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Greek scholars in the Renaissance

 

 
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Greek scholars in the Renaissance
 
 
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The migration of Byzantine Greek scholars and other émigrés from Byzantium
Byzantium

Byzantium was an Ancient Greece city, which was founded by Greeks colonists from Megara in 667 BC and named after their king Byzas or Byzantas ....
 during the decline of the Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire and Eastern Roman Empire are conventional names used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered on its capital of Constantinople....
 (1203-1453) and mainly after the fall of Constantinople
Constantinople

Constantinople was the empire capital of the Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire , and the Ottoman Empire . Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christendom empire, successor to ancient ancient Greece...
 in 1453 until the 16th century, is considered by modern scholars as crucial in the revival of Greek
Ancient Greece

The term Ancient Greece refers to the period of History of Greece lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca. 1100 BC and the Dorian invasion, to 146 BC and the Roman Republic conquest of Greece after the Battle of Corinth ....
 and Roman
Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
 studies, arts and sciences, and subsequently in the formation of Renaissance humanism
Renaissance humanism

Renaissance humanism was a European intellectual movement that was a crucial component of the Renaissance, beginning in Florence in the last years of the 14th century....
. These emigres were grammarians, humanists, poets, writers, printers, lecturers, musicians, astronomers, architects, academics, artists, scribes, philosophers, scientists, politicians and theologians.

They became particularly famous for teaching the Greek language
Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
 to their western counterparts in universities or privately.






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The migration of Byzantine Greek scholars and other émigrés from Byzantium
Byzantium

Byzantium was an Ancient Greece city, which was founded by Greeks colonists from Megara in 667 BC and named after their king Byzas or Byzantas ....
 during the decline of the Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire and Eastern Roman Empire are conventional names used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered on its capital of Constantinople....
 (1203-1453) and mainly after the fall of Constantinople
Constantinople

Constantinople was the empire capital of the Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire , and the Ottoman Empire . Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christendom empire, successor to ancient ancient Greece...
 in 1453 until the 16th century, is considered by modern scholars as crucial in the revival of Greek
Ancient Greece

The term Ancient Greece refers to the period of History of Greece lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca. 1100 BC and the Dorian invasion, to 146 BC and the Roman Republic conquest of Greece after the Battle of Corinth ....
 and Roman
Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
 studies, arts and sciences, and subsequently in the formation of Renaissance humanism
Renaissance humanism

Renaissance humanism was a European intellectual movement that was a crucial component of the Renaissance, beginning in Florence in the last years of the 14th century....
. These emigres were grammarians, humanists, poets, writers, printers, lecturers, musicians, astronomers, architects, academics, artists, scribes, philosophers, scientists, politicians and theologians.

They became particularly famous for teaching the Greek language
Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
 to their western counterparts in universities or privately. Many brought Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek is the historical stage in the development of the Greek language spanning across the Archaic Greece , Classical Greece , and Hellenistic civilization periods of ancient Greece and the classical antiquity....
 texts with them which were copied, later printed, and disseminated across Europe
Europe

Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
. The most widely known financial supporters of those scholars (around the Fall of Constantinople) were: Pope Nicholas V
Pope Nicholas V

Pope Nicholas V , born Tommaso Parentucelli, was Pope from March 6, 1447 to his death in 1455....
, Anna Notaras
Anna Notaras

Anna Notaras was the daughter of Loukas Notaras, the last Megas Doux of the Byzantine Empire. She left Constantinople between 1440 and 1449 and went to Rome with her two sisters, so she avoided the fall of Constantinople and the massacre of her family....
 and Cosimo de Medici. Anna Notaras
Anna Notaras

Anna Notaras was the daughter of Loukas Notaras, the last Megas Doux of the Byzantine Empire. She left Constantinople between 1440 and 1449 and went to Rome with her two sisters, so she avoided the fall of Constantinople and the massacre of her family....
 established Zacharias Calliergi
Zacharias Calliergi

Zacharias Calliergi was a Greeks Renaissance humanism and scholar. He was born in Crete but emigrated to Rome at a young age. In 1499 by helped to bring out the Etymologicum Magnum at Venice and in 1515 he set up a printing press where he published exclusively Greek volumes, among them the first Greek book printed in Rome, a book of humns by...
, one of the very first printing presses for Greek books in Venice in 1499. By 1500 there was a Greek community of about 5,000 in Venice
Venice

Venice is a city in northern Italy, the capital city of the Italian regions Veneto, a population of 271,251 . Together with Padua, Italy, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area ....
 alone, the largest in Europe, apart from the pockets of Southern Italy which were still Greek-speaking. The Venetians also ruled Crete
Crete

Crete is the largest of the Greek islands and the List of islands in the Mediterranean largest island in the Mediterranean Sea at 8,336 km? ....
 and Dalmatia
Dalmatia

Dalmatia is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, situated mostly in modern Croatia and spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Bay of Kotor in the southeast....
, where many refugees also settled. Crete was especially notable for the Cretan School
Cretan School

The term Cretan School describes an important school of icon painting, also known as Post-Byzantine art, which flourished while Crete was under Republic of Venice rule during the late Middle Ages, reaching its climax after the Fall of Constantinople, becoming the central force in Greek painting during the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries....
 of icon
Icon

An 'icon' is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, from Eastern Christianity. More broadly the term is used in a wide number of contexts for an image, picture, or representation; it is a sign or likeness that stands for an object by signifying or representing it either concretely or by analogy, as in semiotics; by extension, ...
-painting, which after 1453 became the most important in the Greek world.

List of renowned Byzantine scholars

Manuel Chrysoloras
*Manuel Chrysoloras
Manuel Chrysoloras

Manuel Chrysoloras , one of the pioneers in introducing Greek language literature to Western Europe.He was born in Constantinople to a distinguished family, and was a pupil of Gemistus Pletho....
 -Florence, Pavia, Rome, Venice, Milan
  • George Gemistos Plethon -Teacher of Bessarion
  • Bessarion
  • George of Trebizond
    George of Trebizond

    George of Trebizond was a Greek philosopher and scholar, one of the pioneers of the Renaissance....
     -Venice, Florence, Rome
  • Theodorus Gaza
    Theodorus Gaza

    Theodorus Gaza or Theodore Gazis was a Greek humanist and translator of Aristotle, one of the Greece scholars who were the leaders of the revival of learning in the 15th century ....
     -First dean of the University of Ferrara, Naples and Rome
  • John Argyropoulos
    John Argyropoulos

    John Argyropoulos was a Greeks lecturer, philosopher and humanist, one of the ?migr? scholars who Greek scholars in the Renaissance the revival of learning in Western Europe in the 15th century....
     -Universities of Florence, Rome, Padua teacher of Leonardo da Vinci
    Leonardo da Vinci

    Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci was an Italy polymath, being a scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, Painting, sculptor, architect, botanist, musician and writer....
  • Laonicus Chalcocondyles
  • Demetrius Chalcondyles
    Demetrius Chalcondyles

    Demetrius Chalcocondyles or Demetrios Chalcocondylis or Chalcocondylas or Chalcondyles , born in Athens, was one of the most eminent Greek scholars in the West....
     -Milan
  • Theofilos Chalcocondylis
    Chalcocondylis

    Chalcocondyles , also seen as Chalcocandylis or Charchandylis , was a romioi noble family of Athens which was elected during the Florence possession of the city....
     -Florence
  • Constantine Lascaris
    Constantine Lascaris

    Constantine Lascaris was a Greeks scholar and grammarian, one of the promoters of the revival of Greek learning in the Italian peninsula, born at Constantinople....
     -University of Messina
    University of Messina

    The University of Messina is a public university located in Messina, Italy, and founded in 1548. The university is organized in 11 Faculties....
  • Henry Aristippus
    Henry Aristippus

    Henry Aristippus of Calabria, sometimes known as Enericus or Henricus Aristippus, was the archdeacon of Catania and later chief familiaris of the triumvirate of familiares who replaced the Emir Maio of Bari as chief functionaries of the kingdom of Sicily in 1161....
  • Michael Apostolius
    Michael Apostolius

    Michael Apostolius was a Greek people theologian and rhetorician of the 15th century.When, in 1453, the Turks conquered Constantinople, his native city, he fled to Italy, and there obtained the protection of Johannes Bessarion....
     -Rome
  • Aristobulus Apostolius
    Aristobulus Apostolius

    Aristobulus Apostolius was a son of Michael Apostolius and brother of Arsenius Apostolius. The time of his birth and death is not known. Archdeacon of Rome....
  • Arsenius Apostolius
    Arsenius Apostolius

    Arsenius Apostolius was a son of Michael Apostolius and brother of Aristobulus Apostolius. He was a scholar and bishop of Monemvasia in the Peloponnese. ...
  • Demetrius Cydones
    Demetrius Cydones

    Demetrius Cydones was a Byzantine Empire theologian, translator and writer. He was the brother of Prochorus Cydones.After converting from Eastern Orthodoxy to Roman Catholicism, he attempted to reunite the two branches of Christianity....
  • Janus Lascaris
    Janus Lascaris

    Janus Lascaris , also called John, and surnamed Rhyndacenus , was a noted Greek scholars in the Renaissance.After the fall of Constantinople he was taken to the Peloponnesus and to Crete....
     or Rhyndacenus -Rome
  • Maximus the Greek
    Maximus the Greek

    Maximus the Greek, also known as Maximos the Greek or Maksim Grek His secular name was Michael Trivolis was a publicist, writer, scholar, Humanism and translator of Greeks origin, active in Russia....
     studied in Italy before moving to Russia
  • Ioannis Kottounios
    Ioannis Kottounios

    Ioannis Kottounios, was an eminent Greek scholar.He was born in Veroia in 1572. He was a student at the Greek college of Ayios Athanasios in Rome ....
     -Padua
  • Konstantinos Kallokratos
    Konstantinos Kallokratos

    Konstantinos Kallokratos was a teacher and a poet.He was born in Veroia in 1589. He was a student at the Greek College of Ayios Athanasios in Rome between 1600 and 1610....
  • Barlaam of Seminara -Teacher of Boccacio
  • Marcus Musurus
    Marcus Musurus

    Marcus Musurus was a Greeks scholar and philosopher born in Rethymno, Crete. The son of a rich merchant, he became at an early age a pupil of John Lascaris in Venice....
     -University of Padua
  • Michael Tarchaniota Marullus
    Michael Tarchaniota Marullus

    Michael Tarchaniota Marullus , Greece scholar, poet, and soldier, was probably born at Constantinople.In 1453, with the Fall of Constantinople to Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire, he was taken to Ancona in Italy, where he became the friend and pupil of Jovianus Pontanus, with whom his name is associated by Ariosto ....
     -Ancona and Florence, friend and pupil of Jovianus Pontanus
    Jovianus Pontanus

    Iovianus Pontanus was an Italy Humanism and poet....
  • Leo Allatius
    Leo Allatius

    Leo Allatius , was an energetic Greek Byzantine Catholic Church scholar and theologian.Allatius was born in Chios around 1586, a distinctly Eastern Orthodox environment....
     -Rome, librarian of the library of Vatican
    Vatican Library

    The Vatican Library , is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts....
  • Demetrios Ducas
  • Leozio Pilatus
    Leozio Pilatus

    Leozio Pilatus, or Leontius , one of the earliest promoters of Greek language studies in Western Europe, was a native of Seminara, Reggio Calabria....
     -Teacher of Petrarch
    Petrarch

    Francesco Petrarca , known in English language as Petrarch, was an Italy scholar, poet and one of the earliest Renaissance humanism. Petrarch is often popularly called the "Father of Humanism"....
     and Boccacio
Leone Allacci Im Collegio Greco Rom
*Maximus Planudes
Maximus Planudes

Maximus Planudes , was a Byzantine Greek grammarian and theology who lived and worked during the reigns of Michael VIII Palaeologus and Andronicus II Palaeologus....
 -Rome, Venice
  • Leonard of Chios
    Leonard of Chios

    Leonard of Chios was a Greeks-born Roman Catholic Church prelate....
     -Greek-born Roman-Catholic prelate
  • Simon Atumano
    Simon Atumano

    Simon Atumano was the Bishop of Gerace in Calabria from 23 June 1348 until 1366 and the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Thebes thereafter until 1380....
     -Bishop of Gerace in Calabria
  • Isidore of Kiev
    Isidore of Kiev

    Isidore of Kiev, also known as Isidore of Thessalonica was a Greeks Patriarch of Russia, cardinal , humanist, and theologian. He was one of the chief Eastern defenders of reunion at the time of the Council of Florence,....
  • Elia del Medigo
    Elia del Medigo

    Elias del Medigo was the last major Jewish Averroist. He was born in Heraklion, on the island of Crete, which at that time was under the control of the Venetian Republic, but spent ten years in Rome and in Padua in northern Italy, although returning to Candia in his last years....
     -Venice
  • George Hermonymus
    George Hermonymus

    George Hermonymus or Hermonymus of Sparta was a 15th century Greeks scribe, diplomat, scholar and lecturer. He was the first person to teach Greek at the Coll?ge de Sorbonne in Paris....
     -University of Paris
    University of Paris

    The historic University of Paris first appeared in the 12th century. In 1970 it was reorganized as 13 autonomous university . The university is often referred to as the Sorbonne or La Sorbonne after the collegiate institution founded about 1257 by Robert de Sorbon....
    , teacher of Erasmus, Reuchlin, Budaeus and Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples
    Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples

    Jacques Lef?vre d'?taples was a French theologian and Humanism. He was a precursor of the Protestant movement in France. The "d'?taples" was not part of his name as such, but used to distinguish him from Jacob_Faber#Other_Jacob_Fabers_in_the_Northern_Renaissance, a less significant contemporary, a friend and correspondent of Erasmus....
  • John Chrysoloras
    John Chrysoloras

    John Chrysoloras was a relative of Manuel Chrysoloras, who like him had studied and taught at Constantinople and then migrated to Renaissance Italy....
     -scholar and diplomat: relative of Manuel Chrysoloras
    Manuel Chrysoloras

    Manuel Chrysoloras , one of the pioneers in introducing Greek language literature to Western Europe.He was born in Constantinople to a distinguished family, and was a pupil of Gemistus Pletho....
    , patron of Francesco Filelfo
    Francesco Filelfo

    Francesco Filelfo , was an Italy Renaissance humanism....
  • Andronicus Contoblacas
    Andronicus Contoblacas

    Andronicus Contoblacas was a Greek renaissance humanism and scholar. He was a lecturer at the University of Basel in Switzerland. He is noted for having been a teacher to Johann Reuchlin....
     -Basel, teacher of Johann Reuchlin
    Johann Reuchlin

    Johann Reuchlin , was a Germany Renaissance humanism and a scholar of Greek language and Hebrew language. For much of his life, he was the real centre of all Greek and Hebrew teaching in Germany....
  • John Servopoulos
    John Servopoulos

    John Servopoulos was a Greek scribe and scholar. Few details are known of his life. He was originally from Constantinople but from at least 1484 he was living in England where he copied Greek manuscripts for a living....
     -Reading, Oxford; scholar, professor
  • Johannes Crastonis
    Johannes Crastonis

    Johannes Crastonis was a Greeks renaissance humanism and scholar. He studied in Constantinople but migrated to Modena in Renaissance Italy. There he published a Greek language-Latin dictionary c.1480 ...
     Modena, Greek-Latin dictionary
  • Andronicus Callistus
    Andronicus Callistus

    Andronicus Callistus was one of the most able Greeks scholars of the 15th century.Born in Thessalonica he worked as a professor in Rome, Bologna, Florence and Paris, although he also traveled extensively in northern Europe and eventually died in the Kingdom of England in 1476....
     -Rome
  • Gerasimos Vlachos
    Gerasimos Vlachos

    Gerasimos Vlachos was a Greeks scholar of the Rennaisance.He was born in Crete but migrated to Venice early on and was a student and associate of fellow Greek scholar Theophilos Korydaleus....
     -Venice
  • George Amiroutzes
    George Amiroutzes

    George Amiroutzes was a Greeks Renaissance scholar and philosopher.He was born in Trebizond, lived and taught in Renaissance Italy and eventually died in Constantinople....
     -Florence, Aristotelian
  • Gregory Tifernas
    Gregory Tifernas

    Gregory Tifernas was a Greek renaissance humanist from the Italy city of Citt? di Castello .He studied the Greek Classics under Manuel Chrysoloras and was the first teacher of Greek in France at the University of Paris....
     -Paris teacher of Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples
    Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples

    Jacques Lef?vre d'?taples was a French theologian and Humanism. He was a precursor of the Protestant movement in France. The "d'?taples" was not part of his name as such, but used to distinguish him from Jacob_Faber#Other_Jacob_Fabers_in_the_Northern_Renaissance, a less significant contemporary, a friend and correspondent of Erasmus....
     and Robert Gaguin
    Robert Gaguin

    Robert Gaguin was a French people Renaissance humanism and philosopher. He was an influential humanist, an associate of Erasmus and a student of Gregory Tifernas....
  • Nikolaos Sophianos
    Nikolaos Sophianos

    Nikolaos Sophianos was a Greeks Renaissance humanist and cartographer chiefly noted for his Totius Graeciae Descriptio map and his grammar of Greek language....
     -Rome, Venice: scholar and geographer, creator of the Totius Graeciae Descriptio
    Totius Graeciae Descriptio

    Totius Graeciae Descriptio refers to an early regional map of Greece drawn by Renaissance humanist Nikolaos Sophianos that became a cartographical bestseller of the late 16th century....
  • Zacharias Calliergi
    Zacharias Calliergi

    Zacharias Calliergi was a Greeks Renaissance humanism and scholar. He was born in Crete but emigrated to Rome at a young age. In 1499 by helped to bring out the Etymologicum Magnum at Venice and in 1515 he set up a printing press where he published exclusively Greek volumes, among them the first Greek book printed in Rome, a book of humns by...
     -Rome
  • Mathew Devaris
    Mathew Devaris

    Mathew Devaris was a Greeks scholar during the Renaissance.He was born in Corfu but migrated to Rome Renaissance Italy at a young age. He was a student of Janus Lascaris and is known to have published Eustathius of Thessalonica's scholia or commentary on Homer between 1542-1550....
     -Rome
  • Antonios Eparchos
    Antonios Eparchos

    Antonios Eparchos was a Greeks Renaissance humanism, soldier and poet.He was born in Corfu and migrated to Venice in 1537. Later he was placed in charge of the Greek college of Milan....
     -Venice, scholar and poet
  • Maximos Margunios
    Maximos Margunios

    Maximos Margunios Bishop of Cyrigo , was a Greeks Renaissance humanism. He was a teacher at the Greek school in Venice and noted Patriarch Cyril Lucaris was among his students, Margunios was a supporter of ecclesiastical Union with Rome and wrote on the theology of the procession of the Holy Spirit....
     -Venice
  • Mathaeos Kamariotis
    Mathaeos Kamariotis

    Mathaeos Kamariotis was a Greeks scholar of the Renaissance era.He was a lecturer at the University of Constantinople and the first director of the Patriarchal Academy of Constantinople founded by the Patriarch Patriarch Gennadios II of Constantinople as a continuation of the university after the Fall of Constantinople....
  • Nikolaos Loukanis
    Nikolaos Loukanis

    Nikolaos Loukanis was a 16th-century Greeks Renaissance humanism. He worked in Venice where in 1526 he produced a translation of Homer Iliad into modern Greek which is credited as one of the first literate texts published in Modern Greek since most Greek scholars wrote in the Koine....
     -Venice
  • Iakovos Trivolis
    Iakovos Trivolis

    Iakovos Trivolis was a 16th century Greeks Renaissance humanism and historian. He published a historical work titled History of Tayiaperas and histories of the King of Scotia and the Queen of England in modern Greek, works sometimes credited as among the first to be published in that language since most Greek scholars wrote in the Koine....
    -Venice
  • Janus Plousiadenos
    Janus Plousiadenos

    Janus Plousiadenos was a 15th century Greeks Renaissance scholar, hymnographer and composer born in Creta. Plousiadenos was in favor of the Union of the Orthodox Church and Catholic Church Churches and wrote extensively on the subject....
     -Venice, hymnographer and composer


Printers, Artists & Patrons

El Greco
* El Greco
El Greco

El Greco was a painting, sculpture, and architecture of the Spanish Renaissance. "El Greco" was a nickname, a reference to his Greek origin, and the artist normally signed his paintings with his full birth name in Greek alphabet, ????????? Te?t???p????? ....
 -Cretan painter, Italy
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
, Spain
Spain

Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....
  • Antonio Vassilacchi
    Antonio Vassilacchi

    Antonio Vassilacchi, called Il Aliense , was a Greece painter, who worked mostly in Venice and the Veneto....
     - painter from Milos
    Milos

    Milos , formerly known as ????? – Melos, and before the Athens massacre and recolonization in 416 BC as ????? – Malos, is a volcanic Greece island in the Sea of Crete, just south of the Aegean Sea....
     worked in Venice
    Venice

    Venice is a city in northern Italy, the capital city of the Italian regions Veneto, a population of 271,251 . Together with Padua, Italy, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area ....
     with Paolo Veronese
    Paolo Veronese

    Paolo Veronese was an Italian painter of the Renaissance in Venice, famous for paintings such as The Wedding at Cana and The Feast in the House of Levi....
  • Michael Damaskenos -Venice, Cretan painter
  • Francisco Leontaritis
    Francisco Leontaritis

    Francisco Leontaritis or Francesco Londarit or Francesco Londarit, Franciscus Londariti, Leondaryti, Londaretus, Londaratus or Londaritus was a Greek composer, singer and hymnographer from today's Heraklion of the Venetian-dominated Crete at the Renaissance age....
     -Italy, Bavaria: singer and composer
  • Anna Notaras
    Anna Notaras

    Anna Notaras was the daughter of Loukas Notaras, the last Megas Doux of the Byzantine Empire. She left Constantinople between 1440 and 1449 and went to Rome with her two sisters, so she avoided the fall of Constantinople and the massacre of her family....
     -Venice, first Greek typing press
  • Thomas Flanginis
    Thomas Flanginis

    Thomas Flanginis of Corfu, a lawyer and merchant in Venice, who founded the Flanginion Frontisterion Greek college where many teachers were trained....
     -Venice, funded the establishment of the Flanginian Greek school for teachers
  • Angelos Pitzamanos
    Angelos Pitzamanos

    Angelos Pitzamanos was a Greeks Renaissance painter.He was born in Crete and migrated to Otranto, South Italy where he did most of his work. ...
     (1467-1535) Cretan painter Otranto
    Otranto

    Otranto is a town and commune in the province of Lecce , in a fertile region once famous for its breed of horses.It is situated on the east coast of the Salento peninsula....
    , South Italy
  • Emmanuel Tzanes
    Emmanuel Tzanes

    Emmanuel Tzanes was a Greeks Renaissance painter.He was born in Crete and migrated to Venice where he did most of his work. He was one of the most respected Greek painters of his day....
     -Venice, Cretan painter
  • Theodore Poulakis
    Theodore Poulakis

    Theodore Poulakis was a Greeks Renaissance painter. He was born in Crete and migrated to Venice where he did most of his work. Poulakis was a member of the Cretan School and contemporary of another Cretan painter of Venice, Emmanuel Tzanes....
     -Venice, painter
  • John Rhosos
    John Rhosos

    John Rhosos was a Greeks Cretan scribe and calligraphist who lived and worked in 15th century Renaissance Italy. He copied and translated works of Classical literature in Venice, Florence, Rome and other cities of Italy....
     -Rome, Venice well-known scribe


See also

  • Byzantine art
    Byzantine art

    Byzantine art is the term commonly used to describe the artistic products of the Byzantine Empire from about the 4th century until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453....
  • Cretan School
    Cretan School

    The term Cretan School describes an important school of icon painting, also known as Post-Byzantine art, which flourished while Crete was under Republic of Venice rule during the late Middle Ages, reaching its climax after the Fall of Constantinople, becoming the central force in Greek painting during the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries....
  • Byzantine science
    Byzantine science

    Byzantine science played an important role in the transmission of Classical antiquity to the Islamic Golden Age and to Renaissance Italy, and also in the transmission of medieval Islamic science to Renaissance Italy....
  • List of Byzantine scientists
    List of Byzantine scientists

    A list of Byzantine scientists.* Georgios Monachos * Michael Psellus * Michael Attaliates * Anna Comnena * Symeon Seth * Nicephorus Blemmydes ...
  • Renaissance humanism
    Renaissance humanism

    Renaissance humanism was a European intellectual movement that was a crucial component of the Renaissance, beginning in Florence in the last years of the 14th century....


Sources

  • Deno J. Geanakoplos, Byzantine East and Latin West: Two worlds of christendom in middle ages and renaissance. The Academy Library Harper & Row Publishers, New York, 1966.
  • Deno J Geanakoplos, (1958) A Byzantine looks at the renaissance, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 1 (2);pp:157-62.
  • Jonathan Harris, Greek Émigrés in the West, 1400-1520, Camberley: Porphyrogenitus, 1995.
  • Louise Ropes Loomis (1908) The Greek Renaissance in Italy The American Historical Review, 13(2);pp:246-258.
  • John Monfasani Byzantine Scholars in Renaissance Italy: Cardinal Bessarion and Other Emigrés: Selected Essays, Aldershot, Hampshire: Variorum, 1995.
  • Steven Runciman, The fall of Constantinope, 1453. Cambridge University press, Cambridge 1965.
  • Fotis Vassileiou & Barbara Saribalidou, Short Biographical Lexicon of Byzantine Academics Immigrants to Western Europe, 2007.
  • Dimitri Tselos (1956) A Greco-Italian School of Illuminators and Fresco Painters: Its Relation to the Principal Reims Manuscripts and to the Greek Frescoes in Rome and Castelseprio The Art Bulletin, 38(1);pp: 1-30.


External links