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The glottis defined as the combination of the vocal folds
Vocal folds

The vocal folds, also known commonly as vocal cords, are composed of twin infoldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally across the larynx....
 and the space in between the folds (the rima glottidis
Rima glottidis

The rima glottidis is the opening between the true vocal cords and the arytenoids.It is normally subdivided into two parts, that between the arytenoid cartilages is called the intercartilaginous part , and that between the vocal folds the intermembranous part or glottis vocalis....
).

he vocal cords vibrate, the resulting vibration produces a "buzzing" quality to the speech, called voice
Voice (phonetics)

Voice or voicing is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sound, with sounds described as either voiceless or voiced....
 or voicing.

Sound production involving only the glottis is called glottal. English has a voiceless glottal fricative
Voiceless glottal fricative

The voiceless glottal transition, commonly called a "Fricative consonant", is a type of sound used in some Speech communication languages which often behaves like a consonant, but sometimes behaves more like a vowel, or is indeterminate in its behavior....
 spelled "h". In many accents of English the glottal stop
Glottal stop

The glottal stop, or more fully, the voiceless glottal plosive, is a type of consonantal sound which is used in many Speech communication languages....
 (made by pressing the folds together) is used as a variant allophone
Allophone

In phonetics, an allophone is one of several similar speech sounds that belong to the same phoneme. A phoneme is an abstract unit of speech sound that can distinguish words: That is, changing a phoneme in a word can produce another word....
 of the phoneme (and in some dialects, occasionally of and ); in some languages, this sound is a phoneme
Phoneme

In human language, a phoneme is the smallest posited linguistically distinctive unit of sound. Phonemes carry no semantic content themselves. In theoretical terms, phonemes are not the physical segment s themselves, but cognitive abstractions or categorizations of them....
 of its own.

Skilled players of the Australian didgeridoo
Didgeridoo

The didgeridoo is a wind musical instrument of the Australian Aborigines of northern Australia. It is sometimes described as a natural wooden trumpet or "drone pipe"....
 restrict their glottal opening in order to produce the full range of timbres available on the instrument.

The vibration produced is an essential component of voiced consonant
Consonant

In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the upper vocal tract, the upper vocal tract being defined as that part of the vocal tract that lies above the larynx....
s as well as vowel
Vowel

In phonetics, a vowel is a sound in spoken language, such as English ah! or oh! , pronounced with an open vocal tract so that there is no build-up of air pressure at any point above the glottis....
s.






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The glottis defined as the combination of the vocal folds
Vocal folds

The vocal folds, also known commonly as vocal cords, are composed of twin infoldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally across the larynx....
 and the space in between the folds (the rima glottidis
Rima glottidis

The rima glottidis is the opening between the true vocal cords and the arytenoids.It is normally subdivided into two parts, that between the arytenoid cartilages is called the intercartilaginous part , and that between the vocal folds the intermembranous part or glottis vocalis....
).

Function

As the vocal cords vibrate, the resulting vibration produces a "buzzing" quality to the speech, called voice
Voice (phonetics)

Voice or voicing is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sound, with sounds described as either voiceless or voiced....
 or voicing.

Sound production involving only the glottis is called glottal. English has a voiceless glottal fricative
Voiceless glottal fricative

The voiceless glottal transition, commonly called a "Fricative consonant", is a type of sound used in some Speech communication languages which often behaves like a consonant, but sometimes behaves more like a vowel, or is indeterminate in its behavior....
 spelled "h". In many accents of English the glottal stop
Glottal stop

The glottal stop, or more fully, the voiceless glottal plosive, is a type of consonantal sound which is used in many Speech communication languages....
 (made by pressing the folds together) is used as a variant allophone
Allophone

In phonetics, an allophone is one of several similar speech sounds that belong to the same phoneme. A phoneme is an abstract unit of speech sound that can distinguish words: That is, changing a phoneme in a word can produce another word....
 of the phoneme (and in some dialects, occasionally of and ); in some languages, this sound is a phoneme
Phoneme

In human language, a phoneme is the smallest posited linguistically distinctive unit of sound. Phonemes carry no semantic content themselves. In theoretical terms, phonemes are not the physical segment s themselves, but cognitive abstractions or categorizations of them....
 of its own.

Skilled players of the Australian didgeridoo
Didgeridoo

The didgeridoo is a wind musical instrument of the Australian Aborigines of northern Australia. It is sometimes described as a natural wooden trumpet or "drone pipe"....
 restrict their glottal opening in order to produce the full range of timbres available on the instrument.

The vibration produced is an essential component of voiced consonant
Consonant

In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the upper vocal tract, the upper vocal tract being defined as that part of the vocal tract that lies above the larynx....
s as well as vowel
Vowel

In phonetics, a vowel is a sound in spoken language, such as English ah! or oh! , pronounced with an open vocal tract so that there is no build-up of air pressure at any point above the glottis....
s. If the vocal folds are drawn apart, air flows between them causing no vibration, as in the production of voiceless consonants.

The glottis is also important in the valsalva maneuver
Valsalva maneuver

The Valsalva maneuver is performed by forcibly exhaling against a closed airway. Variations of the maneuver can be used either in medicine, as a test of cardiac function and autonomic nervous system of the heart or to "clear" the ears and Aerosinusitis when ambient pressure changes, as in diving or aviation....
.

  • Voiced consonants include
  • Voiceless consonants include


Additional images


See also

  • Phonation
    Phonation

    Phonation has slightly different meanings depending on the subfield of phonetics. Among some phoneticians, phonation is the process by which the vocal folds produce certain sounds through quasi-periodic vibration....