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Gian Giacomo Trivulzio (1440 or 1441 – December 5, 1518) was an Italian
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
 aristocrat and condottiero who held several military commands during the Italian Wars
Italian Wars

The Italian Wars, often referred to as the Great Italian Wars or the Great Wars of Italy in historical works, were a series of conflicts from 1494 to 1559 that involved, at various times, most of the Italian city-states, the Papal States, all the major states of western Europe as well as the Ottoman Empire....
.

ulzio was born in Milan
Milan

Milan is the second largest city of Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. It is the capital in the Province of Milan, as well as the Regions of Italy capital of Lombardy....
, where he studied, among the others, with Galeazzo Maria Sforza
Galeazzo Maria Sforza

Galeazzo Maria Sforza was Duke of Milan from 1466 until his death. He was famous for being lustful, cruel and tyrannical.He was born to Francesco Sforza, a popular condottiero and ally of Cosimo de' Medici who had gained the dukedom of Milan, and Bianca Maria Visconti....
. In 1465 he followed the latter's army in France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 to help King Louis IX
Louis IX of France

Louis IX , commonly Saint Louis, was List of French monarchs from 1226 to his death. He was also Counts of Artois from 1226 to 1237. Born at Poissy, near Paris, he was a member of the House of Capet and the son of Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile....
.






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Trivulzio
Gian Giacomo Trivulzio (1440 or 1441 – December 5, 1518) was an Italian
Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia....
 aristocrat and condottiero who held several military commands during the Italian Wars
Italian Wars

The Italian Wars, often referred to as the Great Italian Wars or the Great Wars of Italy in historical works, were a series of conflicts from 1494 to 1559 that involved, at various times, most of the Italian city-states, the Papal States, all the major states of western Europe as well as the Ottoman Empire....
.

Biography

Trivulzio was born in Milan
Milan

Milan is the second largest city of Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. It is the capital in the Province of Milan, as well as the Regions of Italy capital of Lombardy....
, where he studied, among the others, with Galeazzo Maria Sforza
Galeazzo Maria Sforza

Galeazzo Maria Sforza was Duke of Milan from 1466 until his death. He was famous for being lustful, cruel and tyrannical.He was born to Francesco Sforza, a popular condottiero and ally of Cosimo de' Medici who had gained the dukedom of Milan, and Bianca Maria Visconti....
. In 1465 he followed the latter's army in France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 to help King Louis IX
Louis IX of France

Louis IX , commonly Saint Louis, was List of French monarchs from 1226 to his death. He was also Counts of Artois from 1226 to 1237. Born at Poissy, near Paris, he was a member of the House of Capet and the son of Louis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile....
. He also took part in the Milanese
Duchy of Milan

The Duchy of Milan was a state in northern Italy from 1394 to 1797. It was part of the Holy Roman Empire, by then a decentralised entity, and was ruled by several dynasties, most of them major powers from outside Italy....
 campaigns against Bartolomeo Colleoni
Bartolomeo Colleoni

Bartolomeo Colleoni was an Italian people condottiero.Colleoni was born at Solza, in the countryside of Bergamo , where he prepared his magnificent mortuary chapel, the Cappella Colleoni, in a shrine that he seized when it was refused him by the local confraternity, the Consiglio della Misericordia....
 and fought alongside Federico II da Montefeltro
Federico II da Montefeltro

Federico II Paolo Novello da Montefeltro held the title of Count of Urbino from 1364 until his death. He was the son of Nolfo da Montefeltro....
 in the wars in Romagna
Romagna

Romagna is an Italy historical region that approximately corresponds to the south-eastern portion of present-day Emilia-Romagna. Traditionally, it is limited by the Apennine Mountains to the south-west, the Adriatic to the east, and the rivers River Reno and Sillaro to the north and west....
.

In 1478 he supported the Florentines against Pope Sixtus IV
Pope Sixtus IV

Pope Sixtus IV , born Francesco della Rovere, was Pope from 1471 to 1484. He founded the Sistine Chapel where the team of artists he brought together introduced the Early Renaissance to Rome with the first masterpiece of the city's new artistic age....
's expansionism. Two years later he acquired the castle of Mesocco
Mesocco

Mesocco is a municipalities of Switzerland in the district of Moesa in the Switzerland Cantons of Switzerland of Graub?nden.Its population is predominately Italian language-speaking....
. In 1483 he abandoned Ludovico Sforza
Ludovico Sforza

Ludovico Sforza Duke of Milan , a member of the Sforza dynasty of Milan, Italy, was the second son of Francesco Sforza, and was famed as patron of Leonardo da Vinci and other artists....
 and switched his allegiance to Charles VIII of France
Charles VIII of France

Charles VIII, called the Affable, , was List of French monarchs from 1483 to his death. Charles was a member of the House of Valois. His invasion of Italy initiated the long series of Italian Wars which characterized the first half of the 16th century....
. In 1484 he defeated the Venetians
Republic of Venice

The Most Serene Republic of Venice or Venetian Republic was a state originating from the city of Venice . It existed for over a millennium, from the late 7th century AD until the year 1797....
 army at Martinengo.

In 1488 he married Beatrice d'Avalos, after his first wife (Margherita Colleoni) had died. In June of the same year he moved to southern Italy, at the service of the Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Naples

The Kingdom of Naples is the modern day name for a polity which existed on the southern part of the Italian peninsula. Also known contemporaneously, and somewhat confusingly, as the Kingdom of Sicily, this kingdom was founded after the secession of the island of Sicily from the old Kingdom of Sicily as a result of the Sicilian Vespers...
 and its ruler Ferdinand of Aragon
Ferdinand I of Naples

Ferdinand I , also called Don Ferrante, was the Monarchs of Naples and Sicily from 1458 to 1494. He was the natural son of Alfonso V of Aragon by Giraldona Carlino....
. As Isabella of Aragon had married the young Gian Galeazzo Visconti, heir of the family who had held Milan before the Sforzas, Ludovico asked Charles VIII of France
Charles VIII of France

Charles VIII, called the Affable, , was List of French monarchs from 1483 to his death. Charles was a member of the House of Valois. His invasion of Italy initiated the long series of Italian Wars which characterized the first half of the 16th century....
 to invade Naples. Charles swept away any resistance in Italy and soon forced the Neapolitans to sign a treaty of peace; the latter was dealt by Trivulzio, who in the meantime had been named commander-in-chief of the Neapolitan army. Impressed by Trivulzio's capabilities, Charles decided to engage him, with Ferdinand's permission, for a wage of 100,000 ducats a year.

Trivulzio then followed Charles' army in its return to France, and fought in the victorious battle of Fornovo
Battle of Fornovo

The Battle of Fornovo took place 30 km southwest of the city of Parma on 6 July 1495. The League of Republic of Venice was able to temporally expel the France from the Italian Peninsula....
 (1495) against the Italian league. On June 15, 1495 he was appointed governor of Asti
Asti

Asti is a city and comune of c. 75,000 inhabitants located in the Piedmont region of north-western Italy, about 55 kilometres east of Turin in the plain of the Tanaro River....
 and was given noble titles and territories in France. After Charles' death, his successor Louis XII
Louis XII of France

Louis XII , called "the Father of the People" was the thirty-fifth List of French monarchs of France and the sole monarch from the House of Valois Cadet branch of the House of Valois....
 mustered a large army under Trivulzio to conquer the Duchy of Milan. After the latter's defeat, Trivulzio was in fact created governor of Milan and, on September 29, 1499, Marshal of France
Marshal of France

The Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements....
.

He also took part in the victorious Battle of Agnadello
Battle of Agnadello

The Battle of Agnadello, also known as Vail?, was the one of the more significant battles of the War of the League of Cambrai, and one of the major battles of the Italian Wars....
 against the Republic of Venice
Republic of Venice

The Most Serene Republic of Venice or Venetian Republic was a state originating from the city of Venice . It existed for over a millennium, from the late 7th century AD until the year 1797....
, and commanded contingents of the French army at Novara
Battle of Novara

There are two military events that are called Battle of Novara, fought next to Novara, Northern Italy:* Battle of Novara , fought between the Holy League and France, within the War of the League of Cambrai...
 and (this time allied with the Venetians against the Swiss) Marignano
Battle of Marignano

The Battle of Marignano was a battle fought during the phase of the Italian Wars called the War of the League of Cambrai, that took place on 13 and 14 September, 1515, near the town today called Melegnano, 16 km southeast of Milan....
. In 1516 he successfully defended Milan from the assault of Emperor Maximilian I
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian I of Habsburg was Holy Roman Empire from 1508 until his death, but had ruled jointly with his father for the last ten years of his reign, from circa 1483....
.

However, voices about his behaviour as governor had him fall in disgrace soon afterwards. He moved to France to support his position with King Francis I of France
Francis I of France

Francis I , was crowned King of France in 1515 in the cathedral at Reims and reigned until 1547.Francis I is considered to be France's first Renaissance monarch....
, but in vain. He died at Arpajon, (France) in 1518.

Patronage of art

Trivulzio accumulated huge amounts of money, which he used in part as a patron of arts, in particular of works by Bramantino
Bramantino

Bartolomeo Suardi, best known as Bramantino , was an Italian people painting and architect, mainly active in his native Milan....
: these include the Trivulzio Chapel in the Basilica of San Nazaro in Brolo
San Nazaro in Brolo

The basilica of San Nazaro in Brolo or San Nazaro Maggiore is a church in Milan, northern Italy.HistoryThe church was built by St....
, where he was buried, and the tapestries cycle of the Twelve Months now in the Castello Sforzesco
Castello Sforzesco

Castello Sforzesco is a castle in Milan, Italy that now houses several of the city's museum and art gallery collections.The original construction on the site began in the 14th century....
 in Milan.

Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci

Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci was an Italy polymath, being a scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, Painting, sculptor, architect, botanist, musician and writer....
 had designed a large equestrian statue of Trivulzio, which was never begun.

See also

  • Italian Wars
    Italian Wars

    The Italian Wars, often referred to as the Great Italian Wars or the Great Wars of Italy in historical works, were a series of conflicts from 1494 to 1559 that involved, at various times, most of the Italian city-states, the Papal States, all the major states of western Europe as well as the Ottoman Empire....