Great Hungarian Plain

{{For|the Great Plains region in the United States|Great Plains}} The '''Great Hungarian Plain''' (also known as ''Alföld'' or ''Great Alföld'', {{lang-hu|Alföld, Nagy Alföld}}) is a plain occupying the southern and eastern part of [[Hungary]], some parts of the [[Eastern Slovak Lowland]](''Východoslovenská nížina''), southwestern [[Ukraine]], the Transcarpathian Lowland (''Zakarpats'ka nyzovyna''), western [[Romania]] (various names), northern [[Serbia]] (various names), and eastern [[Croatia]] (various names). It is the largest part of the [[Pannonian Plain]]. In [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]], the plain is known as ''Alföld'' {{IPA-hu|ˈɒlføld|}}, in [[Slovak language|Slovak]] as ''Veľká dunajská kotlina'', in [[Romanian language|Romanian]] as ''Câmpia Tisei'' or ''Câmpia de Vest'', in [[Croatian language|Croatian]] as ''Panonska nizina'', in [[Serbian language|Serbian]] as ''Panonska nizija'', and in [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] as ''Тисо-Дунайська низовина''. [[Image:Alfold.JPG|thumb|500px|Alföld]] == Boundaries == [[Image:Hortobagy-ziehbrunnen.jpg|thumb|250px|Wells in the [[Hortobágy]] Puszta, with a stable]] Its boundaries are the [[Carpathian Mountains|Carpathians]] in the north and east, the [[Transdanubian Mountains]] and Croatian mountains in the southwest, and approximately the [[Sava]] river in the south. === Plain in Hungary === [[Image:Hortobágy.jpg|thumb|200px|left|[[Hortobágy]] on the Great Hungarian Plain with ''[[Racka]]'' sheep]] Its territory is [[1 E10 m²|52,000 km²]] within Hungary so it comprises approximately 56% of the country. Its total territory is [[1 E11 m²|100,000 km²]]. The highest point of the plain is [[Hoportyó]] (183 m), and the lowest point is the [[Tisza]] River. The terrain ranges from flat to rolling plains. The most important Hungarian writers inspired by and associated with the plain are [[Ferenc Móra]] and [[Zsigmond Móricz]], as well as the poets [[Sándor Petőfi]] and [[Gyula Juhász]]. Among the Hungarian scientists born in the plain are [[Zoltán Bay]] physicist, [[János Irinyi]] chemist, inventor of the noiseless match; [[János Kabay]] pharmacologist, [[Gábor Kátai]] physician and pharmacist; and [[Frigyes Korányi]] physician and pulmonologist. The most important river of the plain is [[Tisza]]. The notable cities and towns with medicinal baths are [[Berekfürdő]], [[Cserkeszőlő]], [[Gyula, Hungary|Gyula]], [[Hajdúszoboszló]], [[Szentes]] and [[Szolnok]]. Among the cultural festivals and programmes characteristic of the region are the ''Csángófesztivál'' ([[Csángó]] Festival) in [[Jászberény]], the ''Cseresznyefesztivál'' ([[Cherry|Sweet Cherry]] Festival) in [[Nagykörű]], the ''Gulyásfesztivál'' ([[Goulash]] Festival) in [[Szolnok]], the ''Hídi Vásár'' (Bridge Fair) in [[Hortobágy]], the ''Hunniális'' at [[Ópusztaszer]], the ''Szabadtéri Játékok'' (Open-air Games) in [[Szeged]], the ''Várjátékok'' (Castle Games) in [[Gyula, Hungary|Gyula]], the ''Virágkarnevál'' (Flower Carnival) in [[Debrecen]] and the ''Bajai Halászléfőző Népünnepély'' (Fisherman's Soup Boiling Festival) in [[Baja, Hungary|Baja]]. [[Image:Tanya alfold.jpg|250px|thumb|right|A farm in Great Hungarian Plain, 19th c. ,by Géza Mészöly]] The part of the plain located in Hungary comprises the following areas: * [[Mezőföld]] * [[Sárrét]] * [[Sárköz]] * [[Drávamellék]] * [[Kiskunság]] * [[Jászság]] * [[Pest Plain]] * [[Heves Plain]] * [[Borsodi-Mezőség]] * [[Bodrogköz]] * [[Tiszahát]] * [[Szatmár Plain]] * [[Maros-Körös köze]] * [[Körös-vidék]] * [[Nagykunság]] * [[Hortobágy]] *[[Hajdúság]] *[[Nyírség]] === Plain in Serbia === In Serbia, the plain is mostly divided into 3 large geographical areas known as the [[Bačka]], [[Banat]] and [[Syrmia]], most of which are located in the [[Vojvodina]] province. === Plain in Slovakia === Part of the plain located in Slovakia is known as [[Eastern Slovak Lowland]]. === Plain in Ukraine === Part of the plain located in Ukraine is known as [[Transcarpathian Lowland]]. === Plain in Romania === In Romania, the plain (Rom. câmp or câmpia, from Lat. campus) includes various regions like [[Banat]] and [[Crişana]]. Here, its name is Câmpia de Vest (The Western Plain). == See also == *[[Euro-Asian Steppe]] *[[Pannonian Basin]] *[[Carpathian Basin]] *[[Little Alföld]] *[[Vienna Basin]] *[[Puszta]] == External links == *[http://www.anthro.fsu.edu/research/koros/overview/arch_background/arch_background.html Körös Regional Archaeological Project]: Neolithic and Copper Age archaeology in the Great Hungarian Plain {{Hungary geographical regions}} {{coord missing|Croatia}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Great Hungarian Plain}}