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George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle

 
George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle

 
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George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
 
 
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George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, KG
Order of the Garter

The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry, or knighthood, originating in medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms; it is the pinnacle of the Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom....
 (6 December 1608 – 3 January 1670) was an English
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
 soldier and politician and a key figure in the restoration
English Restoration

The English Restoration, or simply The Restoration began in 1660 when the English monarchy, Scottish monarchy and Irish monarchy were restored under Charles II of England after the Interregnum that followed the English Civil War....
 of Charles II
Charles II of England

Charles II was the Monarchy of Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland, and Kingdom of Ireland.His father Charles I of England Regicide#The regicide of Charles I of England at Palace of Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War....
.

Early life and career
He was born at Potheridge, near Torrington
Great Torrington

Great Torrington is a small market town in the north of Devon, England. Parts of it are sited on high groundwith steep drops down to the River Torridge below....
, in Devon
Devon

Devon is a large Counties of England in South West England. The county is also referred to as Devonshire, but that is an entirely unofficial name, rarely used inside of the county but often indicating a shire....
, second son of Sir Thomas Monck, a gentleman
Gentleman

The term gentleman , in its original and strict signification, denoted a man of good family, analogous to the Latin generosus . In this sense the word equates with the French gentilhomme , which latter term was in Great Britain long confined to the peerage....
 of a good Devon family but in straitened financial circumstances. Having assaulted the undersheriff
Undersheriff

An undersheriff is an office derived from ancient British practice and still extant in, among other places, the United Kingdom and the United States, though somewhat different forms....
 of the county in revenge for a wrong done to his father, he was forced to go abroad.






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George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, KG
Order of the Garter

The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry, or knighthood, originating in medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms; it is the pinnacle of the Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom....
 (6 December 1608 – 3 January 1670) was an English
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
 soldier and politician and a key figure in the restoration
English Restoration

The English Restoration, or simply The Restoration began in 1660 when the English monarchy, Scottish monarchy and Irish monarchy were restored under Charles II of England after the Interregnum that followed the English Civil War....
 of Charles II
Charles II of England

Charles II was the Monarchy of Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland, and Kingdom of Ireland.His father Charles I of England Regicide#The regicide of Charles I of England at Palace of Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War....
.

Early life and career


He was born at Potheridge, near Torrington
Great Torrington

Great Torrington is a small market town in the north of Devon, England. Parts of it are sited on high groundwith steep drops down to the River Torridge below....
, in Devon
Devon

Devon is a large Counties of England in South West England. The county is also referred to as Devonshire, but that is an entirely unofficial name, rarely used inside of the county but often indicating a shire....
, second son of Sir Thomas Monck, a gentleman
Gentleman

The term gentleman , in its original and strict signification, denoted a man of good family, analogous to the Latin generosus . In this sense the word equates with the French gentilhomme , which latter term was in Great Britain long confined to the peerage....
 of a good Devon family but in straitened financial circumstances. Having assaulted the undersheriff
Undersheriff

An undersheriff is an office derived from ancient British practice and still extant in, among other places, the United Kingdom and the United States, though somewhat different forms....
 of the county in revenge for a wrong done to his father, he was forced to go abroad. Becoming a soldier, he served as a volunteer in the expedition to Cádiz
Cádiz

C?diz is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the province of C?diz, one of eight which make up the Autonomous communities of Spain of Andalusia....
 (1626), and the next year fought well at the siege
Siege

A siege is a military blockade of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by Battle of attrition and/or assault. The term derives from sedere, Latin for "to sit." A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that cannot be easily taken by a coup de main and refuses to surrender ....
 of the Île de Ré (an abortive attempt to aid French Protestants in the city of La Rochelle
La Rochelle

La Rochelle is a city in western France and a seaport on the Bay of Biscay, a part of the Atlantic Ocean. It is the capital of the Charente-Maritime Departments of France....
).

In 1629 Monck went to the Netherlands
Netherlands

The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
, then a centre of warfare, and there he gained a high reputation as a leader
Leadership

Leadership is one of the most salient aspects of the organizational context. However, defining leadership has been challenging. The following sections discuss several important aspects of leadership including a description of what leadership is and a description of several popular theories and styles of leadership....
 and a disciplinarian. In 1638 he threw up his commission in consequence of a quarrel with the civil authorities of Dordrecht
Dordrecht

Media:Nl-Dordrecht.ogg , in English Dort and in the local dialect Dordt, is a city and municipality in the Netherlands province of South Holland, the third largest city of the province....
, and returned to England. He obtained the lieutenant-colonelcy of Newport's regiment.

Service in the Royalist cause


During the operations on the Scottish
Scotland

conventional_long_name = ScotlandAlba|common_name= Scotland|image_flag = Flag of Scotland.svg|flag_width = 130px...
 border in the Bishops' Wars
Bishops' Wars

The Bishops? Wars ? Bella Episcoporum ? refers to two armed encounters between Charles I of England and the Scottish Covenanter in 1639 and 1640, which helped to set the stage for the English Civil War and the subsequent Wars of the Three Kingdoms...
 (1639–1640) he showed his skill and coolness in the dispositions by which he saved the English artillery at the Battle of Newburn
Battle of Newburn

The Battle of Newburn was fought on 28 August 1640 during the Bishops' Wars #Second Bishops' War between a Scottish Covenanter army led by Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven and English royalist forces commanded by Edward Conway, 2nd Viscount Conway....
 (1640), though he had little ammunition.

At the outbreak of the Irish rebellion
Irish Rebellion

Irish Rebellion may refer to:* The Irish Bruce Wars 1315-1318 an attempt by members of the O'Neill clan backed by a Scottish and Irish army to make Edward Bruce the High King of Ireland....
 (1641) Monck became colonel of Lord Leicester
Robert Sidney, 2nd Earl of Leicester

Robert Sidney, 2nd Earl of Leicester , was the son of Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester, and his first wife, Barbara Gamage.He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford and entered parliament as member for Wilton in 1614....
's regiment under the command of Ormonde
James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde

James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde Privy Council of England , was an Anglo-Irish statesman and soldier. He was the top commander of the Cavalier forces in Ireland from 1641 to 1647 fighting against the Irish Confederate Wars....
. All the qualities for which he was noted through life—his talent of making himself indispensable, his imperturbable temper and his impenetrable secrecy—were fully displayed in this post. The governorship of Dublin
Dublin

Dublin is both the largest city and capital of Republic of Ireland. It is located near the midpoint of Ireland's east coast, at the mouth of the River Liffey and at the centre of the Dublin Region....
 stood vacant, and Leicester appointed Monck.

Charles I
Charles I of England

Charles I was List of English monarchs, List of monarchs of Scotland and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his capital punishment on 30 January 1649....
, however, overruled the appointment in favour of Lord Lambart
Charles Lambart, 1st Earl of Cavan

Charles Lambart, 1st Earl of Cavan was an Bossiney for the rotten borough of Bossiney and a military commander....
, and Monck with great shrewdness surrendered the appointment without protest. The Duke of Ormonde
James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde

James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde Privy Council of England , was an Anglo-Irish statesman and soldier. He was the top commander of the Cavalier forces in Ireland from 1641 to 1647 fighting against the Irish Confederate Wars....
, however, viewed him with suspicion as one of two officers who refused to take the oath to support the Royal cause in England, and sent him under guard to Bristol
Bristol

Bristol is a City status in the United Kingdom, unitary authority area and Ceremonial counties of England in South West England, west of London, and east of Cardiff....
.

Monck justified himself to Charles in person, and his astute criticisms of the conduct of the Irish war impressed the king, who gave him a command in the army brought over from Ireland during the English Civil War
English Civil War

The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Roundhead and Cavalier. The First English Civil War and Second English Civil War civil wars pitted the supporters of Charles I of England against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the Third English Civil War saw fighting between supporters...
. Taken prisoner by the Roundheads at the Battle of Nantwich
Battle of Nantwich

The Battle of Nantwich took place during the English Civil War, between the forces of Parliament of England and of King Charles I of England to the northwest of the town of Nantwich in Cheshire on 26 January 1644 ....
 in 1644, he spent the next two years in the Tower. He spent his imprisonment writing his Observations on Military and Political Affairs.

Career under the republic