
), in the south Drenthe
Drenthe

Drenthe is a province of the Netherlands, located in the north-east of the country. The capital city is Assen. It is bordered by Overijssel to the south, Friesland to the west, Groningen to the north, and Germany to the east....
, in the west Friesland
Friesland

Friesland is a province in the north of the Netherlands and part of the bigger region known as Frisia. In order to distinguish it from the other Frisian regions, it is commonly specified as Westerlauwer Frisia, Westerlauwer Friesland, West Frisia or West Friesland....
 and in the north the Wadden Sea
Wadden Sea

The Wadden Sea is the name for a body of water and its associated coastal wetlands lying between a section of the coast of northwestern continental Europe and the North Sea....
. The capital of the province is the city of Groningen
Groningen (city)

||-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |}Groningen is the capital city of the province of Groningen in the Netherlands. With a population of 185,000, it is by far the largest city in the north of the Netherlands....
.

use in Groningen is mainly agricultural, it has a large natural gas field
Natural gas field

Petroleum and natural gas are produced by the same geological process: Anaerobic digestion decay of organic matter deep under the Earth's surface. As a consequence, oil and natural gas are often found together....
 near Slochteren
Slochteren

Slochteren is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands.The municipality can be characterized as a chain of small villages dividing a mostly agricultural landscape....
.

inally a part of Frisia
Frisia

Frisia is a coastal region along the southeastern corner of the North Sea, i.e. the German Bight. Frisia is the traditional homeland of the Frisians, a Germanic people who speak Frisian languages, a language group closely related to the English language....
, Groningen became a part of the Frankish Empire
Frankish Empire

Francia or Frankia, later also called the Frankish Empire , Frankish Kingdom , Frankish Realm or occasionally Frankland, was the territory inhabited and ruled by the Franks from the 3rd to the 10th century....
 around 785.






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Groningen is the northeasternmost province of the Netherlands
Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
. In the east it borders the German
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
 state of Niedersachsen
Lower Saxony

Lower Saxony lies in northern Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen States of Germany of Germany. In rural areas Low German is still spoken, but the number of speakers is declining....
 (districts of Leer
Leer (district)

Leer is a districts of Germany in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by the City of Emden, the districts of Aurich , Wittmund , Friesland , Ammerland, Cloppenburg and Emsland, and by the Netherlands ....
 and Emsland
Emsland

Landkreis Emsland is a districts of Germany in Lower Saxony, Germany named after the river Ems . It is bounded by the districts of Leer , Cloppenburg and Osnabr?ck , the state of North Rhine-Westphalia , the district of Bentheim and the Netherlands ....
), in the south Drenthe
Drenthe

Drenthe is a province of the Netherlands, located in the north-east of the country. The capital city is Assen. It is bordered by Overijssel to the south, Friesland to the west, Groningen to the north, and Germany to the east....
, in the west Friesland
Friesland

Friesland is a province in the north of the Netherlands and part of the bigger region known as Frisia. In order to distinguish it from the other Frisian regions, it is commonly specified as Westerlauwer Frisia, Westerlauwer Friesland, West Frisia or West Friesland....
 and in the north the Wadden Sea
Wadden Sea

The Wadden Sea is the name for a body of water and its associated coastal wetlands lying between a section of the coast of northwestern continental Europe and the North Sea....
. The capital of the province is the city of Groningen
Groningen (city)

||-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |}Groningen is the capital city of the province of Groningen in the Netherlands. With a population of 185,000, it is by far the largest city in the north of the Netherlands....
.

Geography

Land use in Groningen is mainly agricultural, it has a large natural gas field
Natural gas field

Petroleum and natural gas are produced by the same geological process: Anaerobic digestion decay of organic matter deep under the Earth's surface. As a consequence, oil and natural gas are often found together....
 near Slochteren
Slochteren

Slochteren is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands.The municipality can be characterized as a chain of small villages dividing a mostly agricultural landscape....
.

History

Originally a part of Frisia
Frisia

Frisia is a coastal region along the southeastern corner of the North Sea, i.e. the German Bight. Frisia is the traditional homeland of the Frisians, a Germanic people who speak Frisian languages, a language group closely related to the English language....
, Groningen became a part of the Frankish Empire
Frankish Empire

Francia or Frankia, later also called the Frankish Empire , Frankish Kingdom , Frankish Realm or occasionally Frankland, was the territory inhabited and ruled by the Franks from the 3rd to the 10th century....
 around 785. Charlemagne
Charlemagne

Charlemagne was List of Frankish kings from 768 to his death. He expanded the Franks kingdoms into a Carolingian Empire that incorporated much of Western Europe and Central Europe....
 assigned the Christianization of this new possession to Ludger
Ludger

Saint Ludger was a Missionary#Catholic_missions among the Frisians and Saxons, founder of Werden Abbey and first Bishop of M?nster in Westphalia....
. In the 11th century, the city of Groningen was a village in Drenthe
Drenthe

Drenthe is a province of the Netherlands, located in the north-east of the country. The capital city is Assen. It is bordered by Overijssel to the south, Friesland to the west, Groningen to the north, and Germany to the east....
 that belonged to the Bishopric of Utrecht, while most of the province was in the diocese of Münster. During the Middle Ages, central control was remote, and the city of Groningen acted as a city state, exerting a dominating influence on the surrounding Ommelanden
Ommelanden

The Ommelanden are the parts of Groningen that surround Groningen . Usually mentioned as synonym for the province in the expression Stad en Ommeland ....
. Around 1500, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian I of Habsburg was Holy Roman Empire from 1508 until his death, but had ruled jointly with his father for the last ten years of his reign, from circa 1483....
 gave Groningen and Friesland to Albert, Duke of Saxony
Albert, Duke of Saxony

Albert III was a rulers of Saxony. He was nicknamed Albert the Bold or Albert the Courageous and founded the Albertine line of the House of Wettin....
, who could however not establish permanent control. In 1514/15 Groningen came to the Duchy of Guelders
Guelders

Guelders or Gueldres is the name of a historical county, later duchy in the Low Countries.The duchy was named after the town of Geldern, which is now in Germany....
, and in 1536 to the Habsburg Netherlands
Habsburg Netherlands

The Habsburg Netherlands was a geo-political entity covering the whole Low Countries from 1482 to 1556/1581 and solely the Southern Netherlands from 1581 to 1794....
. In 1594, Groningen was conquered by the United Netherlands, to which it belonged henceforth.

Political history

East Groningen was the scene of a particularly fierce class struggle
Class struggle

Class struggle is the active expression of class conflict looked at from any kind of socialism perspective. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, leading ideologists of communism, wrote "The [written] history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggle"....
 in the 19th and 20th centuries. Perhaps not coincidentally, Groningen boasts the only municipality (Beerta) where the Communist Party of the Netherlands
Communist Party of the Netherlands

The Communist Party of the Netherlands was a Politics of the Netherlands communism political party. The CPN is one of the predecessors of the GreenLeft....
 has ever had a mayor (Hanneke Jagersma).

Dialect

Groningen is home to a typical Low Saxon
Dutch Low Saxon

Dutch Low Saxon is a group of Low German dialects spoken in the northeastern Netherlands . The class "Dutch Low Saxon" is not unanimous. From a wikt:diachronic point of view, the Dutch Low Saxon dialects are merely the Low Saxon dialects which are native to areas in the Netherlands ....
 dialect
Dialect

A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class....
 called Gronings
Gronings

Groningan Low Saxon, in the language itself called Grunnegs or Gr?nnegs , is a collective noun for some Friso-Saxon dialects spoken in the province of Groningen and around the Groningan border in Drenthe and Friesland....
 (Grönnegs / Grunnegs in Gronings regional language), with local nuances. Nowadays, many inhabitants of the province do not speak the dialect, especially in the city of Groningen
Groningen (city)

||-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |}Groningen is the capital city of the province of Groningen in the Netherlands. With a population of 185,000, it is by far the largest city in the north of the Netherlands....
 where many outsiders have moved.

Municipalities

  • Appingedam
    Appingedam

    Appingedam is a municipality and a city in the northeastern Netherlands. Appingedam's railway station is Appingedam railway station....
  • Bedum
    Bedum

    Bedum is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands. Populated by around 10,000 inhabitants, Bedum is one of the larger of Groningen 's several satellite towns....
  • Bellingwedde
    Bellingwedde

    Bellingwedde is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands....
  • De Marne
    De Marne

    De Marne is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands....
  • Delfzijl
    Delfzijl

    Delfzijl is a municipality and city in the northeast of the Netherlands. It is situated on the left bank of the Ems estuary, which forms the border with Germany....
  • Eemsmond
    Eemsmond

    Eemsmond is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands....
  • Groningen
    Groningen (city)

    ||-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |-| |}Groningen is the capital city of the province of Groningen in the Netherlands. With a population of 185,000, it is by far the largest city in the north of the Netherlands....
  • Grootegast
    Grootegast

    Grootegast is a municipality and a village in the northeastern Netherlands. It is the sister city of Kingston, Tasmania....
  • Haren
    Haren (Groningen)

    Haren is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands located in the direct urban area of the Groningen_....
  • Hoogezand-Sappemeer
    Hoogezand-Sappemeer

    Hoogezand-Sappemeer is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands. It is the second largest municipality in the province of Groningen , after the city of Groningen ....
  • Leek
    Leek, Netherlands

    Leek is a municipality and a town in the Groningen province in the northeastern Netherlands, bordering on the Drenthe and Friesland provinces....
  • Loppersum
    Loppersum

    Loppersum is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands in the province of Groningen ....
  • Marum
    Marum

    Marum is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands....
  • Menterwolde
    Menterwolde

    Menterwolde is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands....
  • Pekela
    Pekela

    Pekela is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands....
  • Reiderland
    Reiderland

    Reiderland is a municipality in the province Groningen_%28province%29 in the northeastern Netherlands, which was founded in 1990 during a large municipal reorganization....
  • Scheemda
    Scheemda

    Scheemda is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands....
  • Slochteren
    Slochteren

    Slochteren is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands.The municipality can be characterized as a chain of small villages dividing a mostly agricultural landscape....
  • Stadskanaal
    Stadskanaal

    Stadskanaal is a Canal, municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands.The area is known for its peat mining....
  • Ten Boer
    Ten Boer

    Ten Boer is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands....
  • Veendam
    Veendam

    Veendam is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands provinces of the Netherlands of Groningen .A Holland America Line cruise ship, the MS Veendam, is named for the city....
  • Vlagtwedde
    Vlagtwedde

    Vlagtwedde is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands....
  • Winschoten
    Winschoten

    Winschoten is a municipality and city in the northeast of the Netherlands.Population : 18.497; area: 22,24 km2.The origin of the name of Winschoten is not known but it has received nicknames....
  • Winsum
    Winsum

    Winsum is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands.Estated in 1057, Winsum has 8,000 inhabitants, mostly commuters to Groningen, and is formed out of three towns: Obergum , Winsum and Bellingeweer ....
  • Zuidhorn
    Zuidhorn

    Zuidhorn is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands. Due to a municipal reoganisation in 1990, Zuidhorn was extended when it merged with, though not physically connected to Oldehove , Grijpskerk and Aduard....


People from Groningen Province


  • Abel Tasman
    Abel Tasman

    Abel Janszoon Tasman , was a Netherlands sea explorer, exploration, and merchant.Tasman is best known for his voyages of 1642 and 1644 in the service of the VOC ....
    , Explorer
  • Cornelis Dopper
    Cornelis Dopper

    Cornelis 'Kees' Dopper was a Netherlands composer, Conductor and teacher....
    , conductor and composer.
  • Albert Eckhout
    Albert Eckhout

    Albert Eckhout was a Netherlands portrait and still life painter.Eckhout was among the first European artists to paint scenes from the New World....
    , painter.
  • Wiebbe Hayes
    Wiebbe Hayes

    Wiebbe Hayes was a Colonial troops soldier from Winschoten, Netherlands. Hayes became a national hero after he led a group of soldiers, sailors and other survivors of the shipwreck of the Batavia against the murderous Mutiny led by Jeronimus Cornelisz at the Houtman Abrolhos Archipelago , off the Western Australian coastline in 1629....
    , a Dutch soldier and national hero in the 1600s.
  • Lenie 't Hart
    Lenie 't Hart

    Lenie 't Hart is a Dutch animal rights activist. In 1971, she foundedEarless seal rehabilitation centre Zeehondencr?che Lenie 't Hart in Pieterburen, Groningen ....
    , animal rights
    Animal rights

    Animal rights, also known as animal liberation, is the idea that the most basic interests of animals should be afforded the same consideration as the similar interests of human beings....
     activist
  • Jozef Israëls
    Jozef Israëls

    Jozef Isra?ls was a the Netherlands Painting, and "the most respected Dutch artist of the second half of the nineteenth century"....
    , painter.
  • Aletta Jacobs
    Aletta Jacobs

    Aletta Henri?tte Jacobs, better known as Aletta Jacobs was the first woman to complete a university course in the Netherlands and the first female physician....
    , first woman to study medicine
    Medicine

    Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
     in the Netherlands.
  • Freek de Jonge
    Freek de Jonge

    Frederik Jan Georg "Freek" de Jonge is a Netherlands cabaret performer.BiographyHe was born in the village De Marne as son of a pastor....
    , cabaret
    Cabaret

    Cabaret is a form of entertainment featuring comedy, song, dance, and theatre, distinguished mainly by the performance venue — a restaurant or nightclub with a stage for performances and the audience sitting at tables watching the performance being introduced by a master of ceremonies, or MC....
     artist.
  • Jurrie Koolhof
    Jurrie Koolhof

    Jurjen Jacob Koolhof is a former Netherlands international football striker and manager.As a player, Koolhof had a long and productive career, with 190 league goals....
    , former football striker. Played 106 matches for PSV Eindhoven
    PSV Eindhoven

    Philips Sport Vereniging , widely known either as PSV or PSV Eindhoven, is a sports club from Eindhoven, Netherlands. It is best known for its professional association football department....
    .
  • Gerrit Krol
    Gerrit Krol

    Gerrit Krol is a Netherlands author, essayist and writer.Krol studied mathematics and worked with Royal Dutch Shell and some of its operating units as computer programmer and system designer....
    , writer.
  • Jan Mulder
    Jan Mulder (footballer)

    For other Jan Mulders see Jan MulderJohan Mulder was a Dutch football striker who played for R.S.C. Anderlecht and AFC Ajax. He also played five matches for the Netherlands national football team, scoring once....
    , former football player. Played for Ajax Amsterdam
    Ajax Amsterdam

    Amsterdamsche Football Club Ajax , also referred to as AFC Ajax, or simply Ajax, is a professional Association football football team from Amsterdam, Netherlands....
  • Arjen Robben
    Arjen Robben

    Arjen Robben is a Netherlands association football who plays for Real Madrid. Though often classified as a forward, he usually plays behind the forwards as a Midfielder#Winger....
    , footballer
  • Noisia
    NOISIA

    NOISIA is a Netherlands Electronic music trio consisting of members Nik Roos, Martijn van Sonderen and Thijs de Vlieger from Groningen , The Netherlands....
    , Band


External links