The GAVI Alliance (
GAVI) (formerly
The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation) is a global health partnership between the
privateIn economics, the private sector is that part of the economy which is both run for private profit and is not controlled by the state. By contrast, enterprises that are part of the state are part of the public sector; private, non-profit organizations are regarded as part of the voluntary...
and
publicThe public sector is a part of the state that deals with the delivery of goods and services by and for the government, whether national, regional or local/municipal....
sectors, committed to the mission of saving
childA child is a human being between the stages of birth and puberty. The legal definition of "child" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority...
ren's lives and protecting people's health by increasing access to immunisation in poor countries.
The new GAVI Alliance Board, constituted in October, 2008, consists of representatives from:
- World Health Organization
The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as a coordinating authority on international public health...
, WHO
- United Nations Children's Fund
The United Nations Children's Fund was created by the United Nations General Assembly on December 11, 1946, to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries that had been devastated by World War II...
, UNICEF
- The World Bank Group
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides leveraged loans to poorer countries for capital programs, tied to neoliberal market restructurings...
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is the largest transparently operated private foundation in the world, founded by Bill and Melinda Gates. The foundation is "driven by the interests and passions of the Gates family"...
- Government
A government is the body within a community, political entity or organization which has the authority to make and enforce rules, laws and regulations.....
s of donor countries
- Governments of developing countries
- Vaccine industry of developing countries and industrialised countries
- Research and technical health institutes
- Civil Society
Civil society is composed of the totality of voluntary civic and social organizations and institutions that form the basis of a functioning society as opposed to the force-backed structures of a state and commercial institutions of the market.-Definition:There are myriad definitions of civil...
Organisations
- Independent individuals
Launched in 2000 at the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos, the GAVI Alliance includes among its partners developing country and donor governments, the World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, the World Bank, the vaccine industry in both industrialised and developing countries, research and technical agencies, NGOs, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
The GAVI Alliance (
GAVI) (formerly
The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation) is a global health partnership between the
privateIn economics, the private sector is that part of the economy which is both run for private profit and is not controlled by the state. By contrast, enterprises that are part of the state are part of the public sector; private, non-profit organizations are regarded as part of the voluntary...
and
publicThe public sector is a part of the state that deals with the delivery of goods and services by and for the government, whether national, regional or local/municipal....
sectors, committed to the mission of saving
childA child is a human being between the stages of birth and puberty. The legal definition of "child" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority...
ren's lives and protecting people's health by increasing access to immunisation in poor countries.
The Alliance
The new GAVI Alliance Board, constituted in October, 2008, consists of representatives from:
- World Health Organization
The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as a coordinating authority on international public health...
, WHO
- United Nations Children's Fund
The United Nations Children's Fund was created by the United Nations General Assembly on December 11, 1946, to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries that had been devastated by World War II...
, UNICEF
- The World Bank Group
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides leveraged loans to poorer countries for capital programs, tied to neoliberal market restructurings...
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is the largest transparently operated private foundation in the world, founded by Bill and Melinda Gates. The foundation is "driven by the interests and passions of the Gates family"...
- Government
A government is the body within a community, political entity or organization which has the authority to make and enforce rules, laws and regulations.....
s of donor countries
- Governments of developing countries
- Vaccine industry of developing countries and industrialised countries
- Research and technical health institutes
- Civil Society
Civil society is composed of the totality of voluntary civic and social organizations and institutions that form the basis of a functioning society as opposed to the force-backed structures of a state and commercial institutions of the market.-Definition:There are myriad definitions of civil...
Organisations
- Independent individuals
Launched in 2000 at the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos, the GAVI Alliance includes among its partners developing country and donor governments, the World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, the World Bank, the vaccine industry in both industrialised and developing countries, research and technical agencies, NGOs, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. WHO estimates that more than 3.4 million early deaths will have been prevented as a result of support by GAVI up to the end of 2008 but this is impossible to confirm.
GAVI's efforts are critical to achieving the Millennium Development Goal on child health, which calls for reducing childhood mortality by two-thirds by 2015. Of the more than 10 million children who die before reaching their fifth birthday every year, 2.5 million die from diseases that could be more easily prevented with improvements to living conditions and diet.
The International Finance Facility for Immunisation (IFFIm) was created in 2006 to raise capital for GAVI by frontloading government donations through the sale of bonds on the open market. So far, IFFIm has raised US$ 1.6 billion.
Priorities
Since 2000, the GAVI Alliance has vaccinated more than 200 million children and prevented over 3 million deaths. Yet, every year more than 2 million children under 5 still die from diseases vaccines could prevent. More than half of these 2 million children die from just two diseases.
• Pneumococcal disease causes pneumonia, blood poisoning, and a form of meningitis. Nine out of 10 child deaths from pneumococcal diseases occur in developing countries.
• Rotavirus is a severe form of diarrhea. For a child living in the U.S., the risk of death due to rotavirus is 1 in 200,000 – in Bangladesh that risk is 1,000 times higher.
GAVI is prioritizing the introduction of these two vaccines and has identified four more vaccines to reduce death and disease from typhoid, rubella, Japanese encephalitis, and cervical cancer.
Accelerated Development and Introduction Plans (ADIPs)
Historically, the time between introduction of a
vaccineA vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains a small amount of an agent that resembles a microorganism...
in the developed world and the developing world has been up to 15 to 20 years. For example, only 10% of infants in the world’s poorest countries had access to Hib and hepatitis B vaccines 15 to 18 years after certification.
The ADIPs program aims to shorten the time lag between vaccines being proven safe and effective for use and their introduction in developing countries. GAVI has funded two ADIPs:
pneumoADIPPneumococcal vaccines Accelerated Development and Introduction Plan is a small, dedicated team based at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and is supported by a $30 million grant from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization...
and the
Rotavirus Vaccine ProgramA rotavirus vaccine protects children from rotaviruses, which are the leading cause of severe diarrhoea among infants and young children. Each year more than 500,000 children die from diarrhoeal disease caused by rotavirus, and another two million are hospitalised...
.
PneumoADIPPneumococcal vaccines Accelerated Development and Introduction Plan is a small, dedicated team based at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and is supported by a $30 million grant from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization...
, based at
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthThe Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health is part of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. As the oldest and largest public health training facility in the world, the Bloomberg School is a leading international authority on the improvement of health and...
, aims to accelerate the evaluation of and access to new, lifesaving pneumococcal vaccines for the world's children. The
Rotavirus Vaccine ProgramA rotavirus vaccine protects children from rotaviruses, which are the leading cause of severe diarrhoea among infants and young children. Each year more than 500,000 children die from diarrhoeal disease caused by rotavirus, and another two million are hospitalised...
, a partnership between
PATH-Path:Path may also refer to:*Course , the intended path of a vehicle over the surface of the Earth*Trail, footpath, or bicycle way in rural or urban settings*Sidewalk running along the edge of a road, in some varieties of English...
, the
World Health OrganizationThe World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as a coordinating authority on international public health...
and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, aims to make
rotavirusRotavirus is a genus of double-stranded RNA virus in the family Reoviridae. It is the leading single cause of severe diarrhoea among infants and young children, and is one of several viruses that cause infections commonly known as stomach flu, despite having no relation to influenza. By the age of...
vaccines accessible to children worldwide.
For the most part, the mandate of the ADIPs is concluding. The work of supporting countries to make evidence-based decisions on the introduction of pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccines will be carried on by the Accelerated Vaccine Introduction (AVI) initiative. The AVI is a partnership between GAVI, WHO, UNICEF and a consortium which includes
PATH-Path:Path may also refer to:*Course , the intended path of a vehicle over the surface of the Earth*Trail, footpath, or bicycle way in rural or urban settings*Sidewalk running along the edge of a road, in some varieties of English...
, the US Centers for Disease Control, and
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthThe Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health is part of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. As the oldest and largest public health training facility in the world, the Bloomberg School is a leading international authority on the improvement of health and...
.
GAVI Alliance Immunize Every Child
GAVI Alliance Immunize Every Child is the US based non-profit organization engaging the private sector to support the provision of life-saving vaccines to the world’s poorest children by the GAVI Alliance and its immunization partners.
To connect visionary private philanthropists, corporations, foundations and communities with this global vaccination effort, the Immunize Every Child campaign was launched in New York City in September 2007. The Every Child Council was established in September 2007 to pay tribute to a diverse and dynamic group of influential individuals from public and private life including Her Majesty Queen Rania Al Abdullah of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Her Royal Highness La Infanta Cristina of Spain,
Mary RobinsonMary Therese Winifred Robinson served as the seventh, and first female, President of Ireland, serving from 1990 to 1997, and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, from 1997 to 2002. She first rose to prominence as an academic, barrister, campaigner and member of the Irish senate...
, former President of Ireland and President, Realizing Rights,
Jon CorzineJon Stevens Corzine is the Governor of New Jersey and a former United States Senator. A Democrat, Corzine served five years of a six-year Senate term before being elected Governor in 2005. He is a candidate for re-election in 2009....
, Governor of the State of New Jersey,
Mel KarmazinMelvin Alan "Mel" Karmazin is an American executive. He co-founded and was the president of Infinity Broadcasting and eventually became the president and chief executive officer of CBS. As of 2008, he is the CEO of Sirius XM Radio....
, CEO, SIRIUS Satellite Radio, George W. Wellde, Jr., Vice Chairman of Securities Division (Retired), Goldman Sachs & Co., Paul O’Connell, President, FDO Partners and Eileen O’Connell, physician, and Isidro Fainé, Chief Executive Officer, La Caixa Foundation.
The Immunize Every Child campaign is engaging major corporate partners in GAVI’s mission. In April 2008 GAVI partnered with
La Caixa"la Caixa" or Caixa d'Estalvis i Pensions de Barcelona is currently Spain’s leading savings bank and its third financial institution, with a network of over 5,500 branches, more than 8,100 ATMs, a workforce in excess of 27,000 and more than 10.7 million customers.-History:Today's "la Caixa" is the...
, Spain's leading savings bank and Europe's second largest foundation, in a multi-faceted engagement and giving program. This unique and noteworthy corporate social responsibility initiative includes an annual grant from the La Caixa Foundation, engagement of La Caixa's 26,000 employees, 400,000 depositors and 11 million account holders.
GAVI Alliance Immunize Every Child is also reaching out to the broader community of individuals who want to make a difference.
GiveVaccines is an internet site where people play a vocabulary game and where each correct answer funds 0.01 ml of vaccine for the GAVI Alliance. Immunize Every Child is also one of the founding members of
World Pneumonia DayA broad of spectrum of international child groups designated November 2 to be World Pneumonia Day.Pneumonia is a preventable and treatable disease that kills more than 2 million children under 5 each year. Pneumonia kills more than AIDS, malaria, and measles combined, yet many people are unaware...
to be held on November 2nd 2009. This will offer individuals a way to engage in the fight against pneumonia as the number one killer of children. 2 million children under the age of 5 die every year from pneumonia and that number could be dramatically reduced with the widescale introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate and Hib vaccines. Raising awareness about the potential of these vaccines to reduce pneumonia deaths as well as the potential of the new rotavirus vaccine to prevent diarrheal deaths (the second biggest killer of children) are strategic priorities for the GAVI Immunize Every Child campaign.
72 countries currently supported by GAVI
- Afghanistan
- Angola
- Armenia
- Azerbaijan
- Bangladesh
- Benin
- Bhutan
- Bolivia
- Burkina Faso
- Burundi
- Cambodia
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Chad
- Comoros
- Congo
- Congo, Dem Republic of
- Côte d'Ivoire
- Cuba
- Djibouti
- Eritrea
- Ethiopia
- Gambia
- Georgia
- Ghana
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Guyana
- Haiti
- Honduras
- India
- Indonesia
- Kenya
- Kiribati
- Korea, DPR
- Kyrgyz Republic
- Lao PDR
- Lesotho
- Liberia
- Madagascar
- Malawi
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Moldova
- Mongolia
- Mozambique
- Myanmar
- Nepal
- Nicaragua
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Pakistan
- Papua New Guinea
- Rwanda
- São Tomé e Príncipe
- Senegal
- Sierra Leone
- Solomon Islands
- Somalia
- Sri Lanka
- Sudan
- Tajikistan
- Tanzania
- Timor Leste
- Togo
- Uganda
- Ukraine
- Uzbekistan
- Viet Nam
- Yemen
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
See also
- Managing for development results
- Globalization and Health
Globalization and Health is an open-access, peer-reviewed, online journal that provides an international forum for high quality original research, knowledge sharing and debate on the topic of globalization and its effects on health, both positive and negative...
- Public health
Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals." It is concerned with threats to the overall health of a community based...
- Globalization
Globalization describes an ongoing process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a globe-spanning network of communication and exchange....
- Global health
Global health is the health of populations in a global context and transcends the perspectives and concerns of individual nations. Health problems that transcend national borders or have a global political and economic impact, are often emphasized...
- Immunization Alliance
The Immunization Alliance is an American vaccine advocacy consortium, assembled under auspices of the American Academy of Pediatrics in May 2008...
- Vaccination Week In The Americas
Vaccination Week In The Americas is an annual effort by the member countries of the Pan American Health Organization to vaccinate millions of people in the region...
- Expanded Program on Immunization (Philippines)
The Expanded Program on Immunization ' in the Philippines began in July 1979. And, in 1986, made a response to the Universal Child Immunization goal...
- Every Child By Two
Every Child By Two is a non-profit health advocacy organization, based in the United States and founded in 1991, dedicated to protecting children from diseases through promotion of vaccinations and raising parental awareness of potential vaccine benefits...
External links